none
act-1992-048
allinforce
48
act.reprint
2026-01-01
Penalties and Sentences Act 1992
act
1992
Penalties and Sentences Act 1992
An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to sentencing of offenders and to impose a levy on offenders on sentence
Long title amd 2012 No. 17s 30
Preamble
1
Society is entitled to protect itself and its members from harm.
2
The criminal law and the power of courts to impose sentences on offenders represent important ways in which society protects itself and its members from harm.
3
Society may limit the liberty of members of society only to prevent harm to itself or other members of society.
4
Society is entitled to recover from offenders funds to help pay for the cost of law enforcement and administration.
Preamble amd 2012 No. 17s 31
Part 1
Preliminary
1
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Penalties and Sentences Act 1992.
3
Purposes
The purposes of this Act include—
(a)
collecting into a single Act general powers of courts to sentence offenders; and
(b)
providing for a sufficient range of sentences for the appropriate punishment and rehabilitation of offenders, and, in appropriate circumstances, ensuring that protection of the Queensland community is a paramount consideration; and
(c)
encouraging particular offenders to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in proceedings or investigations about major criminal offences; and
(d)
promoting consistency of approach in the sentencing of offenders; and
(e)
providing fair procedures—
(i)
for imposing sentences; and
(ii)
for dealing with offenders who contravene the conditions of their sentence; and
(f)
providing sentencing principles that are to be applied by courts; and
(g)
making provision so that offenders are not imprisoned for non-payment of fines without the opportunity of obtaining a fine option order; and
(h)
promoting public understanding of sentencing practices and procedures; and
(i)
generally reforming the sentencing laws of Queensland; and
(j)
providing for the imposition of an offender levy.
s 3 amd 1997 No. 4s 4; 2012 No. 17s 32; 2016 No. 62s 271
4
Definitions
In this Act—
approved form means a form approved by the chief executive for the relevant purpose.
s 4 def approved form amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 68
approved provider, for part 3, division 1, see section 15F.
s 4 def approved provider ins 2002 No. 59s 6
attend, for part 3, division 1, see section 15B.
s 4 def attend ins 2002 No. 59s 6
Attorney-General, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def Attorney-General ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
authorised corrective services officer see section 4A.
s 4 def authorised corrective services officer sub 1997 No. 46s 25
amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
authorised officer, for part 9C, means the director of public prosecutions, a deputy director of public prosecutions, or a lawyer appointed to assist the director of public prosecutions in the performance of the functions of the director of public prosecutions under part 9C.
s 4 def authorised officer ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
banning order, for part 3B, see section 43I.
s 4 def banning order ins 2010 No. 51s 54(2)
benefit, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def benefit ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
board guidelines means guidelines under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 242E.
s 4 def board guidelines ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
category A offence see section 161F.
s 4 def category A offence ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
category B offence see section 161F.
s 4 def category B offence ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
category C offence see section 161F.
s 4 def category C offence ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
commission ...
s 4 def commission om 1999 No. 9s 3sch
commissioner, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def commissioner ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
control order, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def control order ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
conviction means a finding of guilt, or the acceptance of a plea of guilty, by a court.
core conditions, of the rehabilitation part of a treatment order, see section 151R(1).
s 4 def core conditions ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
corrective services facility see the Corrective Services Act 2006, schedule 4.
s 4 def corrective services facility ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
corresponding control order, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def corresponding control order ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
council means the Queensland Sentencing Advisory Council established under section 198.
s 4 def council ins 2010 No. 48s 4
om 2012 No. 19s 12
ins 2016 No. 31s 3
court—
(a)
for part 2A—see section 15AA; or
(b)
for part 8A—see section 151B; or
(c)
for part 9D, division 3, subdivision 5—see section 161ZV.
s 4 def court ins 2010 No. 48s 4
sub 2016 No. 62s 272(1)–(2)
amd 2017 No. 41s 32(3)
criminal organisation see section 161O.
s 4 def criminal organisation ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
Crown prosecutor includes—
(a)
the Attorney-General; and
(b)
the director of public prosecutions; and
(c)
another person, other than a police officer, appearing for the State.
s 4 def Crown prosecutor ins 2001 No. 94s 4
amd 2010 No. 51s 54(1); 2016 No. 62s 272(3)
current parole eligibility date, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def current parole eligibility date ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
current parole release date, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def current parole release date ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
custodial part, of a treatment order, see section 151N(2).
s 4 def custodial part ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
DAAR condition, for part 3, division 1, see section 19(2B).
s 4 def DAAR condition ins 2016 No. 4s 68
dangerous prisoners application means an application under the Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act 2003 for a continuing detention order, interim detention order, supervision order or interim supervision order.
s 4 def dangerous prisoners application ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
director of public prosecutions, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def director of public prosecutions ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
disqualifying offence, for part 3, division 1, see section 15E.
s 4 def disqualifying offence ins 2002 No. 59s 6
domestic violence offence see the Criminal Code, section 1.
s 4 def domestic violence offence ins 2015 No. 17s 17(1)
drug and alcohol treatment order, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def drug and alcohol treatment order ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
drug assessment and education session, for part 3, division 1, see section 15B.
s 4 def drug assessment and education session ins 2002 No. 59s 6
drug diversion condition, for part 3, division 1, see section 19(2A).
s 4 def drug diversion condition ins 2002 No. 59s 6
drug diversion court, for part 3, division 1, see section 15B.
s 4 def drug diversion court ins 2002 No. 59s 6
drug trafficking offence ...
s 4 def drug trafficking offence ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
om 2013 No. 35s 142B
eligible drug offence, for part 3, division 1, see section 15D.
s 4 def eligible drug offence ins 2002 No. 59s 6
eligible drug offender, for part 3, division 1, see section 15C.
s 4 def eligible drug offender ins 2002 No. 59s 6
eligible offence, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def eligible offence ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
exposed, for a child in relation to domestic violence, see the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 10.
s 4 def exposed ins 2024 No. 5s 85
fine, for part 4, division 2, see section 52.
s 4 def fine ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
fine option order means a fine option order made under part 4, division 2.
finite sentence, for part 10, see section 173(1)(b).
s 4 def finite sentence ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
finite term, for a provision about a finite sentence, means the term of the sentence.
s 4 def finite term ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
graffiti offence means—
(a)
an offence against the Criminal Code, section 469 that is punishable under section 469, clause 9; or
(b)
an offence against the Summary Offences Act 2005, section 17(1).
s 4 def graffiti offence ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
graffiti removal order means a graffiti removal order in force under part 5A.
s 4 def graffiti removal order ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
graffiti removal service means—
(a)
the removal of graffiti; or
(b)
work related or incidental to the work mentioned in paragraph (a); or
(c)
other work related to or incidental to the clean up of public places whether or not it relates to the removal of graffiti.
s 4 def graffiti removal service ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
guideline judgment means a judgment that—
(a)
is declared to be a guideline judgment by the Court of Appeal; and
(b)
contains guidelines to be taken into account by courts in sentencing offenders, being guidelines applying—
(i)
generally; or
(ii)
to a particular court or class of court; or
(iii)
to a particular offence, or class of offence, including under a Commonwealth Act; or
(iv)
to a particular penalty or class of penalty; or
(v)
to a particular class of offender.
s 4 def guideline judgment ins 2010 No. 48s 4
sub 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
guideline proceeding, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def guideline proceeding ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
harm, for part 10B, see section 179I.
s 4 def harm ins 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1
honorary member, of an organisation, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def honorary member ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
impose, a term of imprisonment on an offender for an offence, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def impose ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
indefinite sentence, for part 10, see section 162.
s 4 def indefinite sentence ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
intensive correction order means an intensive correction order in force under part 6.
licence, for part 3B, see section 43G.
s 4 def licence ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
licensed premises, for part 3B, see section 43G.
s 4 def licensed premises ins 2010 No. 51s 54(2)
licensee, for part 3B, see section 43G.
s 4 def licensee ins 2010 No. 51s 54(2)
major criminal offence see section 161S(5).
s 4 def major criminal offence ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
most serious related offence see section 161G.
s 4 def most serious related offence ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
nominal sentence, for part 10, see section 162.
s 4 def nominal sentence ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
non-contact order means a non-contact order in force under part 3A.
s 4 def non-contact order ins 2001 No. 94s 4
offender means a person who is convicted of an offence, whether or not a conviction is recorded.
offender levy see section 179C.
s 4 def offender levy ins 2012 No. 17s 33(1)
office holder, of an organisation, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def office holder ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
operational period—
(a)
for a term of imprisonment suspended under section 144(1)—means the period stated under section 144(5) in relation to the term; or
(b)
for the custodial part of a treatment order under part 8A—see section 151B.
s 4 def operational period sub 2017 No. 41s 32(1)–(2)
original order—
(a)
for part 3, division 3AA—see section 33AA(a); or
(b)
for part 4, division 2—see section 52.
s 4 def original order ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
sub 2017 No. 6s 65
parole means parole under a parole order granted under the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 4 def parole ins 2006 No. 29s 484(2)
parole eligibility date, for an offender, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def parole eligibility date ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
parole release date, for an offender, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def parole release date ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
participant, in a criminal organisation, see section 161P.
s 4 def participant ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
penalty includes any fine, compensation, restitution or other amount of money but does not include an offender levy.
s 4 def penalty amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2012 No. 17s 33(2)
period of imprisonment means the unbroken duration of imprisonment that an offender is to serve for 2 or more terms of imprisonment, whether—
(a)
ordered to be served concurrently or cumulatively; or
(b)
imposed at the same time or different times;
and includes a term of imprisonment.
s 4 def period of imprisonment ins 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
police banning notice, for part 3B, see section 43G.
s 4 def police banning notice ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
...
s 4 def post-prison community based release ins 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2
om 2006 No. 29s 484(1)
prescribed offence—
(a)
for part 5, division 2, subdivision 2—see section 108A; or
(b)
for part 9D—see section 161N.
s 4 def prescribed offence ins 2014 No. 42s 83(2)
sub 2016 No. 62s 272(1)–(2)
prison means a prison within the meaning of the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 4 def prison amd 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2006 No. 29s 484(3)
probation order means a probation order in force under part 5, division 1.
proper officer means—
(a)
for an order made or certificate issued by the Supreme Court—the sheriff; or
(b)
for an order made or certificate issued by the District Court—any registrar; or
(c)
for an order made or certificate issued by a Magistrates Court—any clerk of the court.
s 4 def proper officer amd 1995 No. 21s 107sch 2
sub 1999 No. 67s 12
amd 2013 No. 21s 62(2)
proper officer of the court, for an offender levy, for part 10A, see section 179B.
s 4 def proper officer of the court ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
property includes electricity.
s 4 def property ins 1994 No. 64s 293sch 4
prosecutor, for section 12A and parts 3A, 3B and 9D, means—
(a)
in the context of a proceeding before, or an application to, a Magistrates Court—a police officer or Crown prosecutor; or
(b)
otherwise—a Crown prosecutor.
s 4 def prosecutor ins 2001 No. 94s 4
amd 2010 No. 51s 54(1); 2015 No. 17s 17(2); 2016 No. 62s 272(4)
prospective member, of an organisation, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def prospective member ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
public place—
(a)
for part 3B, see section 43G; or
(b)
for part 5, division 2, subdivision 2, see section 108A.
s 4 def public place ins 2010 No. 51s 54(2)
sub 2014 No. 42s 83
qualifying offence, for part 10, see section 162.
s 4 def qualifying offence ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
Queensland board means the Parole Board Queensland established under the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 4 def Queensland board ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
Queensland driver licence see the Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995, schedule 4.
s 4 def Queensland driver licence ins 2007 No. 37s 125sch
registered corresponding control order, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def registered corresponding control order ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
registrar, for part 9D, division 3, subdivision 5, see section 161ZV.
s 4 def registrar ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
rehabilitation part, of a treatment order, see section 151Q(2).
s 4 def rehabilitation part ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
re-integration program means a program under the Corrective Services Act 2006 that is designed to assist an offender to re-integrate into the community, and includes parole.
s 4 def re-integration program sub 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2
amd 2006 No. 29s 484(3)–(4); 2009 No. 30s 42
related offences see section 161G.
s 4 def related offences ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
remove, in relation to graffiti, includes the following—
(a)
repair;
(b)
conceal;
(c)
cover;
(d)
attempt to remove.
Example—
painting over graffiti
s 4 def remove ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
respondent, for part 9D, division 3, subdivision 5, see section 161ZY(1)(b).
s 4 def respondent ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
review, a guideline judgment, for part 2A, see section 15AA.
s 4 def review ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
review team, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def review team ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
senior police officer, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def senior police officer ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
sentence—
(a)
means a penalty or imprisonment ordered to be paid or served, or another order made, by a court after an offender is convicted, whether or not a conviction is recorded; and
(b)
for part 10A—includes an order made by a court to deal with the offender for an offence instead of passing sentence.
s 4 def sentence sub 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
serious child sex offence see section 161D.
s 4 def serious child sex offence ins 2012 No. 14s 5
serious criminal activity, for part 9D, see section 161N.
s 4 def serious criminal activity ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
serious drug offence means a category A offence, category B offence or category C offence.
s 4 def serious drug offence ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
serious drug offence certificate see section 161G.
s 4 def serious drug offence certificate ins 2013 No. 21s 62(1)
serious harm means any detrimental effect of a serious nature on a person’s emotional, physical or psychological wellbeing, whether temporary or permanent.
s 4 def serious harm ins 2010 No. 34s 34(2)
serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation see section 161Q.
s 4 def serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation ins 2016 No. 62s 272(2)
serious violent offence means a serious violent offence of which an offender is convicted under section 161A.
s 4 def serious violent offence ins 1997 No. 4s 5
severe substance use disorder, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def severe substance use disorder ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
sexual offence, for part 9, division 3, see section 160.
s 4 def sexual offence ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
SPE Act means the State Penalties Enforcement Act 1999.
s 4 def SPE Act ins 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
SPER means the State Penalties Enforcement Registry established under the SPE Act.
s 4 def SPER ins 2007 No. 3s 48
amd 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
suitability assessment report, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def suitability assessment report ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
term of imprisonment means the duration of imprisonment imposed for a single offence and includes—
(a)
the imprisonment an offender is serving, or is liable to serve—
(i)
for default in payment of a single fine; or
(ii)
for failing to comply with a single order of a court; and
(b)
for an offender on whom a finite sentence has been imposed, any extension under section 174B(6) of the offender’s finite term.
s 4 def term of imprisonment sub 2010 No. 34s 34
treatment order, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def treatment order ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
treatment order agency, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def treatment order agency ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
treatment program, for part 8A, see section 151B.
s 4 def treatment program ins 2017 No. 41s 32(2)
unpaid service means—
(a)
community service required to be performed under a community service order; or
(b)
graffiti removal service required to be performed under a graffiti removal order.
s 4 def unpaid service ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
unperformed graffiti removal service, for an offender, means graffiti removal service that the offender—
(a)
is required to perform under a graffiti removal order; and
(b)
has not performed.
s 4 def unperformed graffiti removal service ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
unperformed unpaid service, for an offender, means unpaid service that the offender—
(a)
is required to perform under a community service order or a graffiti removal order; and
(b)
has not performed.
s 4 def unperformed unpaid service ins 2013 No. 31s 42(1)
victim, for part 10B, see section 179I.
s 4 def victim ins 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1
victim impact statement, for part 10B, see section 179I.
s 4 def victim impact statement ins 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1
4A
Meaning of authorised corrective services officer
(1)
An authorised corrective services officer means a person who—
(a)
is—
(i)
a corrective services officer under the Corrective Services Act 2006; or
(ii)
an employee of a person or body engaged under that Act, section 272; and
(b)
is authorised by the chief executive (corrective services) for the relevant purpose.
(2)
In this section—
chief executive (corrective services) does not include an engaged service provider under the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 4A ins 1997 No. 46s 26
amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2006 No. 29s 485
5
Meaning of penalty unit
(1)
The value of a penalty unit is—
(a)
for the SPE Act or an infringement notice, other than an infringement notice for an offence against a law mentioned in paragraph (b), (c) or (d)—
(i)
the amount prescribed under section 5A; or
(ii)
if no amount is prescribed—$110; or
(b)
for a local law, or an infringement notice for an offence against a local law, made by a local government prescribed under a regulation—$75; or
(c)
for a local law, or an infringement notice for an offence against a local law made by a local government to which paragraph (b) does not apply or made under clause 35 of the Alcan agreement—
(i)
the amount prescribed under section 5A; or
(ii)
if no amount is prescribed—$110; or
(d)
for the Work Health and Safety Act 2011, the Electrical Safety Act 2002, the Safety in Recreational Water Activities Act 2011 or an infringement notice for an offence against any of those Acts—$100; or
(e)
in any other case, for this Act or another Act—
(i)
the amount prescribed under section 5A; or
(ii)
if no amount is prescribed—$110.
(2)
If an Act expresses a penalty or other matter as a number (whether whole or fractional) of penalty units, the monetary value of the penalty or other matter is the number of dollars obtained by multiplying the value of a penalty unit by the number of penalty units.
(2A)
However, if the monetary value of the penalty obtained under subsection (2) for an infringement notice is not a multiple of $1, the amount is rounded down to the nearest multiple of $1.
Example—
If the prescribed amount of a penalty unit under subsection (1)(a)(i) is $115.25 and an infringement notice prescribes a fine of 3 penalty units, the monetary value of the fine is $345, rounded down from $345.75.
(3)
If an order of a court expresses a penalty or other matter as a monetary value, the number of penalty units is to be calculated by dividing the monetary value by the value of a penalty unit as at the time the order is made.
(4)
For the purposes of this or another Act a reference to a penalty of a specified number of penalty units is a reference to a fine of that number of penalty units.
Example—
‘Maximum penalty—10 penalty units’ means the offender is liable to a maximum fine of 10 penalty units.
(5)
In this section—
Alcan agreement means the agreement made under the Alcan Queensland Pty. Limited Agreement Act 1965.
infringement notice means an infringement notice under the SPE Act.
s 5 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1995 No. 54s 45sch 2; 1997 No. 39s 472sch 7; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1; 2008 No. 66s 3(2); 2011 No. 18s 403; 2011 No. 19s 55; 2012 No. 17s 34; 2014 No. 6s 4; 2016No. 31s 7sch 1
5A
Prescribed value of particular penalty unit
(1)
A regulation may prescribe the same monetary value of a penalty unit for section 5(1)(a)(i), (c)(i) and (e)(i).
(2)
The amount prescribed must not be more than the amount last prescribed under this section increased by—
(a)
if, on or before 31 March in a year in which the regulation is made, the Treasurer publishes in the gazette a percentage change to the amount last prescribed—that percentage; or
(b)
otherwise—3.5%.
Examples—
1
On 31 March 2015, the Treasurer publishes a 3% change in the value of a penalty unit. On 30 June 2015 the amount of the penalty unit is $115. The amount prescribed by regulation on 1 July 2015 may be $118.45.
2
The Treasurer has not, on or before 31 March 2015, published a percentage change in the value of a penalty unit. On 30 June 2015, the amount of the penalty unit is $115. The amount prescribed by regulation on 1 July 2015 may be $119.
(3)
If the amount worked out under subsection (2) is not a multiple of 5 cents, the amount must be rounded down to the nearest multiple of 5 cents.
(4)
For subsection (2), if an amount has not been prescribed under this section, the amount last prescribed is taken to be $110.
(5)
A regulation may only prescribe 1 increase for an amount for a financial year.
s 5A ins 2014 No. 6s 5
6
Application to children and certain courts
This Act does not apply to—
(a)
a child; or
(b)
a Childrens Court;
except to the extent allowed by the Youth Justice Act 1992.
s 6 amd 2004 No. 37s 86sch 1; 2007 No. 59s 137; 2009 No. 34s 45(1)schpt 1 amdt 26; 2016 No. 58s 10sch 1
7
Sentences under this Act are sentences for purposes of the Criminal Code, ch 67
For the purposes of the Criminal Code, chapter 67, a sentence under this Act is taken to be a sentence imposed on conviction whether or not a conviction is recorded.
8
Construction of references to court that made order
(1)
A reference in this Act to the court that made a community based order or fine option order or an original order within the meaning of section 52 includes—
(a)
if the order was made by the Supreme Court—any sittings of the Supreme Court in its criminal jurisdiction at any place in Queensland; or
(b)
if the order was made by a District Court—any sittings of a District Court in its criminal jurisdiction at any place in Queensland; or
(c)
if the order was made by a Magistrates Court—any Magistrates Court sitting at any place in Queensland; or
(d)
if the order was made by a Wardens Court—any Wardens Court sitting at any place in Queensland.
(2)
Subsection (1) applies even though the judge, magistrate, warden or justices constituting the court did not make the order in the first place.
s 8 amd 1995 No. 21s 107sch 2
8A
Delegation of powers by proper officer
(1)
A proper officer may delegate the proper officer’s powers under this Act to an officer of the public service (an officer) mentioned in subsection (2) if the officer is a justice.
(2)
If the proper officer is—
(a)
the sheriff—the powers may be delegated to an officer employed in the sheriff’s office or Magistrates Court registry; or
(b)
the registrar—the powers may be delegated to an officer employed in the District Court registry or Magistrates Court registry; or
(c)
the clerk of the court—the powers may be delegated to an officer employed in the Magistrates Court registry.
s 8A ins 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
amd 1995 No. 21s 107sch 2; 2013 No. 10s 193sch 1
Part 2
Governing principles
9
Sentencing guidelines
(1)
The only purposes for which sentences may be imposed on an offender are—
(a)
to punish the offender to an extent or in a way that is just in all the circumstances; or
(b)
to provide conditions in the court’s order that the court considers will help the offender to be rehabilitated; or
(c)
to deter the offender or other persons from committing the same or a similar offence; or
(ca)
to recognise the harm done by the offender to a victim of the offence; or
(d)
to make it clear that the community, acting through the court, denounces the sort of conduct in which the offender was involved; or
(e)
to protect the Queensland community from the offender; or
(f)
a combination of 2 or more of the purposes mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (e).
(2)
In sentencing an offender, a court must have regard to—
(a)
principles that—
(i)
a sentence of imprisonment should only be imposed as a last resort; and
(ii)
a sentence that allows the offender to stay in the community is preferable; and
(b)
the maximum and any minimum penalty prescribed for the offence; and
(c)
the nature of the offence and how serious the offence was, including—
(i)
any physical, mental or emotional harm done to a victim, including harm mentioned in information relating to the victim given to the court under section 179K; and
(ii)
the effect of the offence on any child under 16 years who may have been directly exposed to, or a witness to, the offence; and
(d)
the extent to which the offender is to blame for the offence; and
(e)
any damage, injury or loss caused by the offender; and
(f)
the offender’s character, antecedents, age and intellectual capacity; and
(fa)
the hardship that any sentence imposed would have on the offender, having regard to the offender’s characteristics, including age, disability, gender identity, parental status, race, religion, sex, sex characteristics and sexuality; and
(fb)
regardless of whether there are exceptional circumstances, the probable effect that any sentence imposed would have on—
(i)
a person with whom the offender is in a family relationship and for whom the offender is the primary caregiver; and
(ii)
a person with whom the offender is in an informal care relationship; and
(iii)
if the offender is pregnant—the child of the pregnancy; and
(g)
the presence of any aggravating or mitigating factor concerning the offender; and
(ga)
without limiting paragraph (g), whether the offender was a participant in a criminal organisation—
(i)
at the time the offence was committed; or
(ii)
at any time during the course of the commission of the offence; and
(gb)
without limiting paragraph (g), the following—
(i)
whether the offender is a victim of domestic violence;
(ii)
whether the commission of the offence is wholly or partly attributable to the effect of the domestic violence on the offender;
(iii)
the offender’s history of being abused or victimised; and
(h)
the prevalence of the offence; and
(i)
how much assistance the offender gave to law enforcement agencies in the investigation of the offence or other offences; and
(j)
time spent in custody by the offender for the offence before being sentenced; and
(k)
sentences imposed on, and served by, the offender in another State or a Territory for an offence committed at, or about the same time, as the offence with which the court is dealing; and
(l)
sentences already imposed on the offender that have not been served; and
(m)
sentences that the offender is liable to serve because of the revocation of orders made under this or another Act for contraventions of conditions by the offender; and
(n)
if the offender is the subject of a community based order—the offender’s compliance with the order as disclosed in an oral or written report given by an authorised corrective services officer; and
(o)
if the offender is on bail and is required under the offender’s undertaking to attend a rehabilitation, treatment or other intervention program or course—the offender’s successful completion of the program or course; and
(oa)
if the offender is an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person—any cultural considerations, including the effect of systemic disadvantage and intergenerational trauma on the offender; and
(p)
if the offender is an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person—any submissions made by a representative of the community justice group in the offender’s community that are relevant to sentencing the offender, including, for example—
(i)
the offender’s relationship to the offender’s community; or
(ii)
any cultural considerations, including the effect of systemic disadvantage and intergenerational trauma on the offender; or
(iii)
any considerations relating to programs and services established for offenders in which the community justice group participates; and
(pa)
the principle that the court should not refuse to make a community based order for the offender merely because of—
(i)
a physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender; or
(ii)
the offender’s sex, educational level or religious beliefs; and
(q)
anything else prescribed by this Act to which the court must have regard; and
(r)
any other relevant circumstance.
(2A)
However, the principles mentioned in subsection (2)(a) do not apply to the sentencing of an offender for any offence—
(a)
that involved the use of, or counselling or procuring the use of, or attempting or conspiring to use, violence against another person; or
(b)
that resulted in physical harm to another person.
(3)
In sentencing an offender to whom subsection (2A) applies, the court must have regard primarily to the following—
(a)
the risk of physical harm to any members of the community if a custodial sentence were not imposed;
(b)
the need to protect any members of the community from that risk;
(c)
the personal circumstances of any victim of the offence;
(d)
the circumstances of the offence, including the death of or any injury to a member of the public or any loss or damage resulting from the offence;
(e)
the nature or extent of the violence used, or intended to be used, in the commission of the offence;
(f)
any disregard by the offender for the interests of public safety;
(g)
the past record of the offender, including any attempted rehabilitation and the number of previous offences of any type committed;
(h)
the antecedents, age and character of the offender;
(i)
any remorse or lack of remorse of the offender;
(j)
any medical, psychiatric, prison or other relevant report in relation to the offender;
(k)
anything else about the safety of members of the community that the sentencing court considers relevant.
(3A)
Subsections (3B) to (3D)—
(a)
apply in sentencing an offender for an offence of a sexual nature if the offender is determined to be of good character; but
(b)
apply in relation to the offender’s good character only to the extent the good character is based on 1 or more of the following—
(i)
a character reference for the offender;
(ii)
the offender’s standing in the community;
(iii)
the offender’s contributions to the community.
(3B)
The court may treat the offender’s good character as a mitigating factor only if the good character is relevant to the court’s consideration of—
(a)
the offender’s prospects of rehabilitation; or
(b)
the risk of the offender reoffending.
(3C)
However, the court may decide not to treat the offender’s good character as a mitigating factor, having regard to the nature of the offence and how serious the offence was, including—
(a)
any physical, mental or emotional harm done to the victim of the offence; and
(b)
the vulnerability of the victim.
(3D)
If subsection (4) also applies in sentencing the offender, subsections (3B) and (3C) are subject to subsection (6A).
(4)
Also, in sentencing an offender for any offence of a sexual nature committed in relation to a child under 16 years or a child exploitation material offence—
(a)
the court must have regard to the sentencing practices, principles and guidelines applicable when the sentence is imposed rather than when the offence was committed; and
(b)
the principles mentioned in subsection (2)(a) do not apply; and
(c)
the offender must serve an actual term of imprisonment, unless there are exceptional circumstances.
(5)
For subsection (4)(c), in deciding whether there are exceptional circumstances, a court may have regard to the closeness in age between the offender and the child.
(6)
In sentencing an offender to whom subsection (4) applies, the court must have regard primarily to—
(a)
the effect of the offence on the child; and
(b)
the age of the child; and
(c)
the nature of the offence, including, for example, any physical harm or the threat of physical harm to the child or another; and
(d)
the need to protect the child, or other children, from the risk of the offender reoffending; and
(e)
any relationship between the offender and the child; and
(f)
the need to deter similar behaviour by other offenders to protect children; and
(g)
the prospects of rehabilitation including the availability of any medical or psychiatric treatment to cause the offender to behave in a way acceptable to the community; and
(h)
the offender’s antecedents, age and character; and
(i)
any remorse or lack of remorse of the offender; and
(j)
any medical, psychiatric, prison or other relevant report relating to the offender; and
(k)
anything else about the safety of children under 16 the sentencing court considers relevant.
(6A)
However, for subsection (6)(h), if the offender is determined to be of good character, the court must not treat the good character as a mitigating factor if it assisted the offender in committing the offence.
(7)
In sentencing an offender for a child exploitation material offence, the court must have regard primarily to—
(a)
for an offence other than an offence against the Criminal Code, section 228I or 228J—the nature of any material describing or depicting a child that the offence involved, including the apparent age of the child and any activity shown; and
(aa)
for an offence against the Criminal Code, section 228I or 228J—the nature of the doll, robot or other object representing or portraying a child that the offence involved, including the apparent age of the child; and
(ab)
the offender’s conduct or behaviour in relation to the material, doll, robot or other object that the offence involved; and
(ac)
any relationship between the offender and the child the subject of the material, or represented or portrayed by the doll, robot or other object, that the offence involved; and
(b)
the need to deter similar behaviour by other offenders to protect children; and
(c)
the prospects of rehabilitation including the availability of any medical or psychiatric treatment to cause the offender to behave in a way acceptable to the community; and
(d)
the offender’s antecedents, age and character; and
(e)
any remorse or lack of remorse of the offender; and
(f)
any medical, psychiatric, prison or other relevant report relating to the offender; and
(g)
anything else about the safety of children under 16 the sentencing court considers relevant.
(7AA)
However, for subsection (7)(d), if the offender is determined to be of good character, the court must not treat the good character as a mitigating factor if it assisted the offender in committing the offence.
(7A)
Also, the principles mentioned in subsection (2)(a) do not apply to the sentencing of an offender under part 9D, division 2.
(8)
If required by the court for subsection (2)(p), the representative must advise the court whether—
(a)
any member of the community justice group that is responsible for the submission is related to the offender or the victim; or
(b)
there are any circumstances that give rise to a conflict of interest between any member of the community justice group that is responsible for the submission and the offender or victim.
(9)
In sentencing an offender, a court must not have regard to the following—
(a)
the offender levy imposed under section 179C;
(b)
whether or not the offender—
(i)
may become, or is, the subject of a dangerous prisoners application; or
(ii)
may become subject to an order because of a dangerous prisoners application.
(9A)
Voluntary intoxication of an offender by alcohol or drugs is not a mitigating factor for a court to have regard to in sentencing the offender.
(9B)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of the manslaughter of a child under 12 years, the court must treat the child’s defencelessness and vulnerability, having regard to the child’s age, as an aggravating factor.
(9BA)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of an offence against the Criminal Code, section 349 or 352 committed against a child of 16 or 17 years, the court must treat the child’s age as an aggravating factor, unless the court considers it is not reasonable because of the exceptional circumstances of the case.
(9BB)
For subsection (9BA), in deciding whether there are exceptional circumstances, the court may have regard to the closeness in age between the offender and the child.
(9C)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of a relevant serious offence committed in relation to a pregnant person that resulted in destroying the life of the person’s unborn child, the court must treat the destruction of the unborn child’s life as an aggravating factor, unless the court considers it is not reasonable because of the exceptional circumstances of the case.
(10)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender who has 1 or more previous convictions, the court must treat each previous conviction as an aggravating factor if the court considers that it can reasonably be treated as such having regard to—
(a)
the nature of the previous conviction and its relevance to the current offence; and
(b)
the time that has elapsed since the conviction.
(10A)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of a domestic violence offence, the court must treat the fact that it is a domestic violence offence as an aggravating factor, unless the court considers it is not reasonable because of the exceptional circumstances of the case.
Examples of exceptional circumstances—
1
the victim of the offence has previously committed an act of serious domestic violence, or several acts of domestic violence, against the offender
2
the offence is manslaughter under the Criminal Code, section 304B
(10B)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender who is a victim of domestic violence, the court must treat as a mitigating factor—
(a)
the effect of the domestic violence on the offender, unless the court considers it is not reasonable to do so because of the exceptional circumstances of the case; and
(b)
if the commission of the offence is wholly or partly attributable to the effect of the domestic violence on the offender—the extent to which the commission of the offence is attributable to the effect of the violence.
(10C)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of a domestic violence offence that was committed against a child when the offender was an adult, the court must treat the fact that it is an offence against a child as an aggravating factor.
(10D)
In determining the appropriate sentence for an offender convicted of a domestic violence offence, the court must treat the fact that either of the following circumstances apply as an aggravating factor—
(a)
during the commission of the offence a child was exposed to domestic violence;
(b)
the offence committed was also—
(i)
a contravention of any of the following under the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012—
(A)
a domestic violence order;
(B)
a police protection notice;
(C)
release conditions;
(D)
an interstate order;
(E)
a New Zealand order; or
(ii)
a contravention of another order of a court or of an injunction.
(10E)
Subsection (10F) applies if—
(a)
the court is sentencing an offender to whom subsection (2A) applies; and
(b)
the offender committed the offence while the other person mentioned in subsection (2A) was performing, or because the person had performed, the functions of the person’s office or employment.
(10F)
In determining the appropriate sentence for the offender, the court must treat the fact that the offender committed the offence while the other person was performing, or because the person had performed, the functions of the person’s office or employment as an aggravating factor, unless the court considers it is not reasonable to do so because of the exceptional circumstances of the case.
(10G)
A reference in subsection (10E) or (10F) to a person performing the functions of the person’s office or employment includes a reference to a person performing work—
(a)
in a relationship of employment; or
(b)
under a contract for services; or
(c)
under an appointment; or
(d)
on a voluntary or unpaid basis.
(11)
Despite subsection (10), the sentence imposed must not be disproportionate to the gravity of the current offence.
(12)
In this section—
actual term of imprisonment means a term of imprisonment served wholly or partly in a corrective services facility.
child exploitation material offence means any of the following offences—
(a)
an offence against the Classification of Computer Games and Images Act 1995, section 28 if the objectionable computer game is a child abuse computer game under the Act;
(b)
an offence against any of the following provisions of the Classification of Films Act 1991—
(i)
section 41
(3) or 42(3) or (4);
(ii)
section 43 if the offence involves a child abuse publication under the Act;
(c)
an offence against the Criminal Code, section 228A, 228B, 228C, 228D, 228DA, 228DB, 228DC, 228I or 228J.
domestic violence see the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 8.
family relationship has the meaning given by the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 19.
informal care relationship has the meaning given by the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 20.
relevant serious offence means an offence against—
(a)
the following provisions of the Criminal Code—
(i)
sections 302 and 305;
(ii)
sections 303 and 310;
(iii)
section 320;
(iv)
section 323;
(v)
section 328A;
(vi)
section 339; and
(b)
the Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995, section 83.
s 9 amd 1997 No. 4s 6; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2000 No. 42s 4; 2002 No. 46s 40sch; 2003 No. 3s 28; 2004 No. 37s 86sch 1; 2004 No. 43s 69; 2007 No. 37s 126; 2007 No. 59s 138; 2008 No. 55s 136; 2009 No. 35s 211; 2010 No. 48s 5; 2010 No. 34s 34A; 2012 No. 17s 35; 2013 No. 31s 43; 2014 No. 9s 34; 2014 No. 42s 84; 2016 No. 16s 5; 2016 No. 38s 61; 2016 No. 62s 273; 2017 No. 17s 258sch 1; 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1; 2019 No. 15s 9; 2020 No. 15 s 163; 2020 No. 32s 53; 2023 No. 1s 80; 2023 No. 23s 165; 2024 No. 5s 83; 2024 No. 47s 70; 2024 No. 5s 86; 2025 No. 20s 12
10
Court’s reasons to be stated and recorded
(1)
If a court imposes a sentence of imprisonment, including a suspended sentence of imprisonment, it must—
(a)
state in open court its reasons for the sentence; and
(b)
cause the reasons to be—
(i)
recorded in the transcript that is to be kept in the registry with the indictment; or
(ii)
recorded in writing and kept in the office of the clerk of the court with the charge sheet; and
(c)
if the chief executive (corrective services) requests a copy of the reasons—cause a copy of the reasons to be forwarded to the chief executive (corrective services).
(2)
A sentence is not invalid merely because of the failure of the court to state its reasons as required by subsection (1)(a), but its failure to do so may be considered by an appeal court if an appeal against sentence is made.
(3)
The court need not comply with subsection (1)(b) if the reasons are recorded under the Recording of Evidence Act 1962.
s 10 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2024 No. 47s 71
11
Matters to be considered in determining offender’s character
(1)
In determining the character of an offender, a court may consider—
(a)
the number, seriousness, date, relevance and nature of any previous convictions of the offender; and
(b)
the history of domestic violence orders made or issued against the offender, other than orders made or issued when the offender was a child; and
(c)
any significant contributions made to the community by the offender; and
(d)
such other matters as the court considers are relevant.
(2)
If oral submissions are to be made to, or evidence is to be brought before, the court about the history of domestic violence orders made or issued against the offender, the sentencing judge or magistrate may close the court for that purpose.
(3)
In this section—
domestic violence order means—
(a)
any of the following under the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012—
(i)
a domestic violence order;
(ii)
a police protection direction;
(iii)
a police protection notice;
(iv)
an interstate order;
(v)
an order that corresponds to an interstate order made under a repealed law of another State;
(vi)
a New Zealand order; or
(b)
a domestic violence order under the repealed Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 1989.
s 11 amd 2023 No. 1s 81; 2025 No. 18s 61
12
Court to consider whether or not to record conviction
(1)
A court may exercise a discretion to record or not record a conviction as provided by this Act.
(2)
In considering whether or not to record a conviction, a court must have regard to all circumstances of the case, including—
(a)
the nature of the offence; and
(b)
the offender’s character and age; and
(c)
the impact that recording a conviction will have on the offender’s—
(i)
economic or social wellbeing; or
(ii)
chances of finding employment.
(3)
Except as otherwise expressly provided by this or another Act—
(a)
a conviction without recording the conviction is taken not to be a conviction for any purpose; and
(b)
the conviction must not be entered in any records except—
(i)
in the records of the court before which the offender was convicted; and
(ii)
in the offender’s criminal history but only for the purposes of subsection (4)(b).
(3A)
Despite subsection (3)(b), the conviction may be entered in a record kept by a department, a prosecuting authority or the offender’s legal representative if it is necessary for the legitimate performance of the functions of the department, prosecuting authority or legal representative.
(4)
A conviction without the recording of a conviction—
(a)
does not stop a court from making any other order that it may make under this or another Act because of the conviction; and
(b)
has the same result as if a conviction had been recorded for the purposes of—
(i)
appeals against sentence; and
(ii)
proceedings for variation or contravention of sentence; and
(iii)
proceedings against the offender for a subsequent offence; and
(iv)
subsequent proceedings against the offender for the same offence.
(5)
If the offender is convicted of a subsequent offence, the court sentencing the offender may disregard a conviction that was ordered not to be recorded but which, under subsection (3)(b)(ii), is entered in the offender’s criminal history.
(6)
If—
(a)
a court—
(i)
convicts an offender of an offence; and
(ii)
does not record a conviction; and
(iii)
makes a probation order or community service order for the offender; and
(b)
the offender is subsequently dealt with by a court for the same offence in any way in which it could deal with the offender if the offender had just been convicted by or before it of the offence;
the conviction for the offence must be recorded by the second court.
(7)
Despite subsection (6), the second court is not required to record the conviction for the offence if—
(a)
the offender is the subject of a community service order or probation order; and
(b)
the reason the court is dealing with the offender for the same offence is because the offender has applied for a revocation of the community service order or probation order; and
(c)
the offender has not breached the community service order or probation order.
s 12 amd 2007 No. 37s 127; 2008 No. 59s 95
12A
Convictions for offences relating to domestic violence
(1)
Subsections (2) to (4) apply if—
(a)
a complaint or an indictment for a charge for an offence states the offence is also 1 of the following offences (each a relevant domestic violence offence)—
(i)
a domestic violence offence;
(ii)
a domestic violence offence committed against a child;
(iii)
a domestic violence offence that exposed a child to domestic violence; and
(b)
the offender is convicted of the offence.
(2)
If a conviction is recorded in relation to the offence, it must also be recorded as a conviction for a relevant domestic violence offence.
Example—
An indictment for a charge for an offence states the offence is also a domestic violence offence committed against a child. The offender is convicted of the offence. If a conviction is recorded in relation to the offence, it must also be recorded as a conviction for ‘a domestic violence offence committed against a child’.
(3)
If no conviction is recorded in relation to the offence, the offence must be entered in the offender’s criminal history as a relevant domestic violence offence.
(4)
However, a matter must not be recorded or entered under subsection (2) or (3) in relation to the offence if the court makes an order to the effect it is not satisfied the offence is also a relevant domestic violence offence.
Note—
See the Evidence Act 1977, section 132C, which provides for the sentencing judge or magistrate in any sentencing procedure in a criminal proceeding to act on allegations of fact.
(5)
If a court convicts an offender of an offence for which a matter must be recorded or entered under subsection (2) or (3) or of an offence against the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, part 7, the prosecution may apply to the court for an order that an offence, stated in the application, of which the offender has previously been convicted (a previous offence)—
(a)
for a previous offence for which a conviction was recorded—also be recorded as a conviction for a relevant domestic violence offence; or
(b)
otherwise—be entered in the offender’s criminal history as a relevant domestic violence offence.
(6)
The application—
(a)
may be made in writing or orally; and
(b)
must include enough information to allow the court to make a decision about whether it is appropriate to make the order.
(7)
The court may ask the prosecutor for further information for it to decide whether to make an order under subsection (8).
(8)
If, after considering the application, the court is satisfied a previous offence is a relevant domestic violence offence, the court must order that the offence—
(a)
for a previous offence for which a conviction was recorded—also be recorded as a conviction for a relevant domestic violence offence; or
(b)
otherwise—be entered in the offender’s criminal history as a relevant domestic violence offence.
(9)
Each of the following persons is not compellable as a witness in proceedings before the court to decide the application—
(a)
a person against whom the relevant domestic violence offence was committed;
(b)
for a relevant domestic violence offence that exposed a child to domestic violence—the child.
(10)
If a court is satisfied an error has been made in recording or entering an offence as a relevant domestic violence offence, the court may, on an application or its own initiative, correct the error.
(11)
For this section, proof that an offence is a relevant domestic violence offence lies on the prosecutor.
(12)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that this section does not require a matter to be recorded or entered in an offender’s traffic history under the Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995.
s 12A ins 2015 No. 17s 18
amd 2017 No. 17s 189; 2024 No. 5s 87
13
Guilty plea to be taken into account
(1)
In imposing a sentence on an offender who has pleaded guilty to an offence, a court—
(a)
must take the guilty plea into account; and
(b)
may reduce the sentence that it would have imposed had the offender not pleaded guilty.
(2)
A reduction under subsection (1)(b) may be made having regard to the time at which the offender—
(a)
pleaded guilty; or
(b)
informed the relevant law enforcement agency of his or her intention to plead guilty.
(3)
When imposing the sentence, the court must state in open court that it took account of the guilty plea in determining the sentence imposed.
(4)
A court that does not, under subsection (2), reduce the sentence imposed on an offender who pleaded guilty must state in open court—
(a)
that fact; and
(b)
its reasons for not reducing the sentence.
(5)
A sentence is not invalid merely because of the failure of the court to make the statement mentioned in subsection (4), but its failure to do so may be considered by an appeal court if an appeal against sentence is made.
13A
Cooperation with law enforcement authorities to be taken into account—undertaking to cooperate
(1)
This section applies for a sentence that is to be reduced by the sentencing court because the offender has undertaken to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in a proceeding about an offence, including a confiscation proceeding.
(2)
Before the sentencing proceeding starts, a party to the proceeding—
(a)
must advise the relevant officer—
(i)
that the offender has undertaken to cooperate with law enforcement agencies; and
(ii)
that written or oral submissions or evidence will be made or brought before the court relevant on that account to the reduction of sentence; and
(b)
may give to the relevant officer copies of any proposed written submissions mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii).
(3)
After the offender is invited to address the court—
(a)
the offender’s written undertaking to cooperate with law enforcement agencies must be handed up to the court; and
(b)
any party may hand up to the court written submissions relevant to the reduction of sentence.
(4)
The undertaking must be in an unsealed envelope addressed to the sentencing judge or magistrate.
(5)
If oral submissions are to be made to, or evidence is to be brought before, the court relevant to the reduction of sentence, the court must be closed for that purpose.
(6)
The penalty imposed on the offender must be stated in open court.
(7)
After the imposition of the penalty, the sentencing judge or magistrate must—
(a)
close the court; and
(b)
state in closed court—
(i)
that the sentence is being reduced under this section; and
(ii)
the sentence it would otherwise have imposed; and
(c)
cause the following to be sealed and placed on the court file with an order that it may be opened only by an order of the court, including on an application to reopen the sentencing proceedings under section 188(2)—
(i)
the written undertaking;
(ii)
a record of evidence or submissions made relevant to the reduction of sentence and the sentencing remarks made under paragraph (b).
(8)
The sentencing judge or magistrate may make an order prohibiting publication of all or part of the proceeding or the name and address of any witness on his or her own initiative or on application.
(9)
In deciding whether to make an order under subsection (8), the judge or magistrate may have regard to—
(a)
the safety of any person; and
(b)
the extent to which the detection of offences of a similar nature may be affected; and
(c)
the need to guarantee the confidentiality of information given by an informer.
(10)
A person who contravenes an order made under subsection (8) commits an offence.
Maximum penalty—
(a)
for an order made by a judge—5 years imprisonment; or
(b)
for an order made by a magistrate—3 years imprisonment.
(11)
In this section—
relevant officer means—
(a)
for a proceeding before the Supreme or District Court—the sentencing judge’s associate; or
(b)
for a proceeding before a Magistrates Court—the relevant clerk of the court.
s 13A ins 1997 No. 3s 122sch 2
amd 1999 No. 66s 30; 2007 No. 37s 125sch; 2014 No. 39s 65
13B
Cooperation with law enforcement authorities to be taken into account—cooperation given
(1)
This section applies for a sentence if—
(a)
the sentence is to be reduced by the sentencing court because the offender has significantly cooperated with a law enforcement agency in its investigations about an offence or a confiscation proceeding; and
(b)
section 13A does not apply for the sentence.
(2)
For subsection (1), an offender has not significantly cooperated with a law enforcement agency in its investigations about an offence only because the offender has admitted guilt for the offence.
(3)
Before the sentencing proceeding starts, a party to the proceeding—
(a)
must advise the relevant officer—
(i)
that the offender has significantly cooperated with a law enforcement agency; and
(ii)
that written or oral submissions or evidence will be made or brought before the court relevant on that account to the reduction of sentence; and
(b)
may give the relevant officer copies of any proposed written submissions mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii).
(4)
After the offender is invited to address the court—
(a)
an affidavit, provided by a person representing the law enforcement agency, must be handed up to the court; and
(b)
any party may hand up to the court written submissions relevant to the reduction of sentence.
(5)
The affidavit must—
(a)
state the nature, extent and usefulness of the cooperation given to the law enforcement agency by the offender; and
(b)
be in an unsealed envelope addressed to the sentencing judge or magistrate.
(6)
If oral submissions are to be made to, or evidence is to be brought before, the court about the cooperation or the reduction of sentence, the court must be closed for that purpose.
(7)
The penalty imposed on the offender must be stated in open court.
(8)
After the imposition of the penalty, the sentencing judge or magistrate must cause the following to be sealed and placed on the court file with an order that it may be opened only by an order of the court—
(a)
the affidavit;
(b)
a record of evidence or submissions made relevant to the reduction of sentence;
(c)
a record of the sentencing remarks relevant to the reduction of sentence, as opposed to the sentence imposed.
(9)
The sentencing judge or magistrate may make an order prohibiting publication of all or part of the proceeding or the name and address of any witness on his or her own initiative or on application.
(10)
In deciding whether to make an order under subsection (9), the judge or magistrate may have regard to—
(a)
the safety of any person; and
(b)
the extent to which the detection of offences of a similar nature may be affected; and
(c)
the need to guarantee the confidentiality of information given by an informer.
(11)
A person who contravenes an order made under subsection (9) commits an offence.
Maximum penalty—
(a)
for an order made by a judge—5 years imprisonment; or
(b)
for an order made by a magistrate—3 years imprisonment.
(12)
In this section—
relevant officer means—
(a)
for a proceeding before the Supreme or District Court—the sentencing judge’s associate; or
(b)
for a proceeding before a Magistrates Court—the relevant clerk of the court.
s 13B ins 2014 No. 39s 66
14
Preference must be given to compensation for victims
If a court considers—
(a)
that it is appropriate—
(i)
to make an order for compensation (whether under this or another Act); and
(ii)
to impose a fine or make another order for payment of an amount of money; and
(b)
that the offender can not pay both the compensation and the fine or amount;
the court must give preference to making an order for compensation, but may also impose a sentence other than that of imprisonment.
15
Information or submissions for sentence
(1)
In imposing a sentence on an offender, a court may receive any information, including a report mentioned in the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 344, or a sentencing submission made by a party to the proceedings, that it considers appropriate to enable it to impose the proper sentence.
(1A)
Also, without limiting subsection (1), in imposing a sentence on an offender, a court may receive any information, or a sentencing submission made by a party to the proceedings, that the court considers appropriate to enable it to decide—
(a)
whether it may make a control order for the offender under part 9D, division 3; or
(b)
the appropriate conditions of a control order it must, or may, make for the offender under part 9D, division 3.
(2)
An authorised corrective services officer must not, in any information or report, recommend that a fine option order or community based order should not be made for an offender merely because of—
(a)
any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender; or
(b)
the offender’s sex, educational level or religious beliefs.
(3)
In this section—
sentencing submission, made by a party, means a submission stating the sentence, or range of sentences, the party considers appropriate for the court to impose.
s 15 amd 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2004 No. 43s 70; 2006 No. 29s 486; 2016 No. 16s 6; 2016 No. 62s 274
15A
Audiovisual link or audio link may be used to sentence
(1)
The court may allow anything that must or may be done in relation to the sentencing of an offender to be done over an audiovisual link or audio link, if the court considers use of the link is in the interests of justice.
(2)
However, the court may not make an order under subsection (1) if facilities mentioned in subsection (5)(a) are not available at the court or the place where the offender is present.
(3)
For subsection (1), in deciding whether use of an audio link is in the interests of justice, the court must have regard to the desirability of sentencing an offender over an audiovisual link, rather than an audio link, if an audiovisual link is available.
(4)
For sections 10(1) and 13(3) or (4), anything done, for an offender’s sentencing, over an audiovisual link or audio link between the offender and the court sitting in open court is taken to be done in open court.
(5)
If an offender is sentenced over an audiovisual link or audio link and the offender’s representative in the proceeding is at the place where the court is sitting—
(a)
the court and the place where the offender is present must make facilities available for private communication between the offender and the offender’s representative; and
(b)
a communication between the offender and the offender’s representative is as confidential and inadmissible in any proceeding as it would be if it took place between the offender and the offender’s representative while in each other’s presence.
(6)
Subsection (5)
(b) does not limit any other protection applying to the communication.
(7)
The provisions of the Evidence Act 1977 relating to the use of an audiovisual link or audio link in criminal proceedings apply for, and are not limited by, subsection (1).
s 15A ins 1999 No. 65s 10
amd 2013 No. 64s 120
Part 2A
Guideline judgments
pt 2A hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AA
Definitions for pt 2A
In this part—
Attorney-General includes the nominee of the Attorney-General.
chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland includes the nominee of the chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland.
court means the Court of Appeal.
director of public prosecutions includes the nominee of the director of public prosecutions.
guideline judgment ...
s 15AA def guideline judgment om 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act means a guideline judgment to the extent it relates to an offence under a Commonwealth Act.
guideline proceeding means—
(a)
that part of a proceeding relating to the giving or review of a guideline judgment under section 15AD; or
(b)
a proceeding, or part of a proceeding, under section 15AE on an application for the giving or review of a guideline judgment under that section.
review, a guideline judgment, means—
(a)
confirm the guideline judgment; or
(b)
vary the guideline judgment; or
(c)
revoke the guideline judgment; or
(d)
substitute a new guideline judgment for the guideline judgment.
s 15AA ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AB
Powers of court to give or review guideline judgments
(1)
The court may give or review a guideline judgment—
(a)
on its own initiative under section 15AD; or
(b)
on an application under section 15AE.
(2)
However—
(a)
a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act may be given or reviewed only in a proceeding where the guideline judgment relates to a matter in the proceeding; and
(b)
the court must comply with section 15AC.
s 15AB ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AC
Limitations for guideline judgments
(1)
A guideline judgment, other than a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act, must be consistent with Queensland law.
(2)
A guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act must—
(a)
be consistent with Commonwealth law; and
(b)
set out non-binding considerations to guide the future exercise of discretion and not purport to establish a rule of binding effect; and
(c)
articulate principles to underpin the determination of a particular sentence and not state the expected decisions in a future proceeding.
s 15AC ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AD
Guideline judgments on own initiative
(1)
The court may, on its own initiative—
(a)
give or review a guideline judgment, other than a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act, in a proceeding and whether or not the court considers giving or reviewing the guideline judgment is necessary for the purpose of determining the proceeding; and
(b)
pronounce the guideline judgment separately or by inclusion in any judgment the court considers appropriate.
(2)
The court may, on its own initiative—
(a)
give or review a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act in a proceeding and only if the court considers giving or reviewing the guideline judgment is necessary for the purpose of determining the proceeding; and
(b)
pronounce the guideline judgment only by inclusion in the judgment for the proceeding.
s 15AD ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AE
Guideline judgments on application
(1)
The following persons may apply to the court for a guideline judgment to be given or reviewed—
(a)
the Attorney-General;
(b)
the director of public prosecutions;
(c)
the chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland.
(2)
For subsection (1), the application is not required to be an application in a proceeding.
(3)
Also, on an appeal after a person is convicted, the person may apply to the court for review of a guideline judgment to the extent it contains a guideline that is relevant in the circumstances.
(4)
The application may include submissions in support of the application.
(5)
The court may, on an application under this section—
(a)
give or review a guideline judgment, other than a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act, whether or not this is necessary for the purpose of determining a proceeding; and
(b)
pronounce the guideline judgment separately or by inclusion in any judgment the court considers appropriate.
(6)
The court may, on an application under this section—
(a)
give or review a guideline judgment for an offence under a Commonwealth Act only if the court considers giving or reviewing the guideline judgment is necessary for the purpose of determining a proceeding in relation to the offence; and
(b)
pronounce the guideline judgment only by inclusion in the judgment for the proceeding.
s 15AE ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AF
Right of appearance in a guideline proceeding
(1)
The following persons may appear in a guideline proceeding—
(a)
the Attorney-General;
(b)
the director of public prosecutions;
(c)
the chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland.
(2)
Also, for a guideline proceeding in which the court is giving or reviewing a guideline judgment relevant to an appeal before the court against the sentence of a convicted person, the convicted person may appear in the guideline proceeding.
(3)
Without limiting subsection (1) or (2), a person who may appear under subsection (1) or (2) may—
(a)
oppose or support the giving or reviewing of the guideline judgment by the court; and
(b)
make submissions in relation to the framing of the guidelines to be contained in the guideline judgment; and
(c)
inform the court of any relevant pending appeal against sentence; and
(d)
assist the court in relation to any relevant matter.
s 15AF ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AG
Powers of Attorney-General or director of public prosecutions
(1)
Nothing in the Director of Public Prosecutions Act 1984 or any Act or law prevents, or in any way limits, the exercise of a power conferred on the director of public prosecutions under section 15AE or 15AF.
(2)
Without limiting subsection (1), in exercising a power conferred on the director of public prosecutions under this section, the director is not, despite the Director of Public Prosecutions Act 1984, section 10, responsible to, or subject to the direction of, the Attorney-General.
(3)
Nothing in any Act or law prevents, or in any way limits, the performance of a function conferred on the Attorney-General under section 15AE or 15AF.
s 15AG ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AH
Relevant considerations before giving or reviewing guideline judgment
If the court is considering giving or reviewing a guideline judgment, the court must consider—
(a)
the need to promote consistency of approach in sentencing offenders; and
(b)
the need to promote public confidence in the criminal justice system.
s 15AH ins 2010 No. 48s 6
sub 2012 No. 19s 13
15AI
Procedural requirements if court decides to give or review guideline judgment
(1)
This section applies if the court decides to give or review a guideline judgment.
(2)
The court must—
(a)
for any guideline proceeding—notify the following persons of their right to appear before the court in the guideline proceeding—
(i)
the Attorney-General;
(ii)
the director of public prosecutions;
(iii)
the chief executive officer of Legal Aid Queensland; and
(b)
if the court is giving or reviewing a guideline judgment relevant to an appeal before the court against the sentence of a convicted person—notify the convicted person.
s 15AI ins 2010 No. 48s 6
amd 2012 No. 19s 14
15AJ
Discretion of court preserved
(1)
Nothing in this part—
(a)
limits any power or jurisdiction of the court to give or review a judgment providing guidance on matters relating to sentencing that the court has apart from this part; or
(b)
requires the court to give or review a guideline judgment if it considers giving or reviewing a guideline judgment inappropriate.
(2)
If, on an application under section 15AE, the court decides not to give or review a guideline judgment, the court must give reasons for its decision.
s 15AJ ins 2010 No. 48s 6
15AK
Use of evidence in giving or reviewing guideline judgments
Nothing in the Criminal Code, section 671B limits the evidence or other matters the court may take into consideration in giving or reviewing a guideline judgment and the court may inform itself in the way it considers appropriate.
Example of matter court may consider—
any written views of the council about giving or reviewing a guideline judgment
s 15AK ins 2010 No. 48s 6
amd 2016 No. 31s 4
15AL
Relationship between guideline judgments and other sentencing matters
A guideline in a guideline judgment—
(a)
is additional to anything else required under part 2; and
(b)
does not limit or otherwise affect any requirement under that part.
s 15AL ins 2010 No. 48s 6
Part 3
Releases, restitution and compensation
Division 1
Orders to release certain offenders
Subdivision 1
Interpretation
pt 3 div 1 sdiv 1 hdg ins 2002 No. 59s 7
15B
Definitions for div 1
In this division—
approved provider see section 15F.
attend, for a drug assessment and education session, means attend all of the session.
DAAR condition see section 19(2B).
s 15B def DAAR condition ins 2016 No. 4s 69(1)
disqualifying offence see section 15E.
drug assessment and education session, for an offender, means a single session provided by an approved provider involving assessment of the offender’s drug use, drug education and identification of any appropriate treatment options for the offender.
s 15B def drug assessment and education session amd 2016 No. 4s 69(2)
drug diversion condition see section 19(2A).
drug diversion court means a court prescribed under a regulation for this definition.
eligible drug offence see section 15D.
eligible drug offender see section 15C.
s 15B ins 2002 No. 59s 7
15C
Meaning of eligible drug offender
(1)
An eligible drug offender is a person charged with an eligible drug offence who has pleaded guilty to the offence.
(2)
The person is not an eligible drug offender if—
(a)
a charge against the person for a disqualifying offence is pending in a court; or
(b)
the person has, at any time, been convicted of a disqualifying offence; or
(c)
2 diversion alternatives have previously been given to the person.
(3)
For subsection (2)(b), a conviction of a disqualifying offence does not include a conviction in relation to which the rehabilitation period has expired, and not been revived, under the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986.
(4)
For subsection (2)(c)—
(a)
a diversion alternative has been given to the person if—
(i)
a court has made an order in relation to the person under section 19(1)(b) that includes a drug diversion condition; or
(ii)
the offender has, at any time, agreed to an offer under the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 379AA to participate in a drug diversion assessment program; or
(iii)
the person has been given a prescribed diversion alternative under a law of another State or the Commonwealth; and
(b)
for counting the number of diversion alternatives given to the person, a diversion alternative—
(i)
is counted even if it was given for an offence committed before the diversion alternative counted as the first diversion alternative was given; and
(ii)
is not counted if it was given on the same day as the diversion alternative counted as the first diversion alternative was given.
(5)
In this section—
conviction see the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986, section 3.
prescribed diversion alternative means circumstances prescribed under a regulation for this definition that are similar to the circumstances mentioned in subsection (4)(a)(i) or (ii).
rehabilitation period see the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986, section 3.
revived see the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986, section 3.
s 15C ins 2002 No. 59s 7
amd 2000 No. 5s 810sch 4 (amd 2006 No. 26ss 84, 86); 2017 No. 41s 33; 2023 No. 11s 13
15D
Meaning of eligible drug offence
(1)
An eligible drug offence is—
(a)
an offence by a person against the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 9 of unlawfully having possession of a dangerous drug if—
(i)
each dangerous drug mentioned in the charge for the offence is a prescribed dangerous drug; and
(ii)
for each dangerous drug mentioned in the charge, the total quantity of the substances, preparations, solutions and admixtures in the person’s possession containing the dangerous drug is not more than the prescribed quantity in relation to the dangerous drug; and
Example—
Assume the charge mentioned prescribed drugs X and Y. The prescribed quantity in relation to X is 1.0g and the prescribed quantity in relation to Y is 0.2g. The person had—
•
0.2g of a preparation containing X and Y; and
•
0.7g of a preparation containing X; and
•
0.1g of an admixture containing Y.
The total quantity of the preparations in the person’s possession containing X is 0.9g (0.2 + 0.7) which is not more than the prescribed quantity in relation to X (1.0g).
The total quantity of the preparation and admixture in the person’s possession containing Y is 0.3g (0.2 + 0.1) which is more than the prescribed quantity in relation to Y (0.2g).
Subsection (1)
(a)
(ii) is not satisfied.
(iii)
the court considers each dangerous drug mentioned in the charge was for the person’s personal use; or
(b)
an offence against the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 10(1), if the court considers the possession of each thing mentioned in the charge was related to its personal use by the person in connection with the commission of the offence; or
(c)
an offence against the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 10(2), (4) or (4A).
(2)
In this section—
dangerous drug see the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 4.
prescribed dangerous drug means a dangerous drug prescribed under a regulation for this definition.
prescribed quantity means a quantity prescribed under a regulation for this definition.
s 15D ins 2002 No. 59s 7
amd 2007 No. 37s 128; 2010 No. 42s 162
15E
Meaning of disqualifying offence
(1)
A disqualifying offence is—
(a)
an offence of a sexual nature; or
(b)
an offence against the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 5, 6, 8 or 9, other than an offence dealt with, or to be dealt with, summarily; or
(c)
an indictable offence involving violence against another person, other than an offence charged under any of the following provisions of the Criminal Code—
•
section 335
•
section 340
(1)
(a), but only if the offence is the assault of another with intent to resist or prevent the lawful arrest or detention of the person or of any other person
•
section 340
(1)
(b).
Note—
Under the Acts Interpretation Act 1954, schedule 1—
indictable offence includes an act or omission committed outside Queensland that would be an indictable offence if it were committed in Queensland.
(2)
A reference to a provision in subsection (1) or (4) includes a reference to a law of another State or the Commonwealth that corresponds to the provision.
(3)
A reference in subsection (1)(c) to an indictable offence includes a reference to an indictable offence dealt with summarily.
(4)
In this section—
offence of a sexual nature means an offence defined in the Criminal Code, section 210, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 222, 227, 228, 229B, 323A, 323B, 363A or chapter 32.
s 15E ins 2002 No. 59s 7
amd 2007 No. 37s 125sch; 2008 No. 55s 137; 2013 No. 39s 111sch 4; 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1
15F
Meaning of approved provider
(1)
An approved provider is an entity approved by the chief executive (health) by gazette notice to provide drug assessment and education sessions.
(2)
In this section—
chief executive (health) means the chief executive of the department in which the Medicines and Poisons Act 2019 is administered.
s 15F ins 2002 No. 59s 7
amd 2019 No. 26s 290sch 2
Subdivision 2
Orders
pt 3 div 1 sdiv 2 hdg ins 2002 No. 59s 7
16
Court may make order under this division if it does not record conviction
Subject to section 20(2), if a court makes an order under section 19, it must not record a conviction.
17
Making of order
(1)
If a court considers that it is appropriate that no punishment or only a nominal punishment should be imposed on an offender, the court may make an order under section 19.
(2)
Despite subsection (1), a drug diversion court may make an order under section 19(1)(b) that includes a drug diversion condition if the matters mentioned in section 19(2A)(b) and (c) are satisfied.
s 17 amd 2002 No. 59s 8
18
Matters to which court must have regard
Before making an order under section 19, the court must have regard to—
(a)
the offender’s character, age, health and mental condition; and
(b)
the nature of the offence; and
(c)
circumstances (if any) under which the offence was committed that make the offence less serious than what it would be if it had been committed under other circumstances; and
(d)
anything else to which the court considers it proper to have regard.
19
Order of court
(1)
The court may make an order—
(a)
releasing the offender absolutely; or
(b)
that the offender be released if the offender enters into a recognisance, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court considers appropriate, on the conditions that the offender must—
(i)
be of good behaviour; and
(ii)
appear for conviction and sentence if called on at any time during such period (not longer than 3 years) as is stated in the order.
(2)
In making an order under subsection (1)(b), the court may impose any additional conditions that it considers appropriate.
(2A)
Without limiting subsection (2), the court may impose a condition that the offender must participate in a drug assessment and education session by a stated date (a drug diversion condition) if—
(a)
the court is a drug diversion court; and
(b)
the offender is an eligible drug offender; and
(c)
the offender consents to participating in a drug assessment and education session.
(2B)
Also, without limiting subsection (2) or (2A), if the offender consents to completing a DAAR course, the court may impose a condition (a DAAR condition) that the offender complete a DAAR course by a stated day.
(3)
If a court makes an order under subsection (1), the court may also make any other order for payment of compensation or restitution that the court could have made had the offender been convicted.
(4)
In this section—
DAAR course see the Bail Act 1980, section 11AB(6).
Note—
DAAR stands for Drug and Alcohol Assessment Referral. See the Bail Act 1980, section 11AB(6), definition DAAR.
s 19 amd 2002 No. 59s 9; 2016 No. 4s 70; 2017 No. 41s 34
20
Contravention of order
(1)
If a court that makes an order under section 19(1)(b), or a court of like jurisdiction, is satisfied that the offender has contravened a condition of the offender’s recognisance, the court may—
(a)
forfeit the recognisance; and
(b)
issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest and bring the offender before the court.
(1A)
Also, without limiting subsection (1), if the offender contravenes a relevant condition of the offender’s recognisance, the proper officer of the court may bring the offender back before the court by giving notice to the offender that the proceeding for the offence is to be heard by the court on a stated day.
(2)
When the offender appears before the court, whether under the warrant issued under subsection (1)(b) or under a notice given under subsection (1A), the court may—
(a)
record a conviction and sentence the offender for the offence with which the offender was originally charged; or
(b)
make any other order that the court could have made;
as if the offender had not been released on recognisance.
(3)
In this section—
relevant condition means—
(a)
a drug diversion condition; or
(b)
a DAAR condition.
s 20 amd 2008 No. 55s 138; 2016 No. 4s 71
21
Termination of recognisance
A recognisance entered into under this division is terminated—
(a)
at the end of its period; or
(b)
if it is forfeited under section 20(1)(a); or
(c)
if the offender appears before the court under section 20(2); or
(d)
if a court orders that it is terminated;
whichever is the first to happen.
s 21 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
Division 2
Recognisances for property related offences
22
Court may make order under this division if it does not record conviction
Subject to section 27(2), if a court acts under this division, it must not record a conviction.
23
When court may act under this division
If an offender is convicted of an offence relating to property and the court considers it appropriate to do so, the court may act under this division.
24
Adjournment and release of offender if recognisance entered into
(1)
A court may—
(a)
adjourn the sentencing of the offender to a time and place ordered by the court; and
(b)
release the offender if the offender enters into a recognisance, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court considers appropriate, on the condition that the offender must appear before the court—
(i)
to be sentenced at the time and place ordered by the court; or
(ii)
if called on before the time ordered by the court for the purposes of section 25.
(2)
The adjournment under subsection (1)(a) must not be longer than 6 months after the offender is convicted.
25
Offender may be called on to do certain things
The offender may be called on with a view to the offender taking steps to—
(a)
restore property, to which the offence relates, to the person aggrieved by the offence; or
(b)
reinstate property to the satisfaction of the court or the person aggrieved by the offence; or
(c)
compensate the person aggrieved by the offence for damage caused to the person’s property; or
(d)
comply in all respects with any other order the court may make.
26
Offender may be called on for sentence
(1)
If it is made to appear to the court that convicted the offender, or a court of like jurisdiction, that the offender should be called on to appear and be sentenced for the relevant offence before the time ordered under section 24(1)(a), the court may direct that the offender be called on to appear to be sentenced at a time and place ordered by the court.
(2)
In sentencing the offender, the court may have regard to whether the offender has taken the steps mentioned in section 25 that are appropriate to the offender’s case.
27
Offender failing to appear under recognisance or when called
(1)
If the offender—
(a)
fails to appear at the time and place ordered under section 24(1)(a); or
(b)
is called on under section 24(1)(b)(ii) or 26(1) and fails to appear at the time and place called on or ordered by the court;
the court, or a court of like jurisdiction, may—
(c)
forfeit the recognisance; and
(d)
issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest and bring the offender before the court.
(2)
When the offender appears before the court that issued the warrant under subsection (1)(d), the court may—
(a)
record a conviction and sentence the offender for the offence for which the offender was originally charged; or
(b)
make any other order that the court could have made;
as if the offender had not been released on recognisance.
28
Termination of recognisance
A recognisance entered into under this division is terminated if the offender—
(a)
appears at the time and place ordered under section 24(1)(a); or
(b)
is called on under section 24(1)(b)(ii) or 26(1);
whichever is the first to happen.
s 28 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
Division 3
Release on entering into recognisance
29
Court may act under this division whether or not it records conviction
A court may act under this division whether or not it records a conviction.
30
Recognisance—conviction on indictment
(1)
An offender convicted on indictment may, in addition to, or instead of, any sentence to which the offender is liable, be ordered—
(a)
to be released if the offender enters into a recognisance, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court considers appropriate, conditioned that the offender keep the peace and be of good behaviour for a period fixed by the court; and
(b)
to be imprisoned until the recognisance mentioned in paragraph (a) is entered into.
(2)
Imprisonment ordered under subsection (1)(b)—
(a)
must not be longer than 1 year; and
(b)
together with any other imprisonment that is ordered for the offence, must not be longer than the longest term of imprisonment for which the offender might be sentenced to be imprisoned without fine.
31
Recognisance—summary conviction
An offender convicted summarily may, instead of being sentenced to punishment to which the offender is liable, be released if the offender enters into a recognisance, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court considers appropriate, on the conditions that the offender keep the peace and be of good behaviour for a period (not longer than 1 year) fixed by the court.
32
Recognisance instead of imposing any other sentence
(1)
Subject to section 98, if an offender is convicted, the court may, instead of imposing another sentence, release the offender if the offender enters into a recognisance, with or without sureties, in such amount as the court considers appropriate, on the conditions that—
(a)
the offender must appear before the court to be sentenced at a future sittings of the court or if called on within a period stated by the court; and
(b)
the offender must in the meantime keep the peace and be of good behaviour.
(2)
In making an order under subsection (1), the court may impose any additional conditions that it considers appropriate.
s 32 amd 2010 No. 42s 163
33
Termination of recognisance
A recognisance entered into under this division is terminated—
(a)
at the end of its period; or
(b)
if the offender keeps the peace and is of good behaviour for the period fixed by the court; or
(c)
if required by the recognisance, the offender appears as required by the recognisance to be sentenced; or
(d)
if the offender fails to appear as required by section 32(1)(a).
s 33 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
33A
Failing to obey condition of recognisance
(1)
If the court is satisfied that the offender has failed to obey a condition of the recognisance, the court may forfeit the recognisance and issue a warrant to arrest the offender.
(2)
The warrant is to be directed to all police officers to arrest and bring the offender before the court or a court of like jurisdiction.
(3)
The court before which the offender is brought may—
(a)
sentence the offender for the offence with which the offender was originally charged; or
(b)
make another order that the court could lawfully have made if the offender had not been released on recognisance.
s 33A ins 1993 No. 36s 3
Division 3AA
Offenders failing to enter into recognisances before leaving court
pt 3 div 3AA hdg ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AA
Application of division
This division applies if—
(a)
a court makes an order under section 19(1)(b), 24(1)(b), 30(1)(a), 31 or 32(1) that an offender be released if the offender enters into a recognisance (the original order); and
(b)
the offender leaves the precincts of the court without entering into the recognisance.
s 33AA ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AB
Proper officer of court may give offender notice
(1)
The proper officer of the court may give the offender a written notice that—
(a)
requires the offender, by a stated date, to attend the registry of the court at a stated place to enter into the recognisance; and
(b)
informs the offender that, if the offender fails to comply with the requirement, a warrant may be issued to arrest the offender and bring the offender before the court to be dealt with according to law.
(2)
The notice must be given to the offender—
(a)
personally; or
(b)
by post to the address of the offender last known to the proper officer of the court; or
(c)
electronically, including, for example, by email.
s 33AB ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AC
Court may issue warrant
(1)
This section applies if the court is satisfied—
(a)
the offender has been given a notice under section 33AB; and
(b)
the offender has failed to comply with the notice.
(2)
The court may issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest the offender and bring the offender before the court, or a court of like jurisdiction, to be dealt with according to law.
s 33AC ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AD
Orders for offender appearing before court
(1)
This section applies if the offender is arrested under a warrant issued under section 33AC and either of the following applies—
(a)
the offender is brought before a court under the warrant or a warrant issued under another Act;
(b)
the offender is granted bail under the Bail Act 1980, section 7 and appears before a court in accordance with the bail.
(2)
The court may—
(a)
confirm the original order; or
(b)
revoke the original order and sentence the offender for the offence with which the offender was originally charged.
(3)
If the court revokes the original order under subsection (2)(b) and a conviction has not previously been recorded for the offence mentioned in that subsection, the court may also record a conviction for the offence.
s 33AD ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AE
Orders for particular offender failing to appear before court
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the original order is made on the hearing of a complaint of a simple offence under the Justices Act 1886; and
(b)
the offender—
(i)
is arrested under a warrant issued under section 33AC; and
(ii)
is granted bail under the Bail Act 1980, section 7; and
(iii)
fails to appear before a court in accordance with the bail.
(2)
The court may, in the absence of the offender, revoke the original order and sentence the offender for the offence with which the offender was originally charged.
(3)
If the court revokes the original order under subsection (2) and a conviction has not previously been recorded for the offence mentioned in that subsection, the court may also record a conviction for the offence.
(4)
In sentencing the offender under subsection (2), the court may not—
(a)
impose a term of imprisonment on the offender; or
(b)
order that any licence, registration, certificate, permit or other authority held by the offender under any Act be cancelled or suspended; or
(c)
order that the offender be disqualified from holding or obtaining any licence, registration, certificate, permit or other authority under any Act.
s 33AE ins 2017 No. 6s 66
33AF
Evidentiary provision
(1)
For section 33AC(1)(a), a document purporting to be a copy of a notice given to the offender under section 33AB and endorsed with a certificate purporting to be signed by a relevant officer stating the matters mentioned in subsection (2) is evidence—
(a)
that the notice was given to the offender as stated in the certificate; and
(b)
if the notice was given to the offender in the way mentioned in section 33AB(2)(b)—that the address appearing on the notice is the address of the offender last known to the proper officer of the court.
(2)
The matters are—
(a)
the document is a copy of a notice given to the offender under section 33AB; and
(b)
the notice was given to the offender in a stated way mentioned in section 33AB(2); and
(c)
if the notice was given to the offender in a way mentioned in section 33AB(2)(a) or (c)—the date the notice was given to the offender; and
(d)
if the notice was given to the offender in the way mentioned in section 33AB(2)(b)—
(i)
the document was posted to the address appearing on the notice, which was the address of the offender last known to the proper officer of the court; and
(ii)
in the ordinary course of post, the notice would be delivered on the date stated in the endorsement.
(3)
For section 33AC(1)(b), a certificate purporting to be signed by the proper officer of the court stating that the offender has not complied with a notice given to the offender under section 33AB is evidence the offender has not complied with the notice.
(4)
In this section—
relevant officer, in relation to a notice given to an offender under section 33AB, means—
(a)
if the notice was given to the offender in the way mentioned in section 33AB(2)(a)—the person who served the notice personally on the offender; or
(b)
otherwise—the proper officer of the court.
s 33AF ins 2017 No. 6s 66
Division 3A
Provisions relating to forfeited recognisances
pt 3 div 3A hdg ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1 (amd 2000 No. 46s 3sch)
33B
Order for payment of amount under forfeited recognisance
(1)
A court must, on the forfeiture of a recognisance, order—
(a)
that the offender or surety liable to pay an amount stated in the recognisance pay the amount to the proper officer of the court immediately or within the time or by the instalments stated in the order; or
(b)
that the proper officer of the court is, under the SPE Act, section 34, to give particulars of the amount undertaken by the surety to be paid on the forfeiture of the recognisance to SPER for registration under that section.
(2)
If the court makes an order under subsection (1)(a), the court may also order that the offender or surety be imprisoned for the term, of not more than 2 years, stated in the order if the offender or surety defaults in paying the amount.
s 33B ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1 (amd 2000 No. 46s 3sch)
sub 2007 No. 3s 49
amd 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
33C
Variation or revocation of order forfeiting recognisance
(1)
If a court orders an offender or a surety to pay an amount under section 33B, the offender or surety may apply in the approved form to the court that made the order or, for a Magistrates Court, any magistrate for an order revoking or varying the order.
(2)
The application—
(a)
may only be made on the ground that having regard to all the circumstances it would be against the interests of justice to require the person to pay the amount ordered to be paid; and
(b)
must be made within 28 days after the relevant recognisance is forfeited or the longer time the court allows for payment of the amount; and
(c)
must briefly state the circumstances relied on; and
(d)
must be filed with the proper officer of the court and served, at least 14 days before the date set for the hearing of the application on the complainant or, for a recognisance entered into after an indictment is presented, whoever of the following is relevant—
(i)
the State crown solicitor;
(ii)
for an offence against a law of the Commonwealth, the Australian Government Solicitor in Queensland.
(3)
Despite subsection (2)(b), if the recognisance was forfeited in the absence of an offender, the application must be made within 28 days after the order comes to the notice of the applicant.
(4)
At any time after the application is filed, the applicant may apply to the court for a stay of proceedings to which the application relates.
(5)
The court may grant the stay and do any of the following—
(a)
direct the return of any unenforced warrant;
(b)
postpone the issue of a warrant;
(c)
stay the enforcement of any warrant until the application is decided.
(6)
Also, the court may hear the application earlier than 14 days after service of the application if the parties consent to the earlier hearing.
(7)
The court must decide the application and may—
(a)
vary the order; or
(b)
revoke the order; or
(c)
refuse the application.
s 33C ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1 (amd 2000 No. 46s 3sch)
Division 4
Orders for restitution and compensation
34
Court may act under this division whether or not it records conviction
A court may act under this division whether or not it records a conviction.
s 34 amd 2008 No. 59s 96
35
Order for restitution or compensation
(1)
The court may order that the offender—
(a)
make restitution of property—
(i)
in relation to which the offence was committed; or
(ii)
taken in the course of, or in connection with, the commission of the offence; and
(b)
pay compensation to a person for any loss or destruction of, damage caused to, or unlawful interference with, property—
(i)
in relation to which the offence was committed; or
(ii)
in the course of, or in connection with, the commission of the offence; and
(c)
pay compensation for personal injury suffered by a person (whether or not the person is the victim against whom the offence was committed) because of the commission of the offence.
(2)
An order may be made under subsection (1) in addition to any other sentence to which the offender is liable.
(3)
If an offence is taken into account under section 189 in imposing sentence on an offender for another offence, the court may make an order under subsection (1).
(4)
If a court makes an order under subsection (1) because of subsection (3), then, despite section 189(8), the offender has the same right of appeal as if the court had convicted the offender of the offence in relation to which the order was made.
s 35 amd 1994 No. 14s 234sch 2
36
What order may state
(1)
An order made under section 35(1) may state—
(a)
the amount to be paid by way of restitution or compensation; and
(b)
the person to whom the restitution is to be made or the compensation is to be paid; and
(c)
the time within which the restitution is to be made or the compensation is to be paid or, alternatively, that the proper officer of the court is, under the SPE Act, section 34, to give particulars of the amount of the restitution or compensation to SPER for registration under that section; and
(d)
if the order states the time within which the restitution is to be made or the compensation is to be paid—the way in which the restitution is to be made or the compensation is to be paid.
(2)
When making an order under section 35(1), the court may also order that the offender is to be imprisoned if the offender fails to comply with the order.
s 36 amd 2007 No. 3s 50; 2008 No. 59s 97; 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
37
Limit on imprisonment under s 36(2)
Imprisonment ordered under section 36(2) must not be longer than—
(a)
if the order is made on indictment—1 year; or
(b)
if the order is made on summary conviction—6 months.
38
Extension of time
(1)
The time stated in an order made under section 35(1) within which the restitution is to be made, or the compensation is to be paid, may be extended by—
(a)
the court that made the order; or
(b)
a court of like jurisdiction.
(2)
The court that grants an extension under subsection (1) may further extend the time.
(3)
Application for an extension under subsection (1), or further extension under subsection (2), must be in writing.
s 38 sub 1993 No. 36s 4
amd 2007 No. 3s 51
39
Directions for enforcing order of imprisonment
(1)
In making an order under section 36(2), the court may give such directions as it considers appropriate for the enforcement of the order of imprisonment.
(2)
A direction mentioned in subsection (1) may include a direction that the offender must appear—
(a)
before the court, or a court of like jurisdiction, at a time and place stated in the direction; or
(b)
if called on by notice given to the offender;
to show cause why the imprisonment should not be enforced because of the failure to comply with the order.
39A
Other orders available on failure to comply
On an appearance by an offender under section 39(2), if the court considers the order of imprisonment should not be enforced against the offender, the court may—
(a)
accept payment of the amount ordered in full; or
(b)
if the offender has not been paying the amount by instalments, order that the unpaid amount be paid by instalments; or
(c)
cause the proper officer to register the prescribed particulars of the unpaid amount under the SPE Act.
s 39A ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
amd 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
40
Failing to appear as directed
If the offender fails to appear as required by a direction mentioned in section 39(2), the court may issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest and bring the offender before the court, or a court of like jurisdiction, to show cause as required by the direction.
41
Instalments—failing to pay
If an amount is ordered to be paid by instalments and an instalment is not paid, the same proceedings may be taken as if the original order had directed that the unpaid instalments be paid in a single amount and the amount had not been paid.
s 41 amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
42
Payment of restitution or compensation
A court may order that restitution or compensation must be made, directly or indirectly, to the proper officer of the court.
43
Division does not limit operation of other provisions
This division does not limit the operation of another provision of this Act that provides for the making of restitution or the payment of compensation.
Part 3A
Non-contact orders
pt 3A hdg ins 2001 No. 94s 5
43A
Court may make order whether or not it records conviction
A court may make a non-contact order whether or not it records a conviction.
s 43A ins 2001 No. 94s 5
43B
Making non-contact order
(1)
If a court convicts an offender of a personal offence, whether on indictment or summarily, the court may make a non-contact order for the offender.
(2)
The order may be made in addition to any other order the court may make under this or another Act.
(3)
However, the court must not make a non-contact order if an order may be made under the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 42.
(4)
In this section—
personal offence means an indictable offence committed against the person of someone.
s 43B ins 2001 No. 94s 5
amd 2002 No. 6s 53sch 2; 2012 No. 5s 230 sch 1pt 2
43C
Requirements of non-contact order
(1)
A non-contact order is an order that contains either or both of the following—
(a)
a requirement that the offender not contact the victim against whom the offence was committed, or someone who was with the victim when the offence was committed (an associate), for a stated time;
(b)
a requirement that the offender not go to a stated place, or within a stated distance of a stated place, for a stated time.
(2)
The time stated in the order must be a period starting when the order is made and ending no later than—
(a)
if the offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment for the offence and the sentence is not suspended—5 years after the day on which the term of imprisonment ends; or
(b)
otherwise—5 years after the day on which the order is made.
(3)
The court may make the order if satisfied that, unless the order is made, there is an unacceptable risk that the offender would—
(a)
injure the victim or associate, including for example by injuring the victim or associate psychologically; or
(b)
harass the victim or associate; or
(c)
damage the property of the victim or associate; or
(d)
act in a way that could reasonably be expected to cause a detriment to the victim or associate, including for example by acting in a way that—
(i)
makes the victim or associate fear that he or she may be injured; or
(ii)
makes the victim or associate fear that his or her property may be damaged; or
(iii)
hinders or stops the victim or associate doing something he or she is lawfully entitled to do; or
(iv)
makes the victim or associate do something he or she is lawfully entitled not to do.
Example of subparagraph (iii)—
acting in a way that makes the victim significantly change the way the victim would ordinarily travel to work
Example of subparagraph (iv)—
acting in a way that makes the victim sell a property the victim would not otherwise sell
(4)
In considering whether to make the order, the court must have regard to all of the circumstances of the case, including for example—
(a)
the terms of any other order relating to the offender and the victim or associate; and
(b)
the viability of making the order in circumstances in which contact between the offender and the victim or associate may be unavoidable; and
(c)
the offender’s antecedents.
Example of another order under paragraph (a)—
an order under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cwlth)
Example of unavoidable contact under paragraph (b)—
Contact may be unavoidable if the offender and the victim both live in a small remote community.
(5)
In this section—
contact the victim or associate means—
(a)
intentionally initiate contact with the victim or associate in any way, including for example, by phone, mail, fax, email or other technology; or
(b)
intentionally follow, loiter near, watch or approach the victim or associate; or
(c)
intentionally loiter near, watch, approach or enter a place where the victim or associate lives, works or visits.
property of a victim or associate means—
(a)
property in which the victim or associate has an interest, whether or not the offender also has an interest in the property; or
(b)
property that is otherwise—
(i)
in the care or custody of the victim or associate; or
(ii)
at the premises where the victim or associate is living.
s 43C ins 2001 No. 94s 5
amd 2024 No. 48s 47
43D
Amending or revoking non-contact order
(1)
The following persons may apply, in the approved form, to amend or revoke a non-contact order—
(a)
a prosecutor;
(b)
the victim named in the order;
(c)
any associate named in the order;
(d)
the offender.
(2)
However, the offender can not apply within 6 months after the order was made.
(3)
The application may be made to—
(a)
a court of equivalent jurisdiction to the court in which the order was made; or
(b)
if the offender is appearing before a court of higher jurisdiction in relation to another offence against the victim or associate—the judge before whom the offender is appearing.
(4)
The applicant must give a copy of the application to—
(a)
if the applicant is the offender, victim or associate—the prosecuting authority; or
(b)
if the applicant is a prosecutor—the offender, the victim and any associate named in the order.
(5)
The applicant must give the copy at least 21 days before the day on which the application is to be heard.
(6)
For an application made by the offender, victim or associate, the prosecuting authority who received the application under subsection (4)(a) must take all reasonable steps to immediately give a copy of the application to—
(a)
if the application is made by the offender—the victim and any associate named in the order; or
(b)
if the application is made by the victim—the offender and any associate named in the order; or
(c)
if the application is made by the associate—the offender and the victim.
(7)
The prosecutor, offender, victim and associate are each entitled to be heard at the hearing of an application.
(8)
A court may amend or revoke the order only if satisfied there has been a material change in the circumstances of the offender, the victim or any associate named in the order that justifies the amendment or revocation.
Example of a material change in the victim’s circumstances—
Because of the relocation of the victim’s employer’s workplace, the victim starts working in the building in which the offender works.
(9)
In this section—
prosecuting authority means—
(a)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the non-contact order was made was a police officer—the commissioner of the police service or someone authorised to accept the application on the commissioner’s behalf; or
(b)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the non-contact order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or someone authorised to accept the application on the director’s behalf.
s 43D ins 2001 No. 94s 5
43E
Order to be given to interested persons
(1)
A proper officer of the court that makes, amends or revokes a non-contact order for an offender must immediately—
(a)
reduce the order to writing in the approved form; and
(b)
give a copy of the order to—
(i)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the non-contact order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or someone authorised to accept the order on the director’s behalf; and
(ii)
the offender; and
(iii)
if the order was amended or revoked on the application of the victim named in the order—the victim; and
(iv)
if the order was amended or revoked on the application of any associate named in the order—the associate; and
(v)
the chief executive (corrective services); and
(c)
give a copy of the order to the commissioner of the police service, or someone authorised to accept the order on the commissioner’s behalf, by fax, email or a similar facility.
(2)
Failure to comply with subsection (1) does not invalidate the order.
(3)
If the proper officer is not required under subsection (1) to give a copy of the order to the victim or associate, the prosecutor, or someone on the prosecutor’s behalf, must take all reasonable steps to give a copy of the order to the victim or associate.
s 43E ins 2001 No. 94s 5
43F
Contravention of non-contact order
(1)
An offender must not unlawfully contravene a non-contact order.
Maximum penalty—120 penalty units or 3 years imprisonment.
(2)
A Magistrates Court that convicts an offender of an offence against subsection (1) may, in addition to or instead of sentencing the offender under subsection (1)—
(a)
if the non-contact order was made by a Magistrates Court—amend the order; or
(b)
if the non-contact order was made by the Supreme or District Court (the sentencing court)—order the offender to appear before the sentencing court.
(3)
If an order is made under subsection (2)(b), the Magistrates Court must also make 1 of the following orders—
(a)
an order committing the offender into custody to be brought before the sentencing court;
(b)
an order granting the offender bail on the condition that the offender appear before the sentencing court.
(4)
If the Magistrates Court sentenced the offender under subsection (1), the sentencing court may amend the order or decide no further action be taken.
(5)
If the Magistrates Court did not sentence the offender under subsection (1), the sentencing court may do the following—
(a)
sentence the offender under subsection (1);
(b)
in addition to or instead of sentencing the offender under subsection (1), amend the order;
(c)
decide no further action be taken.
s 43F ins 2001 No. 94s 5
amd 2024 No. 48s 48
Part 3B
Banning orders
pt 3B hdg ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43G
Definitions for pt 3B
In this part—
banning order see section 43I.
licence see the Liquor Act 1992, section 4.
licensed premises see the Liquor Act 1992, section 4.
licensee see the Liquor Act 1992, section 4.
police banning notice see the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 602B.
s 43G def police banning notice amd 2014 No. 42s 85
public place see the Liquor Act 1992, section 11.
s 43G ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43H
Record of conviction not required
A court may make a banning order whether or not it records a conviction.
s 43H ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43I
What is a banning order
A banning order is an order that prohibits an offender, for a stated period, from doing, or attempting to do, any of the following—
(a)
entering or remaining in stated licensed premises or a stated class of licensed premises;
(b)
entering or remaining in, during stated hours, a stated area that is designated by its distance from, or location in relation to, the stated licensed premises or stated class of licensed premises mentioned in an order made under paragraph (a);
Examples of orders for paragraph (b)—
•
an order that prohibits a person from entering or remaining in, between the hours of 10p.m. and 6a.m., an area that is within 10m of stated licensed premises mentioned in an order made under paragraph (a)
•
an order that prohibits a person from entering or remaining in, between the hours of 11p.m. and 5a.m., a stated street, or an area abutting several stated streets, that is located near stated licensed premises mentioned in an order made under paragraph (a)
•
an order that prohibits a person from entering or remaining in, between the hours of 11p.m. and 5a.m., the safe night precinct under the Liquor Act 1992 in which the stated licensed premises mentioned in an order made under paragraph (a) are located
(c)
attending or remaining at a stated event, to be held in a public place, at which liquor will be sold for consumption.
s 43I ins 2010 No. 51s 55
amd 2014 No. 42s 86
43J
Making a banning order
(1)
A court may make a banning order for an offender if—
(a)
the offender has been convicted of—
(i)
an offence that involved the use, threatened use or attempted use of unlawful violence to a person or property; or
(ii)
an offence against the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 5 or 6; and
(b)
having regard to the evidence available to the court, the court is satisfied that the offence was committed in licensed premises or in a public place in the vicinity of licensed premises; and
(c)
the court is satisfied that, unless the order is made, the offender would pose an unacceptable risk to—
(i)
the good order of licensed premises and areas in the vicinity of licensed premises; or
(ii)
the safety and welfare of persons attending licensed premises and areas in the vicinity of licensed premises.
(2)
The order may be made in addition to any other order the court may make under this or another Act.
(3)
In considering whether to make the order, the court must have regard to all of the circumstances of the case, including, for example, the following—
(a)
whether the offender is, or has been, subject to another banning order;
(b)
whether the offender is, or has been, subject to—
(i)
a special condition mentioned in the Bail Act 1980, section 11(3); or
(ii)
a police banning notice;
(c)
the offender’s criminal history;
(d)
the offender’s personal circumstances and the likely effect of the order on those circumstances;
(e)
anything else the court considers relevant.
(4)
The court may impose any conditions it considers necessary on a banning order, including a condition that the offender report to a police station within 48 hours after the banning order is made to be photographed for an image to distribute to relevant persons under the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, chapter 19, part 5B.
(4A)
Subsection (4B) applies if—
(a)
the court has regard to a police banning notice when considering whether to make the order; and
(b)
the notice is in effect when the court considers making the order.
(4B)
The court must decide whether the police banning notice should be—
(a)
cancelled; or
(b)
amended and how it should be amended.
(4C)
The banning order must state the court’s decision under subsection (4B).
(5)
A banning order does not stop the offender from—
(a)
entering or remaining in any of the following—
(i)
the offender’s residence;
(ii)
the offender’s place of employment;
(iii)
a place at which the offender is receiving formal education;
(iv)
a mode of transport required to be used by the offender;
(v)
any other place that the court considers necessary in order to prevent undue hardship to the offender or a member of the offender’s family; or
(b)
entering any place that it is reasonably necessary for the offender to enter for the purpose of entering or remaining in a place or mode of transport mentioned in paragraph (a).
(6)
If a place mentioned in subsection (5) is located within the area to which the banning order applies, the banning order must—
(a)
describe the place in sufficient detail to identify the place; and
(b)
state that the offender is not stopped from entering or remaining in the place.
Example for subsection (6)—
If an offender’s residence is located within the area to which the banning order applies, the banning order must state the address of the residence and state that the offender is not stopped from entering or remaining in the residence.
(7)
If a mode of transport mentioned in subsection (5) operates within an area to which the banning order applies, the banning order must—
(a)
describe the mode of transport in sufficient detail to identify the mode of transport; and
(b)
state that the offender is not stopped from entering or remaining in the mode of transport.
Example for subsection (7)—
If a bus route required to be used by the offender operates within the area to which the banning order applies, the banning order must describe the bus route and state that the offender is not stopped from entering or remaining in a bus on that route.
(8)
The offender bears the onus of proving the following—
(a)
for subsection (5)(a)(i)—that a place is the offender’s residence;
(b)
for subsection (5)(a)(ii)—that a place is the offender’s place of employment;
(c)
for subsection (5)(a)(iii)—that the offender is receiving formal education at a place;
(d)
for subsection (5)(a)(iv)—that a mode of transport is required to be used by the offender;
(e)
for subsection (5)(a)(v)—that undue hardship would be caused to the offender or a member of the offender’s family if the offender was prevented from entering or remaining in a place.
s 43J ins 2010 No. 51s 55
amd 2014 No. 42s 87; 2017 No. 5s 27
43K
Banning order to be explained
(1)
Before making a banning order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
the consequences of contravening the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked on the application of the offender or a prosecutor.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 43K ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43L
Amending or revoking banning order
(1)
The following persons may apply to the court, in the approved form, to amend or revoke a banning order—
(a)
a prosecutor;
(b)
the offender.
(2)
However, the offender can not apply until at least 6 months after the order was made.
(3)
The application may be made to a court of equivalent jurisdiction to the court in which the order was made.
(4)
The applicant must give a copy of the application to—
(a)
if the applicant is the offender—the prosecuting authority; or
(b)
if the applicant is a prosecutor—the offender.
(5)
The applicant must give the copy at least 21 days before the day on which the application is to be heard.
(6)
The prosecutor and offender are each entitled to be heard at the hearing of the application.
(7)
A court may amend or revoke the order only if satisfied there has been a material change in the circumstances of the offender that justifies the amendment or revocation.
(8)
In this section—
prosecuting authority means—
(a)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the banning order was made was a police officer—the commissioner of the police service or someone authorised to accept the application on the commissioner’s behalf; or
(b)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the banning order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or someone authorised to accept the application on the director’s behalf.
s 43L ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43M
Banning order to be given to interested persons
(1)
A proper officer of the court that makes, amends or revokes a banning order for an offender must immediately—
(a)
reduce the order to writing in the approved form; and
(b)
give a copy of the order to—
(i)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the banning order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or someone authorised to accept the order on the director’s behalf; and
(ii)
the offender; and
(iii)
the chief executive (corrective services); and
(c)
give a copy of the order to the commissioner of the police service, or someone authorised to accept the order on the commissioner’s behalf, by fax, email or a similar facility.
(2)
Failure to comply with subsection (1) does not invalidate the order.
s 43M ins 2010 No. 51s 55
43N
Commissioner of police service may give copy of banning order to particular persons
(1)
The commissioner of the police service may give a copy of a banning order to—
(a)
the licensee of any licensed premises stated in the order; or
(b)
the licensee of any licensed premises within a class of licensed premises stated in the order; or
(c)
the holder of a licence or permit to sell liquor at an event stated in the order; or
(d)
an approved manager working at the licensed premises mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) or the event mentioned in paragraph (c).
(e)
the Commissioner for Liquor and Gaming under the Gaming Machine Act 1991; or
(f)
an approved operator for an approved ID scanning system.
(2)
In this section—
approved ID scanning system see the Liquor Act 1992, section 173EE.
approved manager means a person holding an approval as an approved manager under the Liquor Act 1992.
approved operator see the Liquor Act 1992, section 173EE.
permit see the Liquor Act 1992, section 4.
s 43N ins 2010 No. 51s 55
amd 2014 No. 42s 88; 2017 No. 6s 67
43O
Contravention of banning order
(1)
A person must not, without reasonable excuse, contravene a banning order.
Maximum penalty—40 penalty units or 1 year’s imprisonment.
(2)
A Magistrates Court that convicts a person of an offence against subsection (1) may, in addition to or instead of sentencing the person under subsection (1)—
(a)
if the banning order was made by a Magistrates Court—amend the order; or
(b)
if the banning order was made by the Supreme or District Court (the sentencing court)—order the person to appear before the sentencing court.
(3)
If an order is made under subsection (2)(b), the Magistrates Court must also make either of the following orders—
(a)
an order committing the person into custody to be brought before the sentencing court;
(b)
an order granting the person bail on the condition that the person appear before the sentencing court.
(4)
If the Magistrates Court sentenced the person under subsection (1), the sentencing court may amend the order or decide no further action be taken.
(5)
If the Magistrates Court did not sentence the person under subsection (1), the sentencing court may do any of the following—
(a)
sentence the person under subsection (1);
(b)
in addition to or instead of sentencing the person under subsection (1), amend the order;
(c)
decide no further action be taken.
s 43O ins 2010 No. 51s 55
Part 4
Fines
Division 1
General
44
Court may impose fine whether or not conviction recorded
A court may impose a fine whether or not it records a conviction.
45
Power to fine
(1)
An offender may be fined.
(2)
The fine may be in addition to, or instead of, any other sentence to which the offender is liable.
(3)
The maximum fine that a court may impose is—
(a)
the appropriate maximum applicable to the offence under a provision of this or another Act relating to the offence; or
(b)
if there is no such maximum—the maximum mentioned in section 46.
(4)
This section has effect subject to a specific provision of another Act relating to the offence.
46
Fine limitations of certain courts
(1)
If an Act creates an offence and does not provide a sentence, the maximum fine that a court may impose for a single offence is—
(a)
if the court is a Magistrates Court and the offender is—
(i)
an individual—165 penalty units; or
(ii)
a corporation—835 penalty units; or
(b)
if the court is a District Court and the offender is an individual—4,175 penalty units.
(2)
If an Act creates an offence and does not provide a sentence, there is no limit on the fine that the court may impose for a single offence if—
(a)
the court is a District Court and the offender is a corporation; or
(b)
the court is the Supreme Court.
47
Lesser fine than provided may be imposed
Unless an Act otherwise provides, a court may impose a lesser fine than the fine stated in the Act.
48
Exercise of power to fine
(1)
If a court decides to fine an offender, then, in determining the amount of the fine and the way in which it is to be paid, the court must, as far as practicable, take into account—
(a)
the financial circumstances of the offender; and
(b)
the nature of the burden that payment of the fine will be on the offender.
(2)
The court may fine the offender even though it has been unable to find out about the matters mentioned in subsection (1)(a) and (b).
(3)
In considering the financial circumstances of the offender, the court must take into account any other order that it or another court has made, or that it proposes to make—
(a)
providing for the confiscation of the proceeds of crime; or
(b)
requiring the offender to make restitution or pay compensation.
(3A)
In considering the financial circumstances of the offender, the court must not take into account the offender levy imposed under section 179C.
(4)
If the court considers that—
(a)
it would be appropriate both to impose a fine and to make a restitution or compensation order; and
(b)
the offender has not enough means to pay both;
the court must, in making its order, give more importance to restitution or compensation, though it may also impose a fine.
(5)
In fixing the amount of a fine, the court may have regard to, among other matters—
(a)
any loss or destruction of, or damage caused to, a person’s property because of the offence; and
(b)
the value of a benefit received by the person because of the offence.
s 48 amd 2012 No. 17s 36
49
Single fine for 2 or more offences
(1)
If an offender is found guilty (including being found guilty on a plea of guilty) of 2 or more offences—
(a)
that are founded on the same facts; or
(b)
that form, or are part of, a series of offences of the same or a similar kind;
the court may impose a single fine for all the offences.
(2)
A fine imposed under subsection (1) must not be more than the total of the maximum fines that could be imposed for each of the offences.
s 49 amd 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
50
Instalment order
If a court fines an offender, it may order that—
(a)
the fine be paid by instalments; or
(b)
the proper officer give, under the SPE Act, section 34, particulars of the fine to SPER for registration under that section.
s 50 sub 2007 No. 3s 52
amd 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
51
Payment of fine
If a court does not make an instalment order under section 50(a), it must, at the time of imposing the fine order that—
(a)
the offender be allowed time to pay the fine; or
(b)
the proper officer give, under the SPE Act, section 34, particulars of the fine to SPER for registration under that section.
s 51 sub 2007 No. 3s 52
amd 2010 No. 48s 3sch; 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
Division 2
Fine option orders
52
Definitions
In this division—
fine includes the fee payable for lodging a complaint for an offence with a clerk of the court.
s 52 def fine sub 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
original order means an order of a court—
(a)
that imposes a fine on an offender, whether or not it also requires the payment of another penalty; and
(b)
that directs that in default of payment of the fine or other penalty either immediately or within a fixed time, the offender is to be imprisoned for a period ordered by the court.
53
Application for order if offender before court
(1)
If an offender is before a court when the court makes an original order for the offender, the court must explain to the offender that he or she may immediately verbally apply to the court for a fine option order.
(2)
If—
(a)
the original order directs that the offender is to pay the fine—
(i)
immediately—the application may be made on the day on which the order is made; or
(ii)
within a fixed time—the application may be made at any time before the end of the fixed time; or
(b)
the offender is given a notice under section 54—the application may be made at any time before the end of the time fixed in the original order.
(3)
The explanation mentioned in subsection (1) must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
(4)
The court may adjourn the hearing of the application for the period that the court considers is proper to allow the court or offender to obtain information.
(5)
If the court refuses the application, it must note in the records of the court whether the refusal was made because of section 57(1)(a) or (b).
s 53 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
54
If offender not before court written notice of right to apply for fine option order to be given
If the offender is not before the court when the court makes an original order for the offender, the court must cause written notice to be given to the offender informing the offender of his or her right to apply for a fine option order.
55
Application for order generally
(1)
If a court makes an original order for an offender, the offender may apply to the court for a fine option order.
(2)
If—
(a)
the original order directs that the offender is to pay the fine—
(i)
immediately—the application may be made on the day on which the order is made; or
(ii)
within a fixed time—the application may be made at any time before the end of the fixed time; or
(b)
the offender is given a notice under section 54—the application may be made at any time before the end of the time fixed in the original order.
(3)
The application must—
(a)
be in the approved form; and
(b)
state the particulars that are relevant having regard to the matters of which the court is required to be satisfied under section 58(1); and
(c)
be signed by the applicant; and
(d)
be lodged—
(i)
if the court is the Supreme Court or a District Court—in the registry of that court; or
(ii)
if the court is a Magistrates Court—with the clerk of the court.
(4)
On the lodging of the application, the original order is suspended so far as it requires the payment of a fine.
(5)
Section 8 does not apply to this section.
s 55 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
56
s 56 sub 1993 No. 36s 5
amd 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1; 1994 No. 6s 3
om 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
56A
Offender may apply to proper officer for fine option order
(1)
If a court makes an original order for an offender, the offender may apply to the proper officer of the court for a fine option order.
(2)
The application must—
(a)
be in the approved form; and
(b)
state the relevant particulars, having regard to the matters of which the proper officer must be satisfied under section 57(1); and
(c)
be signed by the applicant.
(3)
The application can not be made after a warrant of commitment has been issued on the original order.
(4)
The offender can not make an application under this section if the offender has made an application under section 53 or 55.
(5)
The application lapses if the offender makes an application to the court under section 53 or 55.
(6)
Also, if the court decides an application under section 53 or 55, the proper officer can not afterwards consider an application under this section unless permitted by section 58.
s 56A ins 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
57
Matters to be considered on application
(1)
A court or proper officer of the court may make a fine option order for an offender only if the court or proper officer is satisfied that—
(a)
the offender is unable to pay the fine in accordance with the original order or, if the offender were to pay the fine in accordance with the original order, the offender or the offender’s family would suffer economic hardship; and
(b)
the offender is a suitable person to perform community service under a fine option order.
(1A)
The fact that an offender’s only source of income is a social security or veteran’s pension, benefit or allowance from the Commonwealth is a ground on which a court may be satisfied that the offender or the offender’s family would suffer economic hardship if the offender were to pay the fine in accordance with the original order.
(1B)
In considering an application for a fine option order, a court or proper officer of the court must have regard to the principle that an offender should not be considered to be unsuitable to perform community service merely because of—
(a)
any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender; or
(b)
the offender’s sex, educational level or religious beliefs.
(1C)
Subsection (1B) does not limit the matters to which the court or proper officer of the court may have regard.
(2)
A court or proper officer of the court may adjourn the application for the purpose of obtaining any information, notification or report from an authorised corrective services officer for the purposes of subsection (1).
(2A)
An authorised corrective services officer must not, in any information, notification or report, recommend that a fine option order or community based order should not be made for an offender merely because of—
(a)
any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender; or
(b)
the offender’s sex, educational level or religious beliefs.
(3)
Subject to section 58, the proper officer of the court may consider an application for a fine option order only if the offender has not previously made an application under this division in relation to the original order.
s 57 prev s 57 om 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
pres s 57 (prev s 58) amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
renum 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 71
58
Proper officer must reconsider offender’s financial position
(1)
If—
(a)
an offender has previously been refused a fine option order; and
(b)
the court records show that the refusal was made because of section 57(1)(a); and
(c)
the proper officer of the court is satisfied that the offender’s financial position has become significantly worse since the refusal;
the proper officer must consider a fresh application, if made, by the offender for a fine option order.
(2)
The application must—
(a)
be made to the proper officer of the court that, or the proper officer who, previously refused an application for a fine option order; and
(b)
be in the approved form; and
(c)
state how the offender’s financial position has become significantly worse; and
(d)
be signed by the applicant; and
(e)
be lodged—
(i)
if the court is the Supreme Court or a District Court—in the registry of the court; or
(ii)
if the court is a Magistrates Court—with the clerk of the court.
(3)
The offender may make the application even though a warrant of commitment has been issued or executed in relation to the original order.
(4)
The offender can not make more than 1 application under subsection (1).
s 58 ins 1993 No. 36s 6
amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
59
Determination of application
(1)
The court to which an application is made under section 55, or the proper officer of the court to whom an application is made under section 58, must cause written notice to be given to the offender of the time and place at which it is proposed to determine the application.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not apply if—
(a)
the offender is personally before the court or proper officer of the court when the application is made; and
(b)
the application is to be dealt with immediately.
(3)
The offender may appear before the court or proper officer of the court at the time and place mentioned in the notice unless the applicant is in lawful custody at that time.
(4)
If the offender does not appear before the court or proper officer of the court at the time and place mentioned in the notice, the application may be determined in the offender’s absence.
(5)
In determining whether to grant or refuse the application, consideration must be given to—
(a)
the information contained in the application; and
(b)
the information relating to the offender, and the offence to which the application relates, that was before the court when the original order was made.
s 59 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
60
Application may be granted or refused
(1)
If an application is granted, the court or proper officer of the court must—
(a)
make a fine option order for the offender; and
(b)
explain to the offender, in language or a way likely to be readily understood by the offender—
(i)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(ii)
what may follow if the offender fails to comply with the order; and
(iii)
the offender’s right under section 73 to pay the fine, or any part of the fine, to which the fine option order relates and how that section requires the payment to be applied.
(2)
If a court refuses an application under section 55—
(a)
any suspension of the original order to which the application relates ceases to have effect; and
(b)
the court must cause written notice to be given to the applicant—
(i)
of the refusal and whether the refusal was made because of section 57(1)(a) or (b); and
(ii)
that any suspension of the original order has ceased to have effect.
(3)
If a proper officer of the court refuses an application under section 58, the proper officer must—
(a)
give written notice to the applicant of the refusal and the reasons for the refusal; and
(b)
give written notice to the court that made the original order that the application was made and refused.
(4)
If a court or the proper officer of the court refuses an application, there must be noted in the records of the court whether the refusal was made because of section 57(1)(a) or (b).
s 60 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
61
Making of order by proper officer of the court
(1)
The proper officer of the court may make a fine option order, but the offender must not be released under section 65 if—
(a)
the original order requires the payment of a part of the fine to the complainant, and directs that in default of payment the offender is to be imprisoned for a period, unless—
(i)
that part of the fine has been paid; or
(ii)
the offender has served a period of imprisonment that bears to the default period of imprisonment, as nearly as possible, the same proportion as that part of the fine bears to the total fine; or
(b)
the original order requires, in addition to the imposition of a fine, the payment of another penalty, and directs that in default of payment the offender is to be imprisoned for a period, unless—
(i)
the amount of the penalty has been paid; or
(ii)
the offender has served a period of imprisonment that bears to the default period of imprisonment, as nearly as possible, the same proportion as the amount of the penalty bears to the total amount required to be paid by the order.
(2)
Subject to section 58, the proper officer of the court may make a fine option order only if the offender has not previously made an application under this division in relation to the original order.
s 61 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
62
Effect of fine option order
(1)
If a court makes a fine option order—
(a)
on an application under section 53 or on appeal under section 85—it may suspend the original order so far as it requires the payment of a fine; or
(b)
on an application under section 55—the suspension of the original order so far as it requires the payment of a fine is continued.
(2)
If a proper officer of the court makes a fine option order under section 60(1)(a), the original order to which it relates is suspended so far as it requires the payment of a fine.
(3)
If an original order requires the payment of a fine and another penalty, then, for the period for which the order is suspended so far as it requires the payment of the fine, the default period of imprisonment stated in the order is taken to have been reduced by a period that bears to the period stated, as nearly as possible, the same proportion as the amount of the fine bears to the total amount of the fine and other penalty required to be paid by the order.
(4)
If—
(a)
a warrant of commitment is issued because of an offender’s failure to comply with an original order; and
(b)
the warrant has not been executed at the time of the making of a fine option order under section 60 for the original order;
the warrant, so far as it relates to the payment of a fine, stops being in force on the making of the fine option order.
s 62 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
63
No liability if warrant executed in good faith and without negligence
If—
(a)
a warrant of commitment stops being in force because of section 62(4); and
(b)
a police officer in good faith and without negligence purports to execute the warrant;
liability at law does not attach to the police officer, the chief executive (corrective services) or the State because of the purported execution of the warrant.
s 63 amd 2006 No. 29s 487
64
Order to be in writing
A court or proper officer of the court that makes a fine option order for an offender must—
(a)
immediately reduce the order to writing in the approved form; and
(b)
give a copy of the order to the offender; and
(c)
give to the chief executive (corrective services)—
(i)
a copy of the order; and
(ii)
a copy of the original order to which the order relates; and
(iii)
details of the offence for which the original order was made.
s 64 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
65
Release from custody when order is made
If an offender for whom a fine option order is made is in lawful custody when the order is made merely because of the offender’s failure to pay the fine, the offender must be released immediately.
66
Requirements of fine option orders
(1)
A fine option order must contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
must report to an authorised corrective services officer at the place, and within the time, stated in the order; and
(b)
must perform in a satisfactory way community service directed by an authorised corrective services officer—
(i)
for the number of hours stated in the order; and
(ii)
at the times directed by the officer; and
(c)
must comply with every reasonable direction of an authorised corrective services officer; and
(d)
must report to, and receive visits from, an authorised corrective services officer as directed by the officer; and
(e)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(f)
must not leave or stay out of Queensland without the permission of an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
The number of hours stated in a fine option order under subsection (1)(b)(i) must be performed within 1 year, or another time allowed in the order, from the making of the order.
(3)
A direction given under subsection (1)(b)(ii) applies to all fine option orders made for the offender by the same court on the same day.
s 66 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
67
Directions under fine option order
(1)
A direction given by an authorised corrective services officer under a requirement of a fine option order must, as far as practicable, avoid—
(a)
conflicting with the offender’s religious beliefs; and
(b)
interfering with any times during which the offender usually works or attends a school or other educational or training establishment; and
(c)
interfering with the offender’s family responsibilities.
(2)
A direction given under a fine option order may be given orally or in writing.
(3)
An offender must not be given a direction under a fine option order to perform more than 8 hours community service on any day.
(4)
However, if the offender consents and an authorised corrective services officer approves, the offender may perform more than 8 hours community service in a day.
(5)
In performing community service, the offender must be allowed reasonable rest and meal breaks.
s 67 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 72
68
Period mentioned in s 66(2) may be extended
(1)
The 1 year or other time mentioned in section 66(2) may be extended—
(a)
by a court, or the proper officer of the court, at any time before the end of the 1 year or other time; or
(b)
by the proper officer of the court under section 74(7)(a).
(2)
Application for an extension under subsection (1) may be made by an authorised corrective services officer.
(3)
The court, or proper officer of the court, must advise the chief executive (corrective services) and the offender when the application will be heard.
(4)
The application may be heard in the absence of the offender if the court or proper officer is satisfied that the offender is unable to be present.
(5)
If the 1 year or other time is extended, the court or proper officer of the court that makes the extension must notify the chief executive (corrective services) and the offender of the extension in the approved form.
s 68 sub 1993 No. 36s 7
amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 73
69
Maximum number of hours
(1)
The number of hours for which an offender may be required to perform community service under a requirement of a fine option order must be such number as, in the opinion of the court or proper officer of the court, satisfies the justice of the case.
(2)
The number mentioned in subsection (1) must not be more than 5 hours for each penalty unit, or part of a penalty unit, that was imposed as a fine under the original order.
s 69 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2000 No. 58s 2sch
70
Fine reduced proportionate to imprisonment
If, when the fine option order is made for the offender under section 60, the offender is serving a term of imprisonment because of the nonpayment of the fine to which the order relates, the fine is taken to have been reduced by an amount that bears to the fine, as nearly as possible, the same proportion as the number of days for which the offender has been imprisoned bears to the term of imprisonment.
s 70 amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
71
Community service to be performed cumulatively
(1)
All community service required to be performed by an offender under a fine option order is to be performed cumulatively with any community service not performed by the offender that the offender is required to perform under a community service order or fine option order.
(2)
If 2 or more fine option orders that require an offender to perform community service are in force at the same time, the community service is to be performed in the same chronological sequence as the sequence in which the orders were made.
72
Performance of community service to be credited against fine
(1)
If an offender performs community service under a fine option order, the amount of the fine is to be reduced by an amount that bears to the amount of the fine, as nearly as possible, the same proportion that the number of hours of community service performed by the offender under the order bears to the number of hours of community service that the offender is required to perform under the order.
(2)
For the purposes of section 186, an amount credited against the amount of a fine under subsection (1) is taken to be payment of an amount in part satisfaction of a court order.
73
Payments and application of payments
(1)
Subject to subsection (3) and despite a suspension of an original order so far as it requires the payment of a fine, the fine or a part of the fine may be paid.
(2)
A fine or part of a fine must be paid, directly or indirectly, to the proper officer of the court in which the original order was made.
(3)
If, after a fine option order is made—
(a)
payment of part of the amount originally required to be paid by the original order is made—the payment must be applied—
(i)
firstly, to the amount of a penalty (other than the fine) required to be paid by the original order; and
(ii)
then, to the amount of the fine; or
(b)
a payment is applied to the amount of the fine to which the fine option order relates—the number of hours of community service required to be performed by an offender under a requirement of the order must be reduced by a number that bears to the number of hours, as nearly as possible, the same proportion that the amount of the payment bears to the amount of the fine.
74
Failing to comply with a requirement of an order
(1)
This section applies if, while a fine option order is in force for an offender, an authorised corrective service officer (a supervisor), or a person authorised for the purpose of this section by the chief executive (corrective services) (also a supervisor), reasonably believes the offender has contravened a requirement of the order.
(2)
The supervisor may give the offender a notice under this section requiring the offender—
(a)
to stop contravening the order; or
(b)
to give the supervisor a reasonable explanation for the contravention within a stated time, of at least 5 days but not more than 14 days.
(3)
The notice must—
(a)
be in the approved form; and
(b)
state the particulars of the contravention; and
(c)
state that failure to give a reasonable explanation for the contravention may result in the fine option order being revoked without notice to the person.
(4)
A notice under subsection (2) may relate to 2 or more fine option orders.
(5)
If the supervisor is satisfied no reasonable explanation has been given within the stated time, the supervisor may apply to the proper officer for an order under subsection (7).
(6)
The proper officer may decide the application in the absence of the offender.
(7)
If satisfied the offender has contravened the fine option order without reasonable excuse, the proper officer may, by order—
(a)
extend or further extend the 1 year or other time mentioned in section 66(2); or
(b)
revoke all fine option orders made for the offender and issue a warrant for the arrest and imprisonment of the offender for the term ordered by the court; or
(c)
revoke all fine option orders made for the offender and give to the registrar under the SPE Act, for registration, the prescribed particulars under that Act of the unpaid amount of the penalty.
(8)
The proper officer must give notice of the revocation of the fine option order to—
(a)
the offender; and
(b)
if relevant, the court, or the proper officer of the court, that made the fine option order.
s 74 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
sub 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
amd 2002 No. 34s 74sch 6; 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
75
s 75 om 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
76
Proper officer to determine hours of community service
If a proper officer proposes to revoke a fine option order, the proper officer must determine the number of hours (if any) for which the offender performed community service under the order.
s 76 amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
77
s 77 om 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
78
Effect of revoking order under s 74
If a proper officer revokes a fine option order under section 74—
(a)
the original order for which the fine option order was made is wholly reinstated; and
(b)
any time that was allowed for the payment of the amount originally required to be paid by the original order must be disregarded; and
(c)
any directions in the original order that the amount is to be paid by instalments must be disregarded; and
(d)
any default imprisonment mentioned in the original order takes effect immediately and is to be reduced under section 82 if that section applies.
s 78 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
79
Revocation of fine option order other than under s 74
The court that makes a fine option order may, on application made to it under section 81, revoke the order if the court is satisfied—
(a)
that the offender is not able to comply with the order because the offender’s circumstances have materially altered since the order was made; or
(b)
that the circumstances of the offender were wrongly stated or were not accurately presented to the court; or
(c)
that the offender is no longer willing to comply with the order.
s 79 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
80
Offender may be re-sentenced on revocation of order under s 79
(1)
Subject to subsection (2), if a fine option order is revoked under section 79, the court that made the original order must—
(a)
confirm the original order; or
(b)
vary the original order; or
(c)
revoke the original order and re-sentence the offender for the offence for which the order was made in a way in which the court could deal with the offender if the offender had just been convicted by or before it of the offence.
(2)
In determining how to re-sentence the offender, the court must take into account the extent to which the offender had complied with the order before its revocation.
81
Application for revocation
(1)
An application under section 79 must be made—
(a)
by—
(i)
the offender; or
(ii)
an authorised corrective services officer; or
(iii)
the director of public prosecutions; and
(b)
while the fine option order is in force; and
(c)
in the approved form.
(2)
Notice of an application made by the offender must be given by the court to the chief executive (corrective services) and—
(a)
if the court that made the fine option order was the Supreme Court or a District Court—to the director of public prosecutions; or
(b)
if the court that made the fine option order was a Magistrates Court—to the prosecutor before that court.
(3)
Notice of an application by an authorised corrective services officer must be given to the court, the offender and the director of public prosecutions.
(4)
Notice of an application by the director of public prosecutions must be given to the court, the offender and the chief executive (corrective services).
(5)
If an application is made under subsection (1) to a court that is not the court that made the fine option order, the first court must give a copy of the application to the court that made the fine option order.
(6)
The court must advise the chief executive (corrective services) and the offender when the application will be heard.
(7)
The application may be heard in the absence of the offender if the court is satisfied that the offender is unable to be present.
s 81 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
82
Imprisonment to be reduced proportionate to amount of fine paid or community service performed
(1)
Subject to subsection (3), if an original order is wholly reinstated under section 78(a), the period of the default imprisonment in relation to the fine mentioned in the order is the period calculated in accordance with the following formula—
(2)
In subsection (1)—
AF (amount of fine) means the total amount of the fine under the order.
AP (amount of penalty) means the total amount of the penalty under the order.
DF (default fine) means the default imprisonment for failing to pay the whole of the fine mentioned in the order.
DP (default penalty) means the default imprisonment for failing to pay the whole of the penalty mentioned in the order.
Example—
Original order—
AF
(Fine
$450.00
(Costs of court
$50.00
$500.00
Restitution
$500.00
AP
Penalty
$1,000.00
DP
Default imprisonment
10 weeks
DF
=
=
=
5 weeks
Note:
This is a hypothetical example only and should not be construed to imply any relevance of the values used.
(3)
Subsection (4) applies if—
(a)
the fine mentioned in the original order has been paid in part; or
(b)
the offender has performed part of the community service required to be performed by the relevant fine option order.
(4)
If this subsection applies, the period of default imprisonment is to be the period calculated in accordance with the following formula—
(5)
In subsection (4)—
AF has the meaning given by subsection (2).
DF has the meaning given by subsection (2) (and is calculated in accordance with subsection (1)).
HCS (hours of community service) means the number of hours for which the offender is required to perform community service under the fine option order.
HP (hours performed) means the number of hours for which community service has been performed by the offender under the fine option order.
PDI (period of default imprisonment) means the period of the default imprisonment that still has to be served.
PP (part payment) means the amount of the part of the fine that has been paid.
Example—
If a fine has been converted to a fine option order for 90 hours (HCS) and the offender has paid $200.00 (PP) and performed 18 hours of community service (HP)—
PDI
=
DF
–
=
5
–
=
5
–
=
5
–
=
5
–
3
=
2 weeks
Note:
This is a hypothetical example only and should not be construed to imply any relevance of the values used.
(6)
If the original order requires the payment of restitution or compensation, the default imprisonment that relates to the nonpayment of the restitution or compensation is not affected by this section.
(7)
Subsection (1) does not apply so far as the original order makes provision for default imprisonment if the whole, or part, of the fine is not paid.
(8)
For the purpose of determining the results of any calculation made under this section, a part of any hour, day, week or month (a unit) is to be rounded to the nearest whole number and, in the case of a half of a unit, the unit is to be rounded up to the nearest whole number.
s 82 amd 2007 No. 37s 125sch
83
Court to notify court that imposed fine option order
If a court that revokes an order under section 79 is not the court that imposed the fine option order, the first court must notify the court that imposed the fine option order of the action taken under section 80.
s 83 sub 1993 No. 36s 8
84
Certificates
(1)
A certificate given by the chief executive (corrective services) or an authorised corrective services officer, stating—
(a)
that the offender named in the certificate has performed community service under a fine option order for the number of hours stated; or
(b)
that the offender named in the certificate has failed to perform community service under a fine option order; or
(c)
that the fine, or part of the fine, to which an original order relates, has been paid;
is evidence of the matters.
(2)
When, in the opinion of the chief executive (corrective services), a fine option order is discharged, it must forward a certificate stating the opinion, and the reasons for the opinion, to—
(a)
if a clerk of the court made the order—the court in which the original order was made; or
(b)
in any other case—the court that made the fine option order.
s 84 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 1999 No. 67s 13
85
Appeals
(1)
An offender who is aggrieved by a decision of the proper officer of the court refusing an application by the offender under section 58 may appeal to the court that imposed the fine.
(2)
The appeal must be instituted—
(a)
within 1 calendar month after notice of refusal is posted to the offender; and
(b)
by filing a notice of appeal, in the approved form, with the proper officer of the court.
(3)
The proper officer of the court must—
(a)
give a copy of the notice of appeal to the chief executive (corrective services); and
(b)
advise the appellant and the chief executive (corrective services) of the time and date for the hearing of the appeal.
s 85 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
86
Hearing and determination of appeals
(1)
The hearing of the appeal is not limited to the material on which the decision appealed against was made.
(2)
The appellant may appear before the court—
(a)
personally or by agent, counsel or solicitor; or
(b)
if the appellant is in lawful custody at the time—by agent, counsel or solicitor only.
(3)
In determining the appeal, the court may—
(a)
affirm the decision appealed against; or
(b)
set aside the decision appealed against and make a fine option order for the appellant.
(4)
The court must not make a fine option order under subsection (3)(b) unless it is satisfied about the matters mentioned in section 57(1).
s 86 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
87
s 87 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
om 1995 No. 58s 4sch 1
88
Termination of fine option order
(1)
A fine option order made for an offender is terminated if—
(a)
the offender finishes performing community service for the number of hours stated in the order; or
(b)
the fine is paid; or
(c)
so much of the fine as has not been notionally paid by the performance by the offender of community service is paid; or
(d)
community service is performed by the offender for the number of hours left after deducting HP from HCS; or
(e)
the order is revoked under section 74 or 79.
(2)
In subsection (1)—
fine includes the reduced amount of a fine calculated under section 70.
HCS (hours of community service) means the number of hours for which the offender is required to perform community service under the fine option order.
HP (hours performed) means the number of hours for which community service has notionally been performed by the offender by payment of part of the fine.
s 88 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
89
Original order terminated
The termination of a fine option order under section 88(1)(a) to (d) also terminates the original order in relation to which the fine option order was made so far as the original order requires the payment of a fine.
s 89 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
Part 5
Intermediate orders
Division 1
Probation orders
90
Court may make probation order whether or not conviction recorded
Subject to section 91, a court may make a probation order whether or not it records a conviction.
91
Making of an order
If a court convicts an offender of an offence punishable by imprisonment or a regulatory offence, the court may—
(a)
whether or not it records a conviction—make for the offender a probation order mentioned in section 92(1)(a); or
(b)
if it records a conviction—make for the offender a probation order mentioned in section 92(1)(b).
92
Effect of order
(1)
The effect of a probation order is—
(a)
that the offender is released under the supervision of an authorised corrective services officer for the period stated in the order; or
(b)
that the offender—
(i)
is sentenced to a term of imprisonment for not longer than 1 year; and
(ii)
at the end of the term of imprisonment the offender is released under the supervision of an authorised corrective services officer for the remainder of the period stated in the order.
(2)
The period of the probation order starts on the day the order is made and must be—
(a)
if the order is made under subsection (1)(a)—not less than 6 months or more than 3 years; or
(b)
if the order is made under subsection (1)(b)—not less than 9 months or more than 3 years.
(3)
The requirements of a probation order made under subsection (1)(a) start on the day the order is made.
(4)
The requirements of a probation order made under subsection (1)(b) start—
(a)
immediately the offender is released from prison; or
(b)
if the offender is released to a re-integration program—at the end of the program.
(5)
A term of imprisonment imposed under subsection (1)(b)(i) must not be suspended under part 8.
s 92 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2002 No. 23s 61
93
General requirements of probation order
(1)
The probation order must contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
must not commit another offence during the period of the order; and
(b)
must report to an authorised corrective services officer at the place, and within the time, stated in the order; and
(c)
must report to, and receive visits from, an authorised corrective services officer as directed by the officer; and
(d)
must take part in counselling and satisfactorily attend other programs as directed by the court or an authorised corrective services officer during the period of the order; and
(e)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(f)
must not leave or stay out of Queensland without the permission of an authorised corrective services officer; and
(g)
must comply with every reasonable direction of an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
In subsection (1)—
offence does not include an offence against section 123(1).
s 93 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
94
Additional requirements of probation order
The probation order may contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
submit to medical, psychiatric or psychological treatment; and
(b)
comply, during the whole or part of the period of the order, with the conditions that the court considers are necessary—
(i)
to cause the offender to behave in a way that is acceptable to the community; or
(ii)
to stop the offender from again committing the offence for which the order was made; or
(iii)
to stop the offender from committing other offences.
s 94 amd 2007 No. 3s 53
95
Probation order to be explained
(1)
Before making the probation order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
what may follow if the offender contravenes the requirements of the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked on application of the offender, an authorised corrective services officer or the director of public prosecutions.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 95 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
96
Offender to agree to making or amending of order
The court may make or amend the probation order only if the offender agrees to the order being made or amended and also agrees to comply with the order as made or amended.
97
Multiple offences
(1)
A court may make 1 or more probation orders for an offender convicted of 2 or more offences.
(2)
The court may include the orders in a single form of order that specifies each offence for which a probation order is made.
98
Application of s 32
A court must not deal with an offender under section 32 if the court is of the opinion that it is appropriate to release the offender on probation under this part.
99
Termination of probation order
A probation order is terminated—
(a)
at the end of its period; or
(b)
if the offender is sentenced or further sentenced for the offence for which the order was made; or
(c)
if the order is revoked under section 120(1).
s 99 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2013 No. 31s 44
Division 2
Community service orders
Subdivision 1
General
pt 5 div 2 sdiv 1 hdg ins 2014 No. 42s 89
100
Court may make order whether or not conviction recorded
A court may make a community service order whether or not it records a conviction.
101
Making of an order
If a court convicts an offender of an offence punishable by imprisonment or a regulatory offence, the court may make a community service order for the offender if the court is satisfied that the offender is a suitable person to perform community service under the order.
s 101 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
102
Effect of order
The effect of the order is that the offender is required to perform unpaid community service for the number of hours stated in the order.
103
General requirements of community service order
(1)
The community service order must contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
must not commit another offence during the period of the order; and
(b)
must report to an authorised corrective services officer at the place, and within the time, stated in the order; and
(c)
must report to, and receive visits from, an authorised corrective services officer as directed by the officer; and
(d)
must perform in a satisfactory way community service directed by an authorised corrective services officer—
(i)
for the number of hours stated in the order; and
(ii)
at the times directed by the officer; and
(e)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(f)
must not leave or stay out of Queensland without the permission of an authorised corrective services officer; and
(g)
must comply with every reasonable direction of an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
The total number of hours stated in the order—
(a)
must not be less than 40 and not more than 240; and
(b)
must be performed within 1 year from the making of the order or another time allowed by the court.
(2A)
A direction given under subsection (1)(d)(ii) applies to all community service orders made for the offender by the same court on the same day.
(3)
In subsection (1)—
offence does not include an offence against section 123(1).
s 103 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
104
s 104 om 2007 No. 3s 54
105
Community service order to be explained
(1)
Before making the community service order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
what may follow if the offender contravenes the requirements of the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked on application of the offender, an authorised corrective services officer or the director of public prosecutions.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 105 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
106
Offender to agree to making or amending of order
(1)
The court may make or amend the community service order only if the offender agrees to the order being made or amended and also agrees to comply with the order as made or amended.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not apply to a community service order required under section 108B.
s 106 amd 2014 No. 42s 90
107
Multiple offences
(1)
A court may make 1 or more community service orders for an offender convicted of 2 or more offences.
(2)
If a court makes 2 or more community service orders, the number of hours of community service ordered must not, when added together, total more than 240.
(3)
A court may make 1 or more further community service orders for an offender who is subject to an existing community service order.
(4)
The number of hours of community service that the offender has not performed under the existing order, and the number of hours of community service ordered to be served under the orders made under subsection (3), must not, when added together, total more than 240.
(4A)
A court may make—
(a)
1 or more community service orders for an offender who is subject to an existing graffiti removal order; or
(b)
1 or more community service orders for an offender who is subject to an existing graffiti removal order and an existing community service order.
(4B)
The number of hours of unperformed unpaid service and the number of hours of community service ordered to be served under the orders made under subsection (4A)(a) or (b) must not, when added together, total more than 240.
(5)
Subject to subsections (2), (4) and (4B) all unpaid service to which this section applies is to be performed cumulatively unless the court orders otherwise.
(6)
This section applies subject to section 108C.
s 107 amd 2013 No. 31s 45; 2014 No. 42s 91
108
Termination of community service order
A community service order is terminated—
(a)
when the offender performs community service in accordance with the requirements of the order for the number of hours stated in the order; or
(b)
if the offender is sentenced or further sentenced for the offence for which the order was made; or
(c)
if the order is revoked under section 120(1) or 120A.
s 108 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2013 No. 31s 46; 2014 No. 42s 91A
Subdivision 2
Community service orders mandatory for particular offences
pt 5 div 2 sdiv 2 hdg ins 2014 No. 42s 92
108A
Definitions for sdiv 2
In this subdivision—
prescribed offence means an offence against—
(a)
any of the following provisions of the Criminal Code—
(i)
section 72;
(ii)
section 320;
(iii)
section 323;
(iv)
section 335;
(v)
section 339;
(vi)
section 340
(1)
(b) or (2AA); or
(b)
the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 790.
public place means—
(a)
a place, or part of a place, that the public is entitled to use, is open to members of the public or is used by the public, whether or not on payment of money; or
(b)
a place, or part of a place, the occupier of which allows, whether or not on payment of money, members of the public to enter.
s 108A ins 2014 No. 42s 92
108B
When community service order must be made
(1)
It is a circumstance of aggravation for a prescribed offence that the offender committed the offence in a public place while the offender was adversely affected by an intoxicating substance.
(2)
If a court convicts an offender of a prescribed offence with the circumstance of aggravation mentioned in subsection (1), the court must make a community service order for the offender whether or not the court also makes another order under this or another Act.
(2A)
However, subsection (2) does not apply if the court is satisfied that, because of any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender, the offender is not capable of complying with a community service order.
(3)
Subsection (2) is subject to sections 121(4), 125(8) and 126(6B).
s 108B ins 2014 No. 42s 92
108C
Effect if offender is also subject to other orders
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
under section 108B, a court makes a community service order (the new order) for an offender; and
(b)
the offender is also subject to 1 or more other community service orders or graffiti removal orders (the existing orders); and
(c)
the total number of hours of unperformed unpaid service under the new order and the existing orders is more than 240.
(2)
For subsection (3), the excess amount is the amount by which the total number of hours of unperformed unpaid service under the new order and the existing orders is more than 240.
(3)
Of the hours of service ordered to be performed under the new order, a number of hours equal to the excess amount must be performed concurrently with the unperformed community service under the existing orders.
Example—
Under section 108B, a court makes a community service order (the new order) requiring an offender to perform 50 hours of service. The offender is also subject to other community service orders for which there are 220 hours of unperformed unpaid service. Of the hours of service to be performed under the new order, 30 hours are to be served concurrently with the hours of unperformed unpaid service under the existing orders.
s 108C ins 2014 No. 42s 92
108D
Effect if offender is detained on remand or imprisoned
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
under section 108B, a court makes a community service order for an offender; and
(b)
during the period mentioned in section 103(2)(b) (the period for performance), the offender is detained in custody on remand or is serving a term of imprisonment in a corrective services facility.
(2)
The community service order is suspended for the period the offender is detained or imprisoned.
(3)
The period for performance is extended by the period the offender is detained or imprisoned.
s 108D ins 2014 No. 42s 92
Division 3
General
109
Court may make probation order and community service order for an offender
(1)
If an offender is before a court for sentence after being convicted of an offence punishable by a term of imprisonment or a regulatory offence, the court may make for the offender a probation order mentioned in section 92(1)(a) and also a community service order.
(2)
If a court makes a probation order and a community service order under subsection (1), the court—
(a)
must make separate orders; and
(b)
must not impose an order as a requirement of the other order.
(3)
If an offender for whom a probation order and a community service order are made under subsection (1) contravenes a requirement of either order and is dealt with for the original offence in relation to the order, the other order is discharged.
110
Appeal against probation order or community service order
An offender aggrieved by the making of a probation order or community service order may appeal under the Justices Act 1886 or the Criminal Code, chapter 67.
Part 5A
Graffiti removal orders
pt 5A hdg ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110A
Making of an order
(1)
This section applies if a court convicts an offender of a graffiti offence, whether on indictment or summarily.
(2)
The court must make a graffiti removal order for the offender whether or not it records a conviction and whether or not it also makes another order under this or another Act.
(3)
However, subsection (2) does not apply if the court is satisfied that, because of any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender, the offender is not capable of complying with a graffiti removal order.
(4)
Subsection (2) is subject to sections 121(3), 125(7) and 126(6A).
s 110A ins 2013 No. 31s 47
amd 2014 No. 42s 92A
110B
Effect of order
The effect of the order is that the offender is required to perform unpaid graffiti removal service for the number of hours stated in the order.
s 110B ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110C
General requirements of graffiti removal order
(1)
The graffiti removal order must contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
must not commit another offence during the period of the order; and
(b)
must report to an authorised corrective services officer at the place, and within the time, stated in the order; and
(c)
must report to, and receive visits from, an authorised corrective services officer as directed by the officer; and
(d)
must perform in a satisfactory way graffiti removal service directed by an authorised corrective services officer—
(i)
for the number of hours stated in the order; and
(ii)
at the times directed by the officer; and
(e)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(f)
must not leave or stay out of Queensland without the permission of an authorised corrective services officer; and
(g)
must comply with every reasonable direction of an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
The total number of hours stated in the order—
(a)
must not be more than 40; and
(b)
subject to subsection (3), must be performed within 1 year from the making of the order or another time allowed by the court.
(3)
If, during the period mentioned in subsection (2)(b), the offender is detained in custody on remand or is serving a term of imprisonment in a corrective services facility—
(a)
the graffiti removal order is suspended for the period the offender is detained or imprisoned; and
(b)
the period mentioned in subsection (2)(b) is extended by the period the offender is detained or imprisoned.
(4)
A direction given under subsection (1)(d)(ii) applies to all graffiti removal orders made for the offender by the same court on the same day.
(5)
In this section—
another offence does not include an offence against section 123(1).
s 110C ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110D
Graffiti removal order to be explained
(1)
Before making the graffiti removal order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
what may follow if the offender contravenes the requirements of the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked, on application of the offender, an authorised corrective services officer or the director of public prosecutions, if the court is satisfied that, because of any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender, the offender is not capable of complying with the order.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 110D ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110E
Multiple orders for single graffiti offence
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
an offender is before a court for sentence after being convicted of a single graffiti offence; and
(b)
in relation to the offence, the court makes a graffiti removal order and also makes 1 or both of the following orders—
(i)
a community service order;
(ii)
a probation order.
(2)
The court—
(a)
must make separate orders; and
(b)
must not impose an order as a requirement of another order.
(3)
If the court makes both a graffiti removal order and a community service order, the total number of hours of unpaid service ordered must not be more than 240.
(4)
If the offender for whom the orders are made contravenes a requirement of any of the orders and is dealt with for the original offence in relation to the order, the other orders are discharged.
s 110E ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110F
Multiple orders for multiple offences
(1)
Subsections (2) and (3) apply if an offender is convicted of 2 or more graffiti offences, whether or not the offender is also convicted of 1 or more other offences that are not graffiti offences.
(2)
The court—
(a)
must make at least 1 graffiti removal order for the offender; and
(b)
may make either or both of the following—
(i)
more than 1 graffiti removal order for the offender;
(ii)
1 or more community service orders for the offender.
(3)
If the court makes more than 1 graffiti removal order, the number of hours of graffiti removal service ordered must not, when added together, total more than 40.
(4)
Subsection (5) applies if an offender is convicted of a graffiti offence and 1 or more other offences that are not graffiti offences.
(5)
The court may, in addition to a graffiti removal order, make 1 or more community service orders for the offender.
(6)
If, under subsection (2) or (5), the court makes 1 or more graffiti removal orders and also makes 1 or more community service orders, the total number of hours of unpaid service ordered must not be more than 240.
s 110F ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110G
Successive orders
(1)
Subsection (2) applies if an offender is—
(a)
convicted of a graffiti offence; and
(b)
subject to 1 or more existing graffiti removal orders.
(2)
Subject to subsection (3), the number of hours of unperformed graffiti removal service and the number of hours of graffiti removal service ordered to be served for the graffiti offence must not, when added together, total more than 40.
(3)
If the number of hours of unperformed graffiti removal service is 40, the graffiti removal service ordered to be served for the graffiti offence must be performed concurrently with the unperformed graffiti removal service.
(4)
Subsection (5) applies if an offender is—
(a)
convicted of a graffiti offence; and
(b)
subject to either of the following—
(i)
1 or more existing community service orders;
(ii)
1 or more existing graffiti removal orders and 1 or more existing community service orders.
(5)
Subject to subsection (6), the number of hours of unperformed unpaid service and the number of hours of graffiti removal service ordered to be served for the graffiti offence must not, when added together, total more than 240.
(6)
If the number of hours of unperformed unpaid service is 240, the graffiti removal service ordered to be served for the graffiti offence—
(a)
must be performed concurrently with any unperformed graffiti removal service to the extent that the number of hours of graffiti removal service ordered to be served for the graffiti offence is, when added to the number of hours of unperformed graffiti removal service, more than 40; or
(b)
to the extent that paragraph (a) does not apply—must, when it is performed by the offender, be taken to be both—
(i)
community service performed under 1 or more of the existing community service orders; and
(ii)
graffiti removal service performed under the graffiti removal order made by the court for the offence.
(7)
For subsection (6)(b), the chief executive (corrective services) must—
(a)
subject to any order of the court, identify the existing community service order, or orders, in relation to which the graffiti removal service is taken to have been performed; and
(b)
notify the offender in writing of the matter mentioned in paragraph (a).
s 110G ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110H
Unpaid service to be performed cumulatively
All unpaid service to which the following sections apply is to be performed cumulatively unless the court orders otherwise—
(a)
section 110E, subject to subsection (3) of that section;
(b)
section 110F, subject to subsections (3) and (6) of that section;
(c)
section 110G, subject to subsections (2), (3), (5) and (6) of that section.
s 110H ins 2013 No. 31s 47
110I
Termination of graffiti removal order
A graffiti removal order is terminated—
(a)
when the offender performs graffiti removal service in accordance with the requirements of the order for the number of hours stated in the order; or
(b)
if the offender is sentenced or further sentenced for the offence for which the order was made; or
(c)
if the order is revoked under section 120A.
s 110I ins 2013 No. 31s 47
Part 6
Intensive correction orders
111
Court may make order only if it records conviction
A court may make an intensive correction order only if it records a conviction.
112
Making of order
If a court sentences an offender to a term of imprisonment of 1 year or less, the court may make an intensive correction order for the offender.
s 112 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
113
Effect of order
(1)
The effect of the order is that the offender is to serve the sentence of imprisonment by way of intensive correction in the community and not in a prison.
(2)
For the purposes of the provisions of an Act providing for disqualification for, or loss of, office or the forfeiture of benefits, the offender is taken not to have been sentenced to a term of imprisonment.
s 113 amd 2006 No. 29s 488
114
General requirements of intensive correction order
(1)
The intensive correction order must contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
must not commit another offence during the period of the order; and
(b)
must report to an authorised corrective services officer at the place, and within the time, stated in the order; and
(c)
must report to, and receive visits from, an authorised corrective services officer at least twice in each week that the order is in force; and
(d)
must take part in counselling and satisfactorily attend other programs as directed by the court or an authorised corrective services officer during the period of the order; and
(e)
must perform in a satisfactory way community service that an authorised corrective services officer directs during the period of the order; and
(f)
must, during the period of the order, if an authorised corrective services officer directs, reside at community residential facilities for periods (not longer than 7 days at a time) that the officer directs; and
(g)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(h)
must not leave or stay out of Queensland without the permission of an authorised corrective services officer; and
(i)
must comply with every reasonable direction of an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
An authorised corrective services officer must not direct the offender to attend programs or perform community service for more than 12 hours in any week.
(2A)
Unless the court or an authorised corrective services officer otherwise directs, the offender must—
(a)
attend programs for one-third of the time directed; and
(b)
perform community service for two-thirds of the time directed.
(3)
In subsection (1)—
offence does not include an offence against section 123(1).
s 114 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 74
115
Additional requirements of intensive correction order
The intensive correction order may contain requirements that the offender—
(a)
submit to medical, psychiatric or psychological treatment; and
(b)
comply, during the whole or part of the period of the order, with conditions that the court considers are necessary—
(i)
to cause the offender to behave in a way that is acceptable to the community; or
(ii)
to stop the offender from again committing the same type of offence for which the order was made; or
(iii)
to stop the offender from committing other offences.
s 115 amd 2007 No. 3s 55
116
Intensive correction order to be explained
(1)
Before making the intensive correction order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
what may follow if the offender contravenes the requirements of the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked on application by the offender, an authorised corrective services officer or the director of public prosecutions.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 116 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
117
Offender to agree to making or amending of order
The court may make or amend the intensive correction order only if the offender agrees to the order being made or amended and also agrees to comply with the order as made or amended.
118
Multiple offences
(1)
If—
(a)
a court sentences an offender to 2 or more terms of imprisonment at the same time; and
(b)
the total period that the offender is sentenced to serve is longer than 1 year;
the court must not make an intensive correction order for any of the offences.
(2)
If—
(a)
a court sentences an offender to 2 or more terms of imprisonment at the same time; and
(b)
the total period that the offender is sentenced to serve is not longer than 1 year;
the court may make intensive correction orders for each of the offences.
(3)
The court may include the orders in a single form of order that specifies each offence for which an intensive correction order is made.
119
Termination of intensive correction order
An intensive correction order is terminated—
(a)
at the end of its period; or
(b)
if the offender is sentenced or further sentenced for the offence for which the order was made; or
(c)
if the order is revoked under section 120(1); or
(d)
if the offender is committed to prison under section 127(1).
s 119 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2013 No. 31s 48
Part 7
Other provisions relating to community based orders
Division 1
Amendment and revocation of orders
120
Amendment and revocation of community based orders generally
(1)
The court that made a community based order other than an order to which section 120A applies may, on application under this division, amend or revoke the order if the court is satisfied—
(a)
that the offender is not able to comply with the order because the offender’s circumstances have materially altered since the order was made; or
(b)
that the circumstances of the offender were wrongly stated or were not accurately presented to the court; or
(c)
that the offender is no longer willing to comply with the order.
(2)
If a court other than the court that imposed the community based order amends or revokes the order, the first court must notify the original court of the amendment or revocation.
s 120 amd 2013 No. 31s 49; 2014 No. 42s 93
120A
Amendment and revocation of s 108B community service order or graffiti removal order
(1)
This section applies to—
(a)
a community service order made under section 108B; or
(b)
a graffiti removal order.
(2)
The court that made the order may, on application under this division, amend or revoke the order if the court is satisfied that, because of any physical, intellectual or psychiatric disability of the offender, the offender is not capable of complying with the order.
(3)
If a court other than the court that imposed the order amends or revokes the order, the first court must notify the original court of the amendment or revocation.
s 120A ins 2013 No. 31s 50
sub 2014 No. 42s 94
121
Offender may be re-sentenced on revocation of order
(1)
Subject to subsection (2), if a community based order is revoked, the court that made the order may re-sentence the offender for the offence for which the order was made in any way in which the court could deal with the offender if the offender had just been convicted by or before it of the offence.
(2)
In determining how to re-sentence the offender, the court must take into account the extent to which the offender had complied with the order before its revocation.
(3)
If the community based order mentioned in subsection (1) is a graffiti removal order, the court need not, but may, when re-sentencing the offender for the graffiti offence for which the order was made, make another graffiti removal order.
(4)
If the community based order mentioned in subsection (1) is a community service order made under section 108B, the court need not, but may, when re-sentencing the offender for the offence for which the order was made, make another community service order.
s 121 amd 2013 No. 31s 51; 2014 No. 42s 95
122
Application for amendment or revocation
(1)
An application under this division must be made—
(a)
by—
(i)
the offender; or
(ii)
an authorised corrective services officer; or
(iii)
the director of public prosecutions; and
(b)
while the community based order is in force; and
(c)
in the approved form.
(2)
Notice of an application made by the offender must be given by the court to the chief executive (corrective services) and—
(a)
if the court that made the community based order was the Supreme Court or a District Court—to the director of public prosecutions; or
(b)
if the court that made the community based order was a Magistrates Court—to the prosecutor before that court.
(3)
Notice of an application by an authorised corrective services officer must be given to the court, the offender and the director of public prosecutions.
(4)
Notice of an application by the director of public prosecutions must be given to the court, the offender and the chief executive (corrective services).
(5)
If an application is made under subsection (1) to a court that is not the court that made the community based order, the first court must give a copy of the application to the court that made the community based order.
s 122 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
Division 2
Contravention of orders
123
Offence to contravene requirement of community based orders
(1)
An offender who contravenes, without reasonable excuse, a requirement of a community based order commits an offence.
Maximum penalty—10 penalty units.
(2)
Subsection (1) applies—
(a)
whether or not the contravention is an offence against another Act or law; and
(b)
whether the contravention happens in or out of Queensland.
124
Proceeding for offence may be brought in any Magistrates Court
Subject to section 128 or 129, proceeding for an offence against section 123(1) may be brought in any Magistrates Court.
125
Powers of Magistrates Court that convicts offender of offence against s 123(1)
(1)
This section applies if a Magistrates Court convicts the offender of an offence against section 123(1).
(2)
The court may, in addition to, or instead of, dealing with the offender under section 123(1), admonish and discharge the offender or make 1 or more of the following orders—
(a)
an order—
(i)
requiring payment of an amount that was required to be paid by the community based order concerned and has not been paid; and
(ii)
for the enforcement of payment of the amount as if it were then making the community based order;
(b)
with the offender’s consent, an order to increase the number of hours for which the offender is required by the order to perform community service;
(ba)
an order to increase the number of hours for which the offender is required by the order to perform graffiti removal service;
(c)
an order extending the period of 1 year allowed for the offender to perform community service or graffiti removal service.
(3)
The imposition of a fine under section 123(1) or the making of an order mentioned in subsection (2) does not affect the continuation of the community based order.
(4)
The court may also—
(a)
if the community based order was made by a Magistrates Court—subject to section 126A, deal with the offender for the offence for which the community based order was made in any way that it could deal with the offender if the offender had just been convicted by it of the offence; or
(b)
if the community based order was made by the Supreme Court or a District Court (the sentencing court)—
(i)
commit the offender into custody to be brought before the sentencing court; or
(ii)
grant bail to the offender on the condition that the offender must appear before the sentencing court.
(5)
If the offender is subject to 2 or more community based orders that were made by courts of different jurisdictions, an order under subsection (4)(b) may be made that the offender be brought or appear before whichever of the courts is the court of highest jurisdiction.
(6)
In taking action under subsection (4)(a), the court must have regard to—
(a)
the making of the community based order; and
(b)
anything done to comply with the requirements of the order.
(7)
If the offence mentioned in subsection (1) relates to a graffiti removal order, the court, in taking action under subsection (4)(a), need not, but may, make another graffiti removal order.
(8)
If the offence mentioned in subsection (1) relates to a community service order made under section 108B, the court, in taking action under subsection (4)(a), need not, but may, make another community service order.
s 125 amd 2007 No. 37s 129; 2013 No. 31s 52; 2014 No. 42s 96
126
Powers of Supreme Court or District Court to deal with offender
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the community based order to which the offender is subject was made by the Supreme Court or a District Court; and
(b)
the offender is before the court or, if the order was made by a District Court, before the Supreme Court; and
(c)
the court is satisfied that the offender committed an offence against section 123(1) in relation to the community based order.
(2)
The court may, in addition to, or instead of, dealing with the offender under section 123(1)—
(a)
admonish and discharge the offender; or
(b)
make an order—
(i)
requiring payment of an amount that was required to be paid by the community based order and has not been paid; and
(ii)
for the enforcement of the payment of the amount as if it were then making the community based order.
(3)
The imposition of a fine under section 123(1) or the making of an order mentioned in subsection (2) does not affect the continuation of the community based order.
(4)
The court may also, subject to section 126A, deal with the offender for the offence for which the community based order was made in any way in which it could deal with the offender if the offender had just been convicted before it of the offence.
(5)
If the offender is before the court—
(a)
under an order made under subsection (7) or section 125(5); or
(b)
under a summons or warrant issued under section 128 or 129; or
(c)
has just been convicted by the court of another offence committed during the period of the community based order and the offender also is the subject of community based orders made by courts of lower jurisdiction;
the court may deal with the offender under this section as if the court had made all the community based orders.
(6)
In taking action under subsection (4), the court must have regard to—
(a)
the making of the community based order; and
(b)
anything done to comply with the requirements of the order.
(6A)
If the community based order mentioned in subsection (1) is a graffiti removal order, the court, in taking action under subsection (4), need not, but may, make another graffiti removal order.
(6B)
If the community based order mentioned in subsection (1) is a community service order made under section 108B, the court, in taking action under subsection (4), need not, but may, make another community service order.
(7)
If the offender is the subject of a community based order made by the Supreme Court and is convicted before a District Court of another offence committed during the period of the community based order, the court may—
(a)
commit the offender to custody to be brought before the Supreme Court; or
(b)
grant bail to the offender on the condition that the offender must appear before the Supreme Court.
(8)
In subsections (5) and (7)—
offence does not include an offence against section 123(1).
s 126 amd 2007 No. 37s 130; 2013 No. 31s 53; 2014 No. 42s 97
126A
Particular provision for driver licence disqualifications
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a court decides to deal with an offender under section 125(4)(a) or 126(4) in relation to an offence for which a community based order was made; and
(b)
the offence is an offence for which a period of disqualification from holding or obtaining a Queensland driver licence—
(i)
may be imposed under this Act; or
(ii)
may or must be imposed under the Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995; and
(c)
a period of disqualification has been imposed for the offence.
(2)
In taking action under section 125(4)(a) or 126(4), the court may not change or revoke the period of disqualification imposed for the offence.
s 126A ins 2007 No. 37s 131
127
Additional power of courts in relation to an intensive correction order
(1)
A court that, under this part, deals with the offender for the offence for which an intensive correction order was made may, whether or not the order is still in force, do so by revoking the order and committing the offender to prison for the portion of the term of imprisonment to which the offender was sentenced that was unexpired on the day the relevant offence against section 123(1) was committed.
(2)
The committal of the offender to imprisonment under subsection (1) does not affect the offender’s eligibility to a re-integration program.
(3)
Unless the court otherwise orders, the offender must serve the imprisonment—
(a)
immediately; and
(b)
subject to the Bail Act 1980, section 33, concurrently with any other term of imprisonment previously imposed on the offender by that or another court.
128
Summons or warrant for contravention of single community based order
(1)
A justice, to whom it is made to appear on complaint by an authorised corrective services officer, or a person authorised for this section by the chief executive (corrective services), that an offender has committed an offence against section 123(1), may issue a summons requiring the offender to appear before a court.
(2)
If—
(a)
a complaint under subsection (1) is in writing and on oath; and
(b)
the justice is satisfied that the offender will not appear in answer to a summons;
the justice may, instead of issuing a summons, issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest the offender and bring the offender before a court.
(3)
A court mentioned in subsection (1) or (2) may be—
(a)
the court that made the community based order, if it was not a Magistrates Court; or
(b)
a Magistrates Court.
(4)
In exercising a discretion under subsection (1) or (2), the justice must have regard to—
(a)
the way in which the offender has contravened a requirement of the community based order; and
(b)
the original offence concerned; and
(c)
whether the authorised corrective services officer intends to recommend to the court before which the offender appears, or is brought, if the offender is convicted, that the offender be dealt with as if the offender had just been convicted of the offence for which the community based order was made.
(5)
If a summons or warrant is issued, the complainant must immediately forward the complaint to the court before which the offender is required or directed to appear or to be brought under the summons or warrant.
s 128 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2004 No. 43s 75
129
Summons or warrant for contravention of multiple orders made by courts of different jurisdictions
(1)
If an offender is the subject of community based orders made by courts of different jurisdictions, a justice, to whom it is made to appear by complaint by an authorised corrective services officer, or a person authorised for this section by the chief executive (corrective services), that the offender has committed an offence against section 123(1), may issue a summons requiring the offender to appear before a court.
(2)
If—
(a)
a complaint under subsection (1) is in writing and on oath; and
(b)
the justice is satisfied that the offender will not appear in answer to a summons;
the justice may instead of issuing a summons, issue a warrant directed to all police officers to arrest the offender and bring the offender before the court of highest jurisdiction.
(3)
The court mentioned in subsection (1) or (2) may be—
(a)
the court that made the community based order; or
(b)
a Magistrates Court.
(4)
In exercising a discretion under subsection (1) or (2), the justice must have regard to—
(a)
the way in which the offender has contravened a requirement of the community based order; and
(b)
the original offence concerned; and
(c)
whether the authorised corrective services officer intends to recommend to the court before which the offender appears, or is brought, if the offender is convicted, that the offender be dealt with as if the offender had just been convicted of the offence for which the community based order was made.
(5)
If a summons or warrant is issued, the complainant must immediately forward the complaint to the court before which the offender is required or directed to appear or to be brought under the summons or warrant.
s 129 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2004 No. 43s 76
130
Discharge of multiple community based orders where contravention taken into account
If a court—
(a)
deals with an offender under section 125 or 126 for an offence for which a community based order was made; and
(b)
under section 189, takes into account contraventions of the requirements of other community based orders;
all the community based orders are discharged.
Note—
An offence against section 123(1) is an excluded offence under section 189 if the community based order to which the offence relates is a graffiti removal order.
s 130 amd 2013 No. 31s 54
131
Contravention of requirements of order—judge to determine
If, in a matter under this division before the Supreme Court or a District Court, a question arises whether an offender has contravened, without reasonable excuse, a requirement of a community based order, the question is to be determined by the judge.
132
Proceedings after end of period of order
A proceeding for a contravention of a requirement of a community based order may be taken, and the offender dealt with, under this division for the contravention even though the order has been terminated or revoked.
s 132 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
Division 3
General
133
Authorised corrective services officers subject to direction of court
In relation to community based orders, authorised corrective services officers are subject to the directions of the court that made the order.
s 133 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
134
Requirements of order have effect despite appeal
If an offender appeals against a community based order, the order has effect and the requirements of the order are to be complied with until the appeal is finally determined.
s 134 amd 2013 No. 31s 55
135
Directions under community based order
(1)
A direction given by an authorised corrective services officer under a requirement of a community based order must, as far as practicable, avoid—
(a)
conflicting with the offender’s religious beliefs; and
(b)
interfering with any times during which the offender usually works or attends school or another educational or training establishment; and
(c)
interfering with the offender’s family responsibilities.
(2)
A direction given under a community based order may be given orally or in writing.
(3)
An offender must not be given a direction under a community based order to perform more than 8 hours unpaid service on any day.
(4)
However, if the offender consents and an authorised corrective services officer approves, the offender may perform more than 8 hours unpaid service in a day.
(5)
In performing unpaid service, the offender must be allowed reasonable rest and meal breaks.
s 135 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 77; 2013 No. 31s 56
136
Notifications following making of order
(1)
A court that makes a community based order, or makes an order amending or revoking a community based order, must make it in the approved form and must cause a copy of the order to be given to—
(a)
the offender; and
(b)
the person in charge of an institution in which the order requires the offender to reside; and
(c)
the chief executive (corrective services), together with details of the offence in relation to which the order was made.
(2)
If an offender is required or permitted by a community based order to reside in another State or a Territory, the chief executive (corrective services) must cause—
(a)
a copy of the order; and
(b)
other relevant documents and information;
to be forwarded to the proper authority in that State or Territory.
s 136 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
137
Facilitation of proof
(1)
If an offender is before a court with a view to being dealt with for contravening a requirement in a community based order, then, subject to subsection (2), the presumptions mentioned in subsection (3) are to be made.
(2)
A presumption mentioned in subsection (3) may be made only if there is before the court—
(a)
a complaint; or
(b)
a statement purporting to be that of a person authorised by the chief executive (corrective services) to make the statement;
that particularises matters relevant to the offender being so dealt with in the case in question.
(3)
Until the contrary is proved, it must be presumed—
(a)
that, under subsection (1), the community based order alleged in the complaint or statement mentioned in subsection (2) was made as alleged for the offender before the court; and
(b)
if the offender is before the court under subsection (1)—that the offender contravened the requirement, as alleged in the complaint or statement.
s 137 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
138
Application of Justices Act
(1)
The Justices Act 1886 applies to a complaint, summons, warrant or penalty under this part with all necessary modifications and any modifications prescribed by regulation.
(2)
For the purposes of the application mentioned in subsection (1)—
(a)
a complaint is taken to be a complaint for an offence; and
(b)
a summons is taken to be a summons to answer a complaint; and
(c)
a penalty imposed under section 121 may be enforced by an order that might be made by the adjudicating justices under the Justices Act 1886 so as to enforce the payment of a penalty imposed on a conviction for an offence under an Act that does not expressly provide for enforcement of the payment.
(3)
Despite the Justices Act 1886, section 43(2) or (3), if 2 or more matters are properly joined in a single complaint made for the purposes of division 2 because the matters of complaint—
(a)
are alleged to be constituted by the same act or omission; or
(b)
are founded on substantially the same facts;
it is not necessary to set out each matter of complaint in a separate paragraph.
(4)
Objection can not be taken to the complaint mentioned in subsection (3) on the ground that each matter of complaint is not set out in a separate paragraph.
139
Court may order summons or warrant for offender’s appearance
(1)
The court to which an authorised corrective services officer makes application under section 122 may order that a summons issue, directed to the offender, requiring the offender to appear at the time and place stated in the summons to be dealt with according to law.
(2)
If the offender to whom a summons under subsection (1) or section 128 or 129 is directed fails to appear in answer to the summons, the court may, on proof of the service of the summons on the offender, order that a warrant issue, directed to all police officers, to arrest the offender and bring the offender before the court to be dealt with according to law.
s 139 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
140
Power of Magistrates Court under s 128(2), 129(2) or 139(2)
(1)
If—
(a)
a warrant issued under section 128(2), 129(2) or 139(2) directs that an offender be brought before the Supreme Court or a District Court; and
(b)
the offender can not be brought before the court because no sittings are being held at the time;
the warrant has effect as if it directed that the offender be brought before a Magistrates Court.
(2)
On an offender’s appearance before a Magistrates Court under subsection (1), the court must—
(a)
commit the offender to custody to be brought; or
(b)
grant bail to the offender on the condition that the offender appear;
before the Supreme Court or a District Court.
141
Community service under intensive correction order cumulative with any other community service
Community service that an offender is required to perform under an intensive correction order is to be performed cumulatively with any other community service the offender is required to perform under this or another Act.
142
Offence against this part—complainant
Proceedings for an offence against a community based order, if not initiated by a court, must be started by complaint made by a person authorised by the chief executive (corrective services) in that behalf, either generally or in a particular case.
s 142 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
Part 8
Orders of suspended imprisonment
143
Court not to act without recording a conviction
A court may make an order under section 144(1) only if it records a conviction.
144
Sentence of imprisonment may be suspended
(1)
If a court sentences an offender to imprisonment for 5 years or less, it may order that the term of imprisonment be suspended.
(2)
An order under subsection (1) may be made only if the court is satisfied that it is appropriate to do so in the circumstances.
(3)
An order under subsection (1) may suspend the whole or a part of the term of imprisonment.
(4)
A court must not suspend a term of imprisonment if it is satisfied, having regard to the provisions of this Act, that it would be appropriate in the circumstances that the offender be imprisoned for the term of imprisonment imposed.
(5)
The court must state an operational period during which the offender must not commit another offence punishable by imprisonment if the offender is to avoid being dealt with under section 146 for the suspended sentence.
(6)
The operational period starts on the day the order is made and must be—
(a)
not less than the term of imprisonment imposed; and
(b)
not more than 5 years.
s 144 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
145
Effect of suspended imprisonment
An offender for whom an order under section 144 is made has to serve the suspended imprisonment only if the offender is ordered to do so under section 147.
146
Consequences of committing offence during operational period
(1)
A court must proceed under this section if—
(a)
the court—
(i)
convicts an offender of an offence for which imprisonment may be imposed; and
(ii)
is satisfied that the offence was committed during—
(A)
the operational period of an order made under section 144; or
(B)
an extension of the operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(i); or
(C)
a further stated operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(ii)(B); or
(b)
an offender is otherwise before the court and the court is satisfied that—
(i)
the offender was convicted, in or outside Queensland, of an offence for which imprisonment may be imposed; and
(ii)
the offence was committed during—
(A)
the operational period of an order made under section 144; or
(B)
an extension of the operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(i); or
(C)
a further stated operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(ii)(B).
(2)
If the court mentioned in subsection (1) has like jurisdiction to the court that made the order, the first court must deal with the offender under section 147 for the suspended imprisonment.
(2A)
If the court mentioned in subsection (1) is of higher jurisdiction than the court that made the order, the first court must deal with the offender under section 147 for the suspended imprisonment unless the court considers that it would be in the interests of justice for the offender to be dealt with under section 147 by the court that made the order.
(2B)
If, under subsection (2A), the first court does not deal with the offender under section 147 for the suspended imprisonment, it must—
(a)
commit the offender to custody to be brought; or
(b)
grant bail to the offender conditioned to appear;
before a court of like jurisdiction to the court that made the order.
(3)
If—
(a)
the order was made by a court other than a Magistrates Court; and
(b)
the court mentioned in subsection (1) is a Magistrates Court;
the Magistrates Court must proceed under subsection (4).
(4)
The Magistrates Court mentioned in subsection (3) must—
(a)
commit the offender to custody to be brought; or
(b)
grant bail to the offender conditioned to appear;
before a court of like jurisdiction to the court that made the order.
(5)
If—
(a)
the order was made by the Supreme Court; and
(b)
the court mentioned in subsection (1) is a District Court;
the District Court must proceed under subsection (6).
(6)
The District Court mentioned in subsection (5) must—
(a)
commit the offender to custody to be brought before the Supreme Court; or
(b)
grant bail to the offender conditioned that the offender appear before the Supreme Court.
(7)
If the offender comes before a court under subsection (2B), (4) or (6), the court must deal with the offender under section 147 for the suspended imprisonment.
s 146 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2002 No. 23s 62; 2008 No. 55s 139
146A
Summons or warrant for offender whose sentence of imprisonment has been suspended
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
an order has been made under section 144 or 147(1)(a) for an offender; and
(b)
a police officer or an authorised corrective services officer suspects, on reasonable grounds, that the offender has committed an offence, in or outside Queensland, during the operational period of the order; and
(c)
imprisonment may be imposed if the offender is convicted, in or outside Queensland, of the suspected offence.
(2)
The officer may, by a complaint to a magistrate, apply for a summons requiring the offender to appear before the court that made the order.
(3)
The magistrate may issue the summons or, instead of issuing the summons, issue a warrant, in the approved form, directed to all police officers to arrest the offender and bring the offender before the court that made the order to be further dealt with according to law.
(4)
The summons or warrant issued under this section is of no effect unless and until the offender is convicted of an offence that enables a court to deal with the offender under section 147.
(5)
The magistrate must issue the summons or warrant if the magistrate is satisfied the grounds for issuing the summons or warrant exist.
(6)
However, the warrant may be issued only if—
(a)
the complaint is under oath; and
(b)
the magistrate is satisfied the offender would not appear in answer to a summons.
(7)
Further, the magistrate may refuse to issue the warrant if the magistrate considers it would be unjust to issue the warrant.
(8)
The summons or warrant may state the suspected offence in general terms.
s 146A ins 1997 No. 82s 75
amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2008 No. 55s 140
147
Power of court mentioned in s 146
(1)
A court mentioned in section 146(2), (2A), (4) or (6) that deals with the offender for the suspended imprisonment may—
(a)
order—
(i)
that the operational period be extended for not longer than 1 year; or
(ii)
if the operational period has expired when the court is dealing with the offender—
(A)
that the offender’s term of imprisonment be further suspended; and
(B)
that the offender be subject to a further stated operational period of not longer than 1 year during which the offender must not commit another offence punishable by imprisonment if the offender is to avoid being dealt with under section 146 for the suspended imprisonment; or
(b)
order the offender to serve the whole of the suspended imprisonment; or
(c)
order the offender to serve the part of the suspended imprisonment that the court orders.
(2)
The court must make an order under subsection (1)(b) unless it is of the opinion that it would be unjust to do so.
(3)
In deciding whether it would be unjust to order the offender to serve the whole of the suspended imprisonment the court must have regard to—
(a)
whether the subsequent offence is trivial having regard to—
(i)
the nature of the offence and the circumstances in which it was committed; and
(ii)
the proportion between the culpability of the offender for the subsequent offence and the consequence of activating the whole of the suspended imprisonment; and
(iii)
the antecedents and any criminal history of the offender; and
(iv)
the prevalence of the original and subsequent offences; and
(v)
anything that satisfies the court that the prisoner has made a genuine effort at rehabilitation since the original sentence was imposed, including, for example—
(A)
the relative length of any period of good behaviour during the operational period; and
(B)
community service performed; and
(C)
fines, compensation or restitution paid; and
(D)
anything mentioned in a pre-sentence report; and
(vi)
the degree to which the offender has reverted to criminal conduct of any kind; and
(vii)
the motivation for the subsequent offence; and
(b)
the seriousness of the original offence, including any physical or emotional harm done to a victim and any damage, injury or loss caused by the offender; and
(c)
any special circumstance arising since the original sentence was imposed that makes it unjust to impose the whole of the term of suspended imprisonment.
(4)
If the court is of the opinion mentioned in subsection (2), it must state its reasons.
(5)
In this section—
original offence means the offence for which a term of imprisonment has been suspended under section 144(1).
original sentence means the sentence imposed for the original offence.
subsequent offence means the offence committed during—
(a)
the operational period of an order made under section 144 for the original offence; or
(b)
an extension of the operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(i) for the original offence; or
(c)
a further stated operational period ordered under section 147(1)(a)(ii)(B) for the original offence.
s 147 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1997 No. 4s 7; 2002 No. 23s 63; 2008 No. 55s 141
148
Imprisonment to be served immediately
If, under section 147(1), the court orders the offender to serve imprisonment, then, unless the court otherwise orders, the imprisonment must be served—
(a)
immediately; and
(b)
subject to the Bail Act 1980, section 33, concurrently with any other imprisonment previously imposed on the offender by that or another court.
s 148 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
149
Reasons not stated—order still valid
An order under section 147 is not invalid merely because of the failure of the court to state its reasons as required by section 147(3), but its failure to do so may be considered by an appeal court if an appeal against the order is made.
150
Bail Act applies if offender not dealt with immediately
If it is not possible for a court to deal with an offender under section 147 immediately, then, for the purposes of granting bail, the Bail Act 1980 applies—
(a)
as if a reference to a person on a charge of, or in connection with, an offence were a reference to the offender; and
(b)
with any other necessary modifications and any modifications prescribed by regulation.
151
s 151 sub 1993 No. 36s 9
om 2006 No. 29s 489
151A
Parole for suspended sentences
An offender whose sentence of imprisonment is suspended is eligible for release on parole only in relation to imprisonment ordered under section 147(1)(b) or (c).
s 151A ins 1993 No. 36s 10
sub 2006 No. 29s 490
amd 2020 No. 23s 69 sch 1pt 1
Part 8A
Drug and alcohol treatment orders
pt 8A hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 1
Preliminary
pt 8A div 1 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151B
Definitions for part
In this part—
core conditions, of the rehabilitation part of a treatment order, see section 151R(1).
court means a Magistrates Court prescribed by regulation.
custodial part, of a treatment order, see section 151N(2).
drug and alcohol treatment order means an order made under division 3.
eligible offence means—
(a)
a summary offence; or
(b)
an indictable offence that is, or is to be, dealt with summarily.
Note—
Under the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 13A, proceedings for particular indictable offences may be taken summarily if a treatment order is sought under this part.
operational period, for the custodial part of a treatment order, see sections 151N(1)(c) and 151O(2)(b)(ii).
rehabilitation part, of a treatment order, see section 151Q(2).
review team, for a treatment order, means—
(a)
the court; and
(b)
a representative of each treatment order agency, other than a Hospital and Health Service established under the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011, section 17; and
(c)
a representative of 1 Hospital and Health Service established under the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011, section 17.
s 151B def review team amd 2018 No. 5s 166(1)
severe substance use disorder means—
(a)
a disorder prescribed by regulation that relates to the use of alcohol or other drugs; or
(b)
if no disorder is prescribed under paragraph (a)—a substance use disorder estimated as being severe under the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association in 2013.
suitability assessment report means a suitability assessment report given to the court under section 151K.
treatment order means a drug and alcohol treatment order.
treatment order agency means the following—
(a)
the department in which the Corrective Services Act 2006 is administered;
(b)
the department in which the Penalties and Sentences Act 1992 is administered;
(c)
a Hospital and Health Service established under the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011, section 17;
(d)
Legal Aid Queensland established under the Legal Aid Queensland Act 1997;
(e)
the police service.
s 151B def treatment order agency amd 2018 No. 5s 166(2)
treatment program means a treatment program included in the rehabilitation part of a treatment order under section 151Q.
s 151B ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151C
Purpose of part and treatment orders
(1)
The purpose of this part is to provide for the making of drug and alcohol treatment orders.
(2)
The purpose of making a drug and alcohol treatment order for an offender is to—
(a)
facilitate the rehabilitation of the offender by providing a judicially supervised, therapeutically oriented, integrated treatment regime; and
(b)
reduce the offender’s severe substance use disorder; and
(c)
reduce the level of criminal activity associated with the offender’s severe substance use disorder; and
(d)
reduce the health risks to the offender that are associated with the offender’s severe substance use disorder; and
(e)
assist with the offender’s integration into the community.
s 151C ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 2
When treatment orders may be made
pt 8A div 2 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151D
Court may make treatment order only if it records conviction
A court may make a treatment order only if it records a conviction.
s 151D ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151E
When treatment order may be made
(1)
A court may make a treatment order for an offender only if—
(a)
the offender—
(i)
has pleaded guilty to an eligible offence; and
(ii)
resides within the court district of the court; and
(b)
the court—
(i)
considers it would be appropriate to sentence the offender to a term of imprisonment for the eligible offence; and
(ii)
has received a suitability assessment report for the offender; and
(iii)
is satisfied the offender has a severe substance use disorder; and
(iv)
considers the offender’s severe substance use disorder contributed to the commission of the eligible offence; and
(v)
considers it is appropriate in the circumstances to make the treatment order for the offender.
(2)
If an order of the Supreme Court or a District Court is in force that imposes a sentence on the offender for another offence, the court must have regard to the order in deciding whether or not it is appropriate to make a treatment order for the offender.
(3)
In this section—
court district, of a court, means the district within which the court is held, as provided for under the Justices Act 1886, section 22B.
s 151E ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151F
When treatment order can not be made
(1)
Despite section 151E, a court can not make a treatment order for an offender if—
(a)
the offender is serving a term of imprisonment in a corrective services facility; or
(b)
the offender is subject to a parole order; or
(c)
the offender is serving, or is required to serve, the unexpired portion of a period of imprisonment for another offence in Queensland or elsewhere because—
(i)
a parole order for the offender has been cancelled under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 205 or 209; or
(ii)
an order similar to a parole order for the offender has been cancelled under a provision of an Act of the Commonwealth or another State that is similar to a provision mentioned in subparagraph (i); or
(d)
the offender is charged with a sexual assault offence.
(2)
In this section—
parole order see the Corrective Services Act 2006, schedule 4.
sexual assault offence means an offence against the following—
(a)
the Criminal Code, chapter 22;
(b)
the Criminal Code, chapter 32.
s 151F ins 2017 No. 41s 35
amd 2018 No. 23s 34
151G
Particular matters for offences involving violence against another person
(1)
In deciding whether to make a treatment order for an offender who has committed an offence involving violence against another person, the court must have regard to the following—
(a)
the nature and seriousness of the offence, and any previous offences involving violence, committed by the offender;
(b)
whether or not the offence resulted in bodily harm, within the meaning of the Criminal Code, section 1, to another person;
(c)
any relevant medical, psychiatric or other information available to the court about the offender;
(d)
if the offence committed by the offender was a domestic violence offence—the risk of further domestic violence or associated domestic violence, under the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, being committed by the offender.
(2)
The court must not make a treatment order for the offender if the court is satisfied that, if the order were made, the offender would pose an unacceptable risk to the safety and welfare of—
(a)
a person who is in a domestic relationship with the offender; or
(b)
a review team member for the treatment order; or
(c)
a person employed or engaged by a treatment order agency; or
(d)
a member of the community.
(3)
In this section—
domestic relationship means a relevant relationship under the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act 2012, section 13.
s 151G ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151H
Multiple offences
(1)
A court may make more than 1 treatment order for an offender convicted of more than 1 eligible offence.
(2)
However, if the court makes 2 or more treatment orders, the total term of imprisonment imposed on the offender under the custodial part of the order must be 4 years or less.
(3)
The court may include the treatment orders in a single form of order that states each offence for which a treatment order is made.
(4)
The court must not impose a penalty on the offender under this Act for 1 or more of the offences if the penalty may reduce or otherwise interfere with the offender’s ability to comply with a treatment order applying to the offender.
s 151H ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 3
Making treatment orders
pt 8A div 3 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Subdivision 1
Preliminary steps
pt 8A div 3 sdiv 1 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151I
Explaining treatment order
(1)
Before making a treatment order, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender the purpose and effect of the order, including—
(a)
the content of the custodial part and rehabilitation part of the treatment order; and
(b)
the core conditions of the rehabilitation part of the treatment order; and
(c)
the potential requirements of the treatment program under the rehabilitation part of the treatment order, including the impacts on the offender’s right to privacy that may be necessary to comply with the treatment order; and
Examples of impacts on the offender’s right to privacy—
•
the requirement to consent to the sharing of information about the offender between review team members
•
a requirement the offender wear a drug or alcohol monitoring device
•
a requirement to install monitoring devices at the offender’s place of residence
(d)
what may happen if the offender does not comply with the rehabilitation part of the treatment order; and
(e)
when and how the treatment order, and the rehabilitation part of the treatment order, may be amended, revoked, cancelled or terminated.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language, or in a way, likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 151I ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151J
Offender to agree to making of order
The court may consider making the treatment order only if the offender—
(a)
agrees to the order being made; and
(b)
agrees to comply with the order.
s 151J ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151K
Adjournment for obtaining suitability assessment report
(1)
If the court is considering making a treatment order for an offender, and the agreement of the offender has been obtained under section 151J, the court must make an order requiring an appropriately qualified review team member to—
(a)
prepare a suitability assessment report that complies with section 151L; and
(b)
give the report to the court within 28 days after the order is made, or a longer period allowed by the court.
(2)
The court must give a copy of the suitability assessment report to—
(a)
the prosecutor; and
(b)
the offender’s legal representative; and
(c)
the review team; and
(d)
if the court orders—the offender.
s 151K ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151L
Requirements for suitability assessment report
A suitability assessment report for an offender must include—
(a)
an assessment of whether the offender has a severe substance use disorder; and
(b)
an assessment of the suitability of the offender for release under a treatment order; and
(c)
if the report states the offender is suitable for release under a treatment order—a proposed treatment program for the offender.
s 151L ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Subdivision 2
Content of treatment orders
pt 8A div 3 sdiv 2 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151M
Content
A treatment order for an offender must—
(a)
record the offender’s conviction; and
(b)
include—
(i)
a custodial part; and
(ii)
a rehabilitation part.
s 151M ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Subdivision 3
Custodial part
pt 8A div 3 sdiv 3 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151N
Custodial part of treatment order
(1)
In making a treatment order, the court must—
(a)
sentence the offender to imprisonment for 4 years or less; and
(b)
order that the sentence of imprisonment is suspended; and
(c)
state the period (the operational period) during which the offender must not commit another offence if the offender is to avoid being dealt with under section 151O for the suspended sentence.
(2)
The matters stated in subsection (1) constitute the custodial part of the treatment order.
(3)
For subsection (1)(c), the operational period—
(a)
starts on the day the order is made; and
(b)
must end on a day at least 2 years but not more than 5 years after the day it starts.
(4)
The operational period must be at least as long as the sentence of imprisonment imposed under the order.
(5)
An offender to whom a treatment order applies has to serve the sentence of imprisonment suspended under the custodial part of the order only if the offender is ordered to do so under section 151O(2)(c) or (d) or 151W(1)(c) or (d).
s 151N ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151O
Orders if offender commits offence for which imprisonment may be imposed
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the court—
(i)
convicts an offender to whom a treatment order applies of an offence for which imprisonment may be imposed; and
(ii)
is satisfied the offence was committed during the operational period for the treatment order; or
(b)
an offender to whom a treatment order applies is otherwise before the court and the court is satisfied—
(i)
the offender was convicted, in or outside Queensland, of an offence for which imprisonment may be imposed; and
(ii)
the offence was committed during the operational period for the treatment order.
(2)
The court may, having regard to the matters stated in section 151P—
(a)
extend the operational period for the custodial part of the treatment order by no more than 1 year; or
(b)
if the operational period has expired when the court is dealing with the offender, make an order—
(i)
that the offender’s term of imprisonment be further suspended; and
(ii)
stating a period (also an operational period) during which the offender must not commit another offence if the offender is to avoid being dealt with again under this section; or
(c)
if the rehabilitation part of the treatment order is in force, order—
(i)
that the rehabilitation part of the treatment order is revoked; and
(ii)
that the offender must serve the whole or part of the sentence of imprisonment imposed under the custodial part of the treatment order, reduced by any period served by the offender under the rehabilitation part of the treatment order; or
(d)
order the offender to serve the whole or part of the sentence of imprisonment imposed under the custodial part of the treatment order, reduced by any period served by the offender under the rehabilitation part of the treatment order.
s 151O ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151P
Considerations for taking action under s 151O
(1)
In making an order under section 151O, the court must have regard to—
(a)
the extent to which the offender has otherwise complied with the treatment order; and
(b)
whether the subsequent offence is trivial having regard to—
(i)
the nature of the subsequent offence and the circumstances in which it was committed, including any physical or emotional harm done to a victim and any damage, injury or loss caused by the offender; and
(ii)
the proportionality between the culpability of the offender for the subsequent offence and the consequence of making the order; and
(iii)
the antecedents and any criminal history of the offender; and
(iv)
the prevalence of the original and subsequent offences; and
(v)
the motivation for the subsequent offence; and
(c)
the seriousness of the original offence, including any physical or emotional harm done to a victim and any damage, injury or loss caused by the offender; and
(d)
any special circumstance arising since the original sentence was imposed that affects whether it would be just to make the order.
(2)
In this section—
original offence means the offence for which a term of imprisonment has been suspended under section 151N(1)(b).
original sentence means the sentence imposed for the original offence.
subsequent offence means the offence committed during the operational period of a treatment order.
s 151P ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Subdivision 4
Rehabilitation part
pt 8A div 3 sdiv 4 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151Q
Rehabilitation part of treatment order
(1)
In making a treatment order, the court must—
(a)
include in the order a treatment program that complies with section 151S; and
(b)
order the offender to comply with—
(i)
the core conditions; and
(ii)
the treatment program.
(2)
The matters stated in subsection (1) constitute the rehabilitation part of the treatment order.
(3)
The rehabilitation part—
(a)
starts when the treatment order is made; and
(b)
ends on the day that is 2 years after the day it started, unless it is sooner cancelled or extended under division 4.
s 151Q ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151R
Core conditions
(1)
An offender to whom the rehabilitation part of a treatment order applies must comply with the conditions (the core conditions) stated in subsection (2).
(2)
The offender—
(a)
must not commit another offence; and
(b)
must report to a review team member for the treatment order at the places and times directed by an authorised corrective services officer or a review team member for the treatment order; and
(c)
must receive visits from an authorised corrective services officer or a review team member for the treatment order at the times directed by the officer or member; and
(d)
must notify an authorised corrective services officer of every change of the offender’s place of residence or employment within 2 business days after the change happens; and
(e)
must not leave or stay outside Queensland without the permission of the court; and
(f)
must appear before the court at the times directed by the court; and
(g)
must comply with any other reasonable direction of—
(i)
an authorised corrective services officer; or
(ii)
a review team member for the treatment order given under section 151T(2).
s 151R ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151S
Treatment program
(1)
The treatment program for a treatment order—
(a)
must state the period, of not more than 2 years, within which the program must be completed by the offender; and
(b)
may include the conditions or other requirements the court considers necessary to achieve the purposes of the treatment order.
(2)
Without limiting subsection (1)(b), the treatment program may include conditions requiring the offender to do the following, as stated in the treatment order or as directed by a review team member for the treatment order—
(a)
submit to medical, psychiatric or psychological treatment that is relevant to the offender’s rehabilitation;
(b)
submit to detoxification at a stated facility that is not a corrective services facility;
(c)
participate in counselling or programs relevant to the offender’s rehabilitation;
(d)
attend meetings with a review team member for the treatment order;
(e)
participate in vocational, educational or employment programs or courses;
(f)
submit to alcohol or other drug testing;
(g)
wear a device that detects alcohol or other drug usage by the offender;
(h)
install a device or equipment at the offender’s place of residence;
(i)
reside at a stated place for a stated period.
s 151S ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 4
Administering treatment orders
pt 8A div 4 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151T
Review team obligations and requirement for court to consult
(1)
The review team members for a treatment order who are representatives of treatment order agencies must assist the court in administering the order.
(2)
In administering a treatment order, the review team may—
(a)
give a direction that is reasonably necessary to achieve the purposes of the treatment order; and
(b)
consult with and be assisted by the chief executive (health).
(3)
In making an order or taking an action under this division in relation to a treatment order, the court—
(a)
must consult with the review team for the order about whether the order or action is appropriate; and
(b)
may consult with and be assisted by the chief executive (health).
(4)
In this section—
chief executive (health) means the chief executive of the department in which the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011 is administered.
s 151T ins 2017 No. 41s 35
amd 2018 No. 5s 167
151U
Court may cancel rehabilitation part of treatment order on early completion of treatment program
The court may cancel the whole or part of the rehabilitation part of the treatment order if the court is satisfied—
(a)
the offender has complied, or substantially complied, with the treatment program; and
(b)
continuation of the rehabilitation part, or a part of the rehabilitation part, is not necessary to achieve the purposes of the treatment order.
s 151U ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151V
Court may amend rehabilitation part of treatment order
(1)
The court may, from time to time, amend the rehabilitation part of a treatment order by—
(a)
adding conditions to or removing conditions from the treatment program; or
(b)
amending conditions imposed under the treatment program, including, for example, by amending the type or frequency of alcohol or other drug testing; or
(c)
extending the rehabilitation part of the treatment order.
(2)
The court may make the amendment—
(a)
on the court’s own initiative; or
(b)
on an application by—
(i)
the offender; or
(ii)
the prosecutor; or
(iii)
a review team member for the treatment order.
(3)
In deciding whether to make the amendment, the court must have regard to the extent to which the offender has complied with the treatment order.
(4)
However, the court may not extend the rehabilitation part of the treatment order beyond the day the custodial part of the treatment order ends.
(5)
The court must give reasons for a decision to amend a treatment order under this section.
s 151V ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151W
Failure to comply with rehabilitation part of treatment order
(1)
If a court is satisfied an offender has, without reasonable excuse, failed to comply with the rehabilitation part of the offender’s treatment order, the court may do any of the following—
(a)
impose a condition on the treatment program for the order the court considers necessary to achieve the purposes of the treatment order;
(b)
at any 1 hearing under this section, order that the offender perform up to 40 hours of community service, but not to the extent the order would increase the total amount of community service imposed on the offender in relation to the treatment order to more than 240 hours;
(c)
at any 1 hearing under this section, order that the offender must serve up to 7 consecutive days of the sentence of imprisonment suspended under the custodial part of the treatment order;
(d)
revoke the rehabilitation part of the treatment order and order that the offender must serve the whole or part of the sentence of imprisonment imposed under the custodial part of the treatment order, reduced by the period of imprisonment served by the offender under the treatment order;
(e)
amend the rehabilitation part of the treatment order under section 151V.
(2)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that—
(a)
an order made under subsection (1)(b) is not a community service order; and
(b)
the court may impose a condition or make an order mentioned in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) for the offender more than once.
(3)
In taking action under subsection (1)(d), the court must have regard to the extent to which the offender has otherwise complied with the treatment order.
(4)
The court must give reasons for a decision to take action under this section.
s 151W ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 5
Ending treatment orders
pt 8A div 5 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151X
Court may revoke treatment order
(1)
The court may revoke a treatment order—
(a)
on the court’s own initiative, if the court is satisfied the purposes of the treatment order can no longer be achieved, including, for example, because—
(i)
the offender is no longer capable of complying with the treatment order because of a physical or psychiatric disability; or
(ii)
the offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment for another offence; or
(iii)
the offender has failed to comply with the treatment order in a material way; or
(iv)
the offender is no longer willing to comply with the treatment order, or is unlikely to comply with the treatment order for another reason; or
(b)
on an application by—
(i)
the offender; or
(ii)
a prosecutor; or
(iii)
a review team member for the treatment order.
(2)
In deciding whether to revoke the treatment order, the court must—
(a)
consult with the review team for the treatment order about whether the revocation is appropriate; and
(b)
have regard to the extent to which the offender has complied with the treatment order.
s 151X ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151Y
Requirements for revocation
(1)
If the court revokes a treatment order—
(a)
for a treatment order made for the offender in relation to an offence dealt with summarily under the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 13A, the court must—
(i)
order that the record of the conviction for the offence be revoked; and
Note—
For the effect of not recording a conviction, see section 12.
(ii)
vacate the offender’s treatment order; and
(iii)
under the Justices Act 1886, section 113, commit the offender to the District Court for sentence, even though section 104(2)(b) of that Act has not been complied with; or
(b)
otherwise—the court may deal with the offender as if the offender had just been convicted of the eligible offence for which the treatment order was made.
(2)
However, in imposing a term of imprisonment on the offender under subsection (1), the court—
(a)
must reduce the term of imprisonment by any period of imprisonment served by the offender under the custodial part of the treatment order; and
(b)
can not impose a term of imprisonment that, together with any imprisonment served under the treatment order, exceeds the sentence of imprisonment that was imposed under the custodial part of the treatment order; and
(c)
must have regard to the extent to which the offender has otherwise complied with the treatment order.
s 151Y ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151Z
Termination of treatment orders
A treatment order made for an offender is terminated if—
(a)
it is revoked under section 151X; or
(b)
the operational period of the custodial part of the treatment order has ended.
s 151Z ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Division 6
Miscellaneous
pt 8A div 6 hdg ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151ZA
Immunity from prosecution
(1)
A person is not liable to prosecution for a relevant drug offence resulting from any admission made by the person for the purposes of—
(a)
preparing a suitability assessment report for the person; or
(b)
administering a treatment order for the person.
(2)
The admission, and any evidence obtained because of the admission, is not admissible against the person in a prosecution for the relevant drug offence.
(3)
Subsections (1) and (2) do not prevent the person from being prosecuted for the relevant drug offence if evidence of the offence, other than the admission made by the person or evidence obtained because of the admission, exists.
(4)
In this section—
relevant drug offence means the following offences—
(a)
an offence mentioned in the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 9, 9A or 10;
(b)
an offence that may be dealt with summarily under the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 13 or 14.
s 151ZA ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151ZB
Arrest warrants
(1)
A court may issue a warrant for an offender’s arrest if the court—
(a)
reasonably suspects, after consulting the review team for the offender’s treatment order, that the offender has failed to comply with the treatment order; or
(b)
revokes the offender’s treatment order.
(2)
The warrant authorises any police officer to arrest the offender and to bring the offender before the court.
s 151ZB ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151ZC
Court may remand offender in custody
(1)
If a warrant is issued under section 151ZB(1)(a), the court may remand the offender in custody to appear before the court if the court decides to—
(a)
reserve making a decision about revoking the treatment order or rehabilitation part of the treatment order; or
(b)
revoke the treatment order or rehabilitation part of the treatment order.
(2)
The period for which the offender may be remanded in custody is—
(a)
an initial period of not more than 30 days; and
(b)
a further period or periods of not more than 8 days.
(3)
If the court remands the offender in custody, the chief executive (corrective services) must ensure the person appears before the court to be dealt with as required.
s 151ZC ins 2017 No. 41s 35
151ZD
No appeal against particular decisions
(1)
An appeal does not lie against a decision of the court—
(a)
not to make a treatment order; or
(b)
that an offender has failed to comply with a treatment order; or
(c)
to cancel the rehabilitation part of a treatment order; or
(d)
to amend the rehabilitation part of a treatment order; or
(e)
to revoke the rehabilitation part of a treatment order; or
(f)
to revoke a treatment order.
(2)
Subsection (1) applies despite the Justices Act 1886, section 222 and the Criminal Code, chapter 67.
s 151ZD ins 2017 No. 41s 35
Part 9
Imprisonment
Division 1
Liability
pt 9 div 1 hdg ins 2006 No. 29s 491(1)
152
Court must record conviction
A court may make an order of imprisonment only if it records a conviction.
152A
Proper officer to give chief executive (corrective services) record of order of imprisonment
(1)
If a court orders an offender serve all or part of a term of imprisonment, the proper officer of the court must make a record of the order committing the offender into custody and give a copy of the record to the chief executive (corrective services).
(2)
The record must be in the approved form and may deal with each offence for which the offender is convicted.
(3)
Despite subsection (2), the proper officer of the court complies with subsection (1) if the proper officer gives the chief executive (corrective services) a verdict and judgment record under the Criminal Practice Rules 1999.
s 152A ins 2006 No. 29s 492
amd 2010 No. 26s 107
153
Imprisonment—liability to
(1)
An offender liable to imprisonment for life, or for any other period, may be sentenced to imprisonment for any lesser period.
(2)
An offender liable to imprisonment may be sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding the limits prescribed in section 46 in addition to, or instead of, the imprisonment.
153A
Term of imprisonment if none prescribed
If an offender is convicted of an offence punishable by imprisonment, but the maximum term of imprisonment is not prescribed by law, the maximum term that can be imposed is—
(a)
if the conviction is on indictment—5 years; or
(b)
if the conviction is not on indictment—2 years.
s 153A (prev s 160) renum and reloc 2006 No. 29s 495
Division 2
Calculation
pt 9 div 2 hdg ins 2006 No. 29s 491(2)
154
Calculation of term of imprisonment
(1)
Except as provided in sections 156(1), 158A and 159 and subject to an order being made under the repealed section 158, a term of imprisonment—
(a)
on conviction on indictment—starts on the day the court imposes imprisonment on the offender; and
(b)
on a summary conviction—starts at the beginning of the offender’s custody for the imprisonment.
(2)
In this section—
repealed section 158 means section 158 as in force immediately before it was repealed by the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2004.
s 154 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2004 No. 43s 78
155
Imprisonment to be served concurrently unless otherwise ordered
Unless otherwise provided by this Act, or the court imposing imprisonment otherwise orders, if—
(a)
an offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve, imprisonment for an offence; and
(b)
is sentenced to serve imprisonment for another offence;
the imprisonment for the other offence is to be served concurrently with the first offence.
156
Cumulative orders of imprisonment
(1)
If—
(a)
an offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve, imprisonment for an offence; and
(b)
is sentenced to serve imprisonment for another offence;
the imprisonment for the other offence may be directed to start from the end of the period of imprisonment the offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve.
(2)
Subsection (1) applies whether the imprisonment for the first offence is being served concurrently or cumulatively with imprisonment for another offence.
s 156 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
156A
Cumulative order of imprisonment must be made in particular circumstances
(1)
This section applies if an offender—
(a)
is convicted of an offence—
(i)
against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; or
(ii)
of counselling or procuring the commission of, or attempting or conspiring to commit, an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; and
(b)
committed the offence while—
(i)
a prisoner serving a term of imprisonment; or
(ii)
released on post-prison community based release under the Corrective Services Act 2000 or released on parole under the Corrective Services Act 2006; or
(iii)
on leave of absence, from a term of imprisonment, granted under the Corrective Services Act 2000 or the Corrective Services Act 2006; or
(iv)
at large after escaping from lawful custody under a sentence of imprisonment.
(2)
A sentence of imprisonment imposed for the offence must be ordered to be served cumulatively with any other term of imprisonment the offender is liable to serve.
s 156A ins 1997 No. 4s 8
amd 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2002 No. 34s 74sch 6; 2006 No. 29s 493; 2010 No. 34s 33sch
157
s 157 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1997 No. 4s 9; 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2
om 2006 No. 29s 494
158
s 158 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch
om 2004 No. 43s 79
158A
Term of imprisonment does not run if offender on bail awaiting appeal
The term of imprisonment of an offender who appeals against sentence, and is granted bail awaiting the determination of the appeal, does not run during the time the offender is on bail.
s 158A ins 1993 No. 36s 11
159
Term of imprisonment does not run while prisoner at large
An offender who commits an offence against the Criminal Code, section 142, on being returned to lawful custody, must serve the imprisonment that the offender would have served if the offender had not escaped in addition to any punishment imposed for the offence.
159A
Time held in presentence custody to be deducted
(1)
If an offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment for an offence, any time that the offender was held in custody in relation to proceedings for the offence must be taken to be imprisonment already served under the sentence, unless the sentencing court otherwise orders.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not apply to—
(a)
a period of custody of less than 1 day; or
(b)
imprisonment of less than 1 day; or
(c)
imprisonment that has been wholly suspended; or
(d)
the suspended part of imprisonment partly suspended.
(3)
If an offender was held in custody in circumstances to which subsection (1) applies, and the court has not made an order mentioned in subsection (3A), the sentencing court must, as part of the sentencing order—
(a)
state the dates between which the offender was held in presentence custody; and
(b)
calculate the time that the offender was held in presentence custody; and
(c)
declare the time calculated under paragraph (b) to be imprisonment already served under the sentence.
(3A)
Subsection (3B) applies if—
(a)
an offender was held in custody in circumstances to which subsection (1) applies (presentence custody); and
(b)
the sentencing court orders that the time, or part of the time, the offender was held in custody is not to be taken to be imprisonment already served under the sentence.
(3B)
The sentencing court must, as part of the sentencing order—
(a)
state the dates between which the offender was held in presentence custody; and
(b)
calculate the time that the offender was held in presentence custody; and
(c)
declare the part of the time that is taken to be imprisonment already served under the sentence or declare that no time is taken to be imprisonment already served under the sentence.
(3C)
If an offender was held in presentence custody and the sentencing court makes a declaration under subsection (3)(c) or (3B)(c), the sentencing court must cause the chief executive (corrective services) to be advised in writing of the declaration and its details.
(4)
If—
(a)
an offender is charged with a number of offences committed on different occasions; and
(b)
the offender has been in custody since arrest on charges of the offences and for no other reason;
the time held in presentence custody must be taken, for the purposes of subsection (1), to start when the offender was first arrested on any of those charges, even if the offender is not convicted of the offence for which the offender was first arrested or any 1 or more of the number of offences with which the offender is charged.
(4A)
To help the sentencing court for the purposes of subsections (3) and (3B), the prosecuting authority must give to the court a presentence custody certificate.
(5)
If the sentencing court is satisfied that the time declared under subsection (3) was not correct, it must—
(a)
declare the correct time; and
(b)
amend the sentence accordingly; and
(c)
cause the chief executive (corrective services) to be advised of the amendment.
(6)
An application for a declaration under subsection (3), (3B) or (5) may be made by—
(a)
the offender; or
(b)
the prosecuting authority; or
(c)
the offender and the prosecuting authority jointly.
(7)
If an application for a declaration under subsection (5) is made by the offender and the prosecuting authority jointly, the sentencing court may make the declaration having regard to written materials and submissions before it and without requiring the attendance of the parties.
(8)
Subsection (7) applies only if—
(a)
the parties propose in the joint application that the declaration be made having regard to written materials and submissions before the court and without the attendance of the parties; and
(b)
the application is accompanied by a draft order and written submission in support.
(9)
If the sentencing court decides that the application is inappropriate for decision without an oral hearing, the court—
(a)
must immediately notify the parties to the application of the decision by telephone or in some other way; and
(b)
may set a date for hearing.
(10)
In this section—
presentence custody certificate means a certificate, in the approved form, signed by the chief executive (corrective services), an authorised corrective services officer or the commissioner of the police service, that—
(a)
states the offence or offences for which the offender was held in custody; and
(b)
states the dates between which the offender was held in custody for each of those offences; and
(c)
calculates the time that the offender was held in custody.
proceedings for the offence includes proceedings that relate to the same, or same set of, circumstances as those giving rise to the charging of the offence.
prosecuting authority means—
(a)
if the sentencing court is the Supreme Court or a District Court—the director of public prosecutions; or
(b)
if the sentencing court is a Magistrates Court—the prosecutor.
s 159A (prev s 161) amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2004 No. 43s 80
renum 2006 No. 29s 496
amd 2017 No. 6s 68; 2020 No. 15s 164
Division 3
Parole
pt 9 div 3 hdg ins 2006 No. 29s 497
160
Definitions for div 3
In this division—
current parole eligibility date, in relation to the imposition of a term of imprisonment mentioned in section 160A on an offender, means a parole eligibility date—
(a)
previously fixed for the offender in relation to another term of imprisonment; and
(b)
cancelled under section 160E on the imposition of the term of imprisonment.
current parole release date, in relation to the imposition of a term of imprisonment mentioned in section 160A on an offender, means a parole release date—
(a)
previously fixed for the offender in relation to another term of imprisonment; and
(b)
cancelled under section 160E on the imposition of the term of imprisonment.
impose, a term of imprisonment on an offender for an offence, includes make an order that the offender serve—
(a)
the whole or part of suspended imprisonment for the offence; and
(b)
the unexpired portion of an intensive correction order for the offence.
s 160 def impose amd 2008 No. 55s 142
parole eligibility date, for an offender, means the date fixed under section 160B(2), (4) or (7), 160C(2), (3) or (5), 160D(2) or (3) or 213 as the date the offender is eligible for parole.
s 160 def parole eligibility date amd 2016 No. 62s 275; 2019 No. 10s 22
parole release date, for an offender, means the date fixed under section 160B(3) as the date the offender is to be released on parole.
period of imprisonment means the period of imprisonment that includes the term of imprisonment mentioned in section 160A.
Note—
Period of imprisonment therefore includes the term of imprisonment a court is imposing at the time of sentence.
sexual offence means a sexual offence within the meaning of the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 160 ins 2006 No. 29s 497 (amd 2006 No. 41s 35B(1)–(2))
160A
Application of ss 160B–160D
(1)
Sections 160B to 160D apply if a court is imposing a term of imprisonment on an offender for an offence.
(2)
Sections 160B to 160D are the only law under which a court may, on sentence of an offender for an offence, make an order relating to a person’s release on parole.
Note—
Sections 160E to 160H further provide for the orders that may be made under sections 160B to 160D.
(3)
A court can not, on sentence of an offender for an offence, make a recommendation for a person’s release on parole.
(4)
This section applies subject to any express provision to the contrary, in an Act, about a particular sentence.
Examples—
•
Criminal Code
, sections 305(2) and (4) and 314A(5) and (6)
•
a provision providing that a minimum term of imprisonment be served
(5)
Also—
(a)
a court can not fix a date under sections 160B to 160D that reduces the minimum period of imprisonment an offender must serve under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 181(2), (2A) or (2B), 181A, 182(2) or (2A), 182A(3) or (3A), 183(2) or (2B) or 185B (each a relevant provision); and
(b)
no date fixed by the court under sections 160B to 160D can reduce the minimum period of imprisonment an offender must serve under a relevant provision.
(6)
Sections 160B to 160D do not apply if a court sentences an offender to a term of imprisonment and makes any of the following orders under this Act for the offender—
(a)
an intensive correction order;
(b)
a probation order mentioned in section 92(1)(b);
(c)
an order that the whole or a part of the term of imprisonment be suspended.
s 160A ins 2006 No. 29s 497 (amd 2006 No. 41s 35B(3))
amd 2012 No. 14s 6; 2012 No. 19s 15; 2012 No. 40s 7; 2013 No. 31s 57l; 2013 No. 35s 142C; 2013 No. 45s 51; 2014 No. 42s 98; 2016 No. 62s 276
160AA
Reduction of minimum period of imprisonment for particular offenders
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a court is imposing a term of imprisonment on an offender for a prescribed offence committed with a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation; and
(b)
either—
(i)
the term of imprisonment imposed is imprisonment for life; or
(ii)
the offender is serving a term of imprisonment for life; and
(c)
section 13A or 13B applies for the sentence.
Note—
See section 161S in relation to the application of sections 13A and 13B for the sentencing of an offender mentioned in paragraph (a).
(2)
The court may fix a date under section 160C or 160D that—
(a)
reduces the minimum period of imprisonment the offender must otherwise serve under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 181(2A) or (2B) or 181A(3) or (4); but
(b)
does not reduce the minimum period of imprisonment the offender must serve under section 181(2) or 181A(2) of that Act.
(3)
Also, no date fixed by the court as mentioned in subsection (2) can reduce the minimum period of imprisonment the offender must serve under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 181(2) or 181A(2).
(4)
This section applies despite section 160A(5).
(5)
In this section—
prescribed offence see section 161N.
s 160AA ins 2016 No. 62s 277
160B
Sentence of 3 years or less and not a serious violent offence or sexual offence
(1)
This section applies if neither section 160C nor 160D applies.
(2)
If the offender has had a court ordered parole order cancelled under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 205 or 209 during the offender’s period of imprisonment, the court must fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
(3)
If subsection (2) does not apply, the court must fix a date for the offender to be released on parole.
(4)
However, the court may fix the date the offender is eligible for parole, instead of a date for the offender to be released on parole, if—
(a)
the offender has, at any time, been convicted of a terrorism offence, whether or not the conviction has been recorded; or
(b)
the offender is the subject of a Commonwealth control order; or
(c)
the court is satisfied the offender has—
(i)
carried out an activity to support the carrying out of a terrorist act; or
(ii)
made a statement in support of the carrying out of a terrorist act; or
(iii)
carried out an activity, or made a statement, to advocate the carrying out of a terrorist act or support for the carrying out of a terrorist act.
(5)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that a reference in subsection (4)(c) to a terrorist act—
(a)
includes a terrorist act that has not happened; and
(b)
is not limited to a specific terrorist act.
(6)
If the offender had a current parole eligibility date or current parole release date, a date fixed under subsection (2), (3) or (4) must not be earlier than the current parole eligibility date or current parole release date.
Note—
See also section 160F.
(7)
Despite subsections (2), (3) and (4), the court must fix the date the offender is eligible for parole under subsection (8) if—
(a)
the offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment under section 161R(2); and
(b)
in imposing the base component of the sentence under that section, the court would, apart from this subsection, be required to fix a date for the offender under subsection (2), (3) or (4).
Note—
Section 161R
(2)
(a) requires the court to impose a sentence of imprisonment for the offence of which the offender is convicted under the law apart from part 9D.
(8)
The date the offender is eligible for parole is the day that is worked out by adding the relevant further period to the date the court would otherwise fix for the offender under subsection (2), (3) or (4) if the term of imprisonment imposed on the offender under section 161R(2) consisted only of the base component of the sentence imposed under that section.
(9)
In this section—
Commonwealth control order means a control order as defined in the Criminal Code (Cwlth), section 100.1(1).
relevant further period, for an offender sentenced to a term of imprisonment under section 161R(2), means the period of the mandatory component of the sentence imposed on the offender under that section.
terrorism offence means—
(a)
a terrorism offence under the Crimes Act 1914 (Cwlth); or
(b)
an offence against the repealed Crimes (Foreign Incursions and Recruitment) Act 1978 (Cwlth), sections 6 to 9; or
(c)
an offence against the Terrorism (Community Protection) Act 2003 (Vic), section 4B; or
(d)
an offence against the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW), section 310J; or
(e)
an offence against the Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA), section 83CA; or
(f)
another offence against a provision of a law of the Commonwealth or another State if the provision—
(i)
is prescribed by regulation; and
(ii)
is in relation to an activity that involves a terrorist act, or is preparatory to the carrying out of an activity that involves a terrorist act.
terrorist act see the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 211.
s 160B ins 2006 No. 29s 497 (amd 2006 No. 41s 35B(4))
amd 2016 No. 62s 278; 2019 No. 10s 23
160C
Sentence of more than 3 years and not a serious violent offence or sexual offence
(1)
This section applies if section 160D does not apply and the offender’s period of imprisonment is more than 3 years.
(2)
If the offender had a current parole eligibility date, the court must fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
(3)
If the offender had a current parole release date, the court may fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
(4)
A date fixed under subsection (2) or (3) must not be earlier than the current parole eligibility date or current parole release date mentioned in the subsection for the offender.
(5)
If neither subsection (2) nor (3) applies, the court may fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
Note—
See also section 160F.
s 160C ins 2006 No. 29s 497
amd 2013 No. 31s 58; 2013 No. 35s 142D
160D
Sentence for a serious violent offence or sexual offence
(1)
This section applies if the offender’s period of imprisonment includes a term of imprisonment for a serious violent offence or a sexual offence.
(2)
If the offender had a current parole eligibility date or current parole release date, the court must fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
(3)
If subsection (2) does not apply, the court may fix the date the offender is eligible for parole.
(4)
A date fixed under subsection (2) must not be earlier than the current parole eligibility date or current parole release date.
Note—
See also section 160F.
s 160D ins 2006 No. 29s 497
amd 2013 No. 31s 59; 2013 No. 35s 142E
160E
Automatic cancellation of parole release or eligibility dates
(1)
An offender’s parole release date is automatically cancelled when—
(a)
a court fixes another parole release date or parole eligibility date for the offender under this division; or
(b)
a court imposes a term of imprisonment on the offender—
(i)
for a serious violent offence or a sexual offence; or
(ii)
that results in the offender’s period of imprisonment being more than 3 years.
(2)
An offender’s parole eligibility date is automatically cancelled when—
(a)
a court fixes another parole eligibility date for the offender under this division; or
(b)
a court imposes a term of imprisonment on the offender—
(i)
for a serious violent offence or a sexual offence; or
(ii)
that results in the offender’s period of imprisonment being more than 3 years.
Example—
O is sentenced to a 5-year term of imprisonment on 1 March 2007. The sentencing court fixes O’s parole eligibility date at 1 October 2009. On 1 April 2010, O, whose application for parole in relation to the first term of imprisonment was unsuccessful, is sentenced to a further term of 2 years imprisonment to be served cumulatively with the first term. O’s parole eligibility date of 1 October 2009 is cancelled under subparagraph (ii) and, under section 160C(2), the court must again fix a date that O is eligible for parole.
(3)
Subsections (1) and (2) have effect even though the court fixing the relevant date or imposing the further term of imprisonment is a court of lesser jurisdiction than the court that fixed the current parole release date or current parole eligibility date being cancelled under the subsection.
s 160E ins 2006 No. 29s 497
amd 2013 No. 31s 60; 2013 No. 35s 142F
160F
Significance of an offender’s period of imprisonment
(1)
One of the objects of sections 160A to 160E is to ensure that at any 1 time there is only 1 parole release date or parole eligibility date in existence for an offender.
(2)
When fixing a date under this division as the date an offender is to be released on parole or is to be eligible for release on parole, the date fixed by the court must be a date relating to the offender’s period of imprisonment as opposed to a particular term of imprisonment.
Examples—
1
O is sentenced to a term of 1 year’s imprisonment on 1 July 2007 with a parole release date of 1 January 2008. O is released on parole on 1 January 2008. On 1 April 2008, O is sentenced to a further term of 1 year’s imprisonment for another offence. A parole eligibility date fixed for O under section 160B(2) must relate to the 2 years period of imprisonment to which O has been sentenced and must not be earlier than 1 January 2008.
2
O is sentenced to a term of 1 year’s imprisonment on 1 July 2007 with a parole release date of 1 January 2008. On 1 November 2007, O is sentenced to a further term of 1 year’s imprisonment for another offence, to be served concurrently with the first term. A parole release date fixed for O under section 160B(3) must relate to the 16 months period of imprisonment to which O has been sentenced and must not be earlier than 1 January 2008.
s 160F ins 2006 No. 29s 497
160G
Court may fix any day of sentence as parole release date
(1)
If, under this Act, the court must fix a parole release date for an offender, the court may fix any day of the offender’s sentence as the offender’s parole release date.
Examples—
1
An offender who has been held in remand for 7 days is found guilty of an offence and sentenced to 7 days imprisonment. The sentencing court may fix the sentencing day as the offender’s parole release date.
2
An offender is sentenced to 14 days imprisonment for contempt of court. The sentencing court may fix the last day of the sentence as the offender’s parole release date.
(2)
If the offender’s parole release date is the date the offender is to be unconditionally released from lawful custody, the chief executive (corrective services) is not required to issue a court ordered parole order under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 199.
(3)
If the court fixes the date on which an offender is sentenced as the offender’s parole release date and subsection (2) does not apply, the offender is taken immediately to be subject to a court ordered parole order—
(a)
containing the conditions mentioned in the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 200(1); and
(b)
requiring the offender to report to a probation and parole office as defined under that Act and obtain a copy of the court ordered parole order between 9a.m. and 5p.m. either on the day the court fixes the offender’s parole release date or on the next business day.
Examples—
1
The court fixes the offender’s parole release date on a Thursday and the following day (Friday) is not a public holiday. The offender must report to a probation and parole office and obtain a copy of the parole order either before 5p.m. on the Thursday or between 9a.m. and 5p.m. on the Friday.
2
The court fixes the offender’s parole release date on a Friday and the following Monday is not a public holiday. The offender must report to a probation and parole office and obtain a copy of the parole order either before 5p.m. on the Friday or between 9a.m. and 5p.m. on the Monday.
(4)
An offender who fails to report to a probation and parole office and obtain a copy of the court ordered parole order as required under subsection (3)(b) is unlawfully at large for the Corrective Services Act 2006.
(5)
A court mentioned in subsection (3) must, when fixing the offender’s parole release date, tell the offender—
(a)
of the requirement imposed on the offender under the subsection; and
(b)
of the consequences if the offender fails to comply with the requirement.
(6)
In this section—
court ordered parole order means a court ordered parole order as defined under the Corrective Services Act 2006.
s 160G ins 2006 No. 29s 497
160H
Series of sentences involving terms of imprisonment
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a court is imposing more than 1 term of imprisonment in a series of sentencing orders; and
(b)
an order (the first order) made by the court in relation to a term of imprisonment under this division would, because of section 160E, be cancelled in the series of sentencing orders by another order made under this division or by the imposition of another term of imprisonment.
(2)
It is not necessary for the court to make the first order but, in making an order under this division that has final effect in relation to the series of sentencing orders, the court may only make an order that it could make if it had made the first order.
Example—
O has been charged with 3 offences and found guilty of each. The court sentences O to 2 years imprisonment on charge 1, 1 year’s imprisonment on charge 2 and 2 years and 6 months imprisonment on charge 3, the terms to be served concurrently. It is not necessary for the court to make an order fixing a parole release date for each of the offences. The court may make a single order fixing a parole release date for the resulting period of imprisonment which must not be a date earlier in time than a parole release date notionally fixed under any of the previous orders the court would, apart from this section, be required to make.
s 160H ins 2006 No. 29s 497 (amd 2006 No. 41s 35B(5)–(7))
Part 9A
Convictions of serious violent offences
pt 9A hdg ins 1997 No. 4s 10
161A
When an offender is convicted of a serious violent offence
An offender is convicted of a serious violent offence if—
(a)
the offender is—
(i)
convicted on indictment of an offence—
(A)
against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; or
(B)
of counselling or procuring the commission of, or attempting or conspiring to commit, an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; and
(ii)
sentenced to 10 or more years imprisonment for the offence, calculated under section 161C; or
(b)
the offender is convicted on indictment and declared to be convicted of a serious violent offence under section 161B(3) or (4).
s 161A ins 1997 No. 4s 10
amd 2010 No. 34s 33sch
161B
Declaration of conviction of serious violent offence
(1)
If an offender is convicted of a serious violent offence under section 161A(a), the sentencing court must declare the conviction to be a conviction of a serious violent offence as part of the sentence.
(2)
However, the failure of the sentencing court to make a declaration as required under subsection (1) does not affect the fact that the offender has been convicted of a serious violent offence.
(3)
If an offender is—
(a)
convicted on indictment of an offence—
(i)
against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; or
(ii)
of counselling or procuring the commission of, or attempting or conspiring to commit, an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; and
(b)
sentenced to 5 or more, but less than 10, years imprisonment for the offence, calculated under section 161C;
the sentencing court may declare the offender to be convicted of a serious violent offence as part of the sentence.
(4)
Also, if an offender is—
(a)
convicted on indictment of an offence—
(i)
that involved the use, counselling or procuring the use, or conspiring or attempting to use, serious violence against another person; or
(ii)
that resulted in serious harm to another person; and
(b)
sentenced to a term of imprisonment for the offence;
the sentencing court may declare the offender to be convicted of a serious violent offence as part of the sentence.
(5)
For subsections (3) and (4), if an offender is convicted on indictment of an offence—
(a)
that involved the use, counselling or procuring the use, or conspiring or attempting to use, violence against a child under 12 years; or
(b)
that caused the death of a child under 12 years;
the sentencing court must treat the age of the child as an aggravating factor in deciding whether to declare the offender to be convicted of a serious violent offence.
s 161B ins 1997 No. 4s 10
amd 2010 No. 48s 7; 2010 No. 34s 33sch
161C
Calculation of number of years of imprisonment
(1)
This section applies for deciding whether an offender is sentenced—
(a)
under section 161A(a)—to 10 or more years imprisonment (the specified years of imprisonment); or
(b)
under section 161B(3)—to 5 or more, but less than 10, years imprisonment (also the specified years of imprisonment);
for an offence—
(c)
against a provision mentioned in schedule 1; or
(d)
of counselling or procuring the commission of, or attempting or conspiring to commit, an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1.
(2)
An offender is sentenced to the specified years of imprisonment if—
(a)
the offender is sentenced to a term of imprisonment of the specified years for the offence; or
(b)
the term of imprisonment to which the offender is sentenced for the offence is part of a period of imprisonment of the specified years imposed on convictions consisting of the conviction on which the offender is being sentenced and any 1 or more of the following—
(i)
a conviction of an offence mentioned in subsection (1)(c) or (d);
(ii)
a conviction declared to be a conviction of a serious violent offence under section 161B.
(3)
For subsection (2), whether the offender is sentenced to the specified years of imprisonment must be calculated as at the day of sentence.
s 161C ins 1997 No. 4s 10
amd 2010 No. 34s 33sch
Part 9B
Repeat serious child sex offences
pt 9B hdg ins 2012 No. 14s 7
161D
Meaning of serious child sex offence
A serious child sex offence is an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1A, or an offence that involved counselling or procuring the commission of an offence mentioned in schedule 1A, committed—
(a)
in relation to a child under 16 years; and
(b)
in circumstances in which an offender convicted of the offence would be liable to imprisonment for life.
s 161D prev s 161D ins 1997 No. 4s 10
amd 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2
om 2006 No. 29s 498
pres s 161D ins 2012 No. 14s 7
161E
Mandatory sentence for repeat serious child sex offence
(1)
An offender is convicted of a repeat serious child sex offence if—
(a)
the offender is convicted of a serious child sex offence (the repeat offence) committed by the offender when the offender was an adult; and
(b)
before the offender committed the repeat offence, the offender was convicted of another serious child sex offence committed by the offender when the offender was an adult.
(2)
An offender who is convicted of a repeat serious child sex offence is liable to, despite any other penalty imposed by the Criminal Code, imprisonment for life, which can not be mitigated or varied under any law, or is liable to an indefinite sentence under part 10.
(3)
For the indefinite sentence under part 10 mentioned in subsection (2), the sentence of imprisonment for life, which can not be mitigated or varied under any law, is—
(a)
the nominal sentence under section 163(2); and
(b)
the finite sentence under section 173(1)(b).
s 161E ins 2012 No. 14s 7
Part 9C
Serious drug offences
pt 9C hdg ins 2013 No. 21s 63
Division 1
Interpretation
pt 9C div 1 hdg ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161F
Meaning of category A offence, category B offence and category C offence
(1)
An offence is a category A offence if the offence is against a provision listed in schedule 1B, part 1, column 1.
(2)
An offence is a category B offence if the offence is—
(a)
against a provision listed in schedule 1B, part 2, column 1; and
(b)
either—
(i)
no relevant circumstance is listed in column 3; or
(ii)
the relevant circumstance listed for the provision in column 3 applies in relation to the offence.
(3)
An offence is a category C offence if—
(a)
the offence is against a provision listed in schedule 1B, part 3, column 1; and
(b)
the relevant circumstance listed for the provision in column 3 applies in relation to the offence.
(4)
Column 2 of schedule 1B gives the headings of the provisions mentioned in column 1 of the schedule, and is for information only.
s 161F ins 2013 No. 21s 63
Division 2
Issue of serious drug offence certificates
pt 9C div 2 hdg ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161G
Issue of serious drug offence certificate
(1)
When a court is imposing a sentence on an offender who is convicted of a serious drug offence, the court must issue a certificate (a serious drug offence certificate) for each serious drug offence of which the offender is convicted.
Notes—
1
For provisions about the use of serious drug offence certificates in relation to forfeiture of property, see the Criminal Proceeds Confiscation Act 2002, chapter 2A.
2
Section 161M provides for the process to be followed by the proper officer of the court on the issue of a serious drug offence certificate.
(2)
Subsection (3) applies if—
(a)
the court is sentencing the offender for 2 or more serious drug offences (related offences); and
(b)
the court is satisfied on the balance of probabilities that the offences arise out of a single course of conduct.
Example for subsection (2)—
An offender is convicted of producing a dangerous drug, possessing a dangerous drug and possessing things used in connection with the production of a dangerous drug and the 3 offences arise from the production of the same dangerous drug.
(3)
Despite subsection (1), the court must issue a serious drug offence certificate only for the most serious related offence of which the person is convicted.
(4)
For subsection (3), the most serious related offence of which the person is convicted is—
(a)
the related offence that belongs to the highest category mentioned in schedule 1B, with category A being the highest; or
(b)
if more than 1 related offence belongs to the same category mentioned in schedule 1B—the offence that was committed first.
(5)
For subsection (4)(b), if an offence has been committed over a period of time, the date of commission of the offence is the date the person started committing the offence.
(6)
The court must hear any submission made by the offender or an authorised officer about the issue of the serious drug offence certificate.
(7)
If the court has made a finding of fact that the offender committed a category C offence with a commercial purpose—
(a)
the court must record this finding on the certificate; and
(b)
a sentencing judge or magistrate must sign the certificate to confirm the finding.
(8)
This section applies subject to section 161I.
Note—
Section 161I applies if a court is later sentencing the offender for a serious drug offence and the court is satisfied that the offence is a related offence in relation to an offence for which a serious drug offence certificate has already been issued. The later offence is taken to be a related offence. Instead of issuing a further serious drug offence certificate for the later offence, the court must amend the serious drug offence certificate.
s 161G ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161H
Content of serious drug offence certificate
A serious drug offence certificate must be in the approved form and must state the following—
(a)
the name of the offender;
(b)
the serious drug offence for which the certificate is issued;
(c)
whether the offence was a category A offence, category B offence or category C offence;
(d)
the date the certificate was issued;
(e)
a list of any related offences for which the court did not issue a serious drug offence certificate under section 161G(3) or section 161I(2), in the order of seriousness of the related offences.
s 161H ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161I
Amendment of certificate by court to include related offence for which offender is sentenced later
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a court is imposing a sentence on an offender for a serious drug offence (the later offence); and
(b)
a serious drug offence certificate has already been issued by a court for a serious drug offence (the earlier offence) of which the person is convicted; and
(c)
the court is satisfied on the balance of probabilities the later offence would be a related offence in relation to the earlier offence if the offender had been sentenced for both offences at the same time.
(2)
The later offence is taken to be a related offence in relation to the earlier offence and any other related offences for which a serious drug offence certificate was not issued under section 161G(3).
(3)
The court must amend the serious drug offence certificate issued for the earlier offence—
(a)
if the later offence is the most serious related offence—so the certificate is issued for the later offence and to list the earlier offence as a related offence for which a serious drug offence certificate is not issued under subsection (2); or
(b)
otherwise—to list the later offence as a related offence for which a serious drug offence certificate is not issued under subsection (2).
(4)
The court must hear any submission made by the offender or an authorised officer about whether the later offence is a related offence and how the serious drug offence certificate should be amended.
s 161I ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161J
Amendment of certificate by proper officer to correct minor error
(1)
The proper officer of the court that issued a serious drug offence certificate may amend the certificate if the amendment is necessary to correct a minor error.
(2)
The proper officer may refer the matter to the court for a decision on whether the certificate should be amended and how.
Note—
Section 161M provides for the process to be followed by the proper officer of the court on the amendment of a serious drug offence certificate.
s 161J ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161K
Amendment by proper officer, or cancellation, of certificate on quashing of conviction or appeal
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a conviction of the serious drug offence for which a serious drug offence certificate is issued is quashed; or
(b)
a category B offence or a category C offence for which a serious drug offence certificate is issued is, following an appeal, no longer either a category B offence or a category C offence.
Example for paragraph (b)—
Because of a finding made by an appeal court, a relevant circumstance mentioned in schedule 1B, column 3 no longer applies to a category B offence or category C offence.
(2)
Subject to subsection (4), the serious drug offence certificate is taken to be cancelled and can not be used in a proceeding under the Criminal Proceeds Confiscation Act 2002.
(3)
Subsection (4) applies if—
(a)
related offences for which a serious drug offence certificate was not issued under section 161G(3) or section 161I(2) are listed on the serious drug offence certificate; and
(b)
the offender’s conviction of 1 or more of the related offences has not been quashed.
(4)
The proper officer of the court that issued the serious drug offence certificate must, on an application by an authorised officer, amend the certificate so it is issued for the next most serious related offence for which the conviction of the offender has not been quashed.
Note—
Section 161M provides for the process to be followed by the proper officer of the court on the amendment of a serious drug offence certificate.
(5)
The proper officer may refer the matter to the court for a decision on how the certificate should be amended.
s 161K ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161L
Effect of amendment of certificate on date of issue
(1)
This section applies if a certificate is amended under section 161I or section 161K.
(2)
The certificate is taken to have been issued on the date the certificate is most recently amended.
s 161L ins 2013 No. 21s 63
161M
Process for issuing or amending certificate
(1)
This section applies if a court, or the proper officer of a court, issues a serious drug offence certificate under section 161G or amends a serious drug offence certificate under section 161I, 161J or 161K.
(2)
The proper officer must as soon as reasonably practicable—
(a)
place a copy of the issued or amended certificate on the court file; and
(b)
give a copy of the issued or amended certificate to the offender; and
(c)
give 2 copies of the issued or amended certificate to the director of public prosecutions.
(3)
The director of public prosecutions must give 1 copy of the issued or amended certificate to the Crime and Corruption Commission.
(4)
A copy of a certificate required to be given under subsection (2) or (3) may be given electronically.
s 161M ins 2013 No. 21s 63
amd 2014 No. 21s 94(2)sch 2
Part 9D
Serious and organised crime
pt 9D hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Division 1
Preliminary
pt 9D div 1 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161N
Definitions for part
In this part—
benefit includes property, advantage, service, entertainment, the use of or access to property or facilities, and anything of benefit to a person whether or not it has any inherent or tangible value, purpose or attribute.
commissioner means the commissioner of the police service.
control order means an order made under division 3, subdivision 1.
corresponding control order means an order prescribed to be a corresponding control order under section 161ZW.
criminal organisation see section 161O.
honorary member, of an organisation, includes a person who is a member of the organisation, but has not paid a fee to be a member of the organisation.
office holder, of an organisation, means—
(a)
a person who is a president, vice-president, treasurer, secretary, director or another office holder or a shareholder of the organisation; or
(b)
a person who (whether by words or conduct, or in any other way) asserts, declares or advertises that the person holds a position of authority of any kind within the organisation; or
(c)
a person who is in control of all or a substantial part of the activities of the organisation; or
(d)
if the organisation appoints a person to be in charge of an activity of the organisation or keep order at a meeting or gathering of the organisation—the person appointed.
Examples—
•
a person appointed to administer a child exploitation material website
•
a person appointed to supervise the call centre of a cold-call investment fraud operation
•
a person appointed as the sergeant-at-arms of a motorcycle club
participant, in a criminal organisation, see section 161P.
prescribed offence means an offence against a provision mentioned in schedule 1C.
prospective member, of an organisation, means a person who has started, but not completed, the process of becoming a member of the organisation.
registered corresponding control order means a corresponding control order that is registered under division 3, subdivision 5.
senior police officer means a police officer of or above the rank of sergeant.
serious criminal activity means conduct constituting an indictable offence for which the maximum penalty is at least 7 years imprisonment.
serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation see section 161Q.
s 161N ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161O
Meaning of criminal organisation
(1)
A criminal organisation is a group of 3 or more persons, whether arranged formally or informally—
(a)
who engage in, or have as their purpose (or 1 of their purposes) engaging in, serious criminal activity; and
(b)
who, by their association, represent an unacceptable risk to the safety, welfare or order of the community.
(2)
For subsection (1), it does not matter whether—
(a)
the group of persons—
(i)
has a name; or
(ii)
is capable of being recognised by the public as a group; or
(iii)
has an ongoing existence as a group beyond the serious criminal activity in which the group engages or has as a purpose; or
(iv)
has a legal personality; or
(b)
the persons comprising the group—
(i)
have different roles in relation to the serious criminal activity; or
Example—
Of the persons comprising a methylamphetamine syndicate, different persons are responsible for supplying the cold and flu tablets, extracting the pseudoephedrine from the tablets, supplying other necessary ingredients, and cooking the ingredients to produce methylamphetamine.
(ii)
have different interests in, or obtain different benefits from, the serious criminal activity; or
Example—
Of the 3 persons comprising a group that engages in serious criminal activity, 1 person obtains the profit from the activity and pays the other 2 persons an amount for engaging in the activity.
(iii)
change from time to time.
Example—
a networked online child exploitation forum
(3)
In this section—
engage, in serious criminal activity, includes each of the following—
(a)
organise, plan, facilitate, support, or otherwise conspire to engage in, serious criminal activity;
(b)
obtain a material benefit, directly or indirectly, from serious criminal activity.
s 161O ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161P
Meaning of participant
(1)
A person is a participant, in a criminal organisation, if—
(a)
the person has been accepted as a member of the organisation and has not ceased to be a member of the organisation; or
(b)
the person is an honorary member of the organisation; or
(c)
the person is a prospective member of the organisation; or
(d)
the person is an office holder of the organisation; or
(e)
the person identifies himself or herself in any way as belonging to the organisation; or
Examples—
•
using a theme-based naming convention or icon to establish a screen name or profile for an online child exploitation forum
•
wearing or displaying the patches or insignia, or a version of the patches or insignia, of a criminal organisation
(f)
the person’s conduct in relation to the organisation would reasonably lead someone else to consider the person to be a participant in the organisation.
Example of conduct for paragraph (f)—
doing any of the following for a criminal organisation involved in the production and sale of cannabis—
•
tending the cannabis plants
•
packaging the cannabis for sale
•
selling the cannabis
•
laundering the profits from the sale of the cannabis
•
managing the day-to-day business of the organisation
(2)
For subsection (1)(a), a person may be accepted as a member of a criminal organisation—
(a)
informally; or
(b)
through a process set by the organisation, including, for example, by paying a fee or levy.
s 161P ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161Q
Meaning of serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation
(1)
It is a circumstance of aggravation (a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation) for a prescribed offence of which an offender is convicted that, at the time the offence was committed, or at any time during the course of the commission of the offence, the offender—
(a)
was a participant in a criminal organisation; and
(b)
knew, or ought reasonably to have known, the offence was being committed—
(i)
at the direction of a criminal organisation or a participant in a criminal organisation; or
(ii)
in association with 1 or more persons who were, at the time the offence was committed, or at any time during the course of the commission of the offence, participants in a criminal organisation; or
(iii)
for the benefit of a criminal organisation.
(2)
For subsection (1)(b), an offence is committed for the benefit of a criminal organisation if the organisation obtains a benefit, directly or indirectly, from the commission of the offence.
(3)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that a criminal organisation mentioned in subsection (1)(b) need not be the criminal organisation in which the offender was a participant.
s 161Q ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Division 2
Term of imprisonment for particular offenders
pt 9D div 2 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161R
Court must impose term of imprisonment
(1)
This section applies to the sentencing of an offender convicted of a prescribed offence committed with a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation.
(2)
The court must impose on the offender a term of imprisonment consisting of the following components—
(a)
a sentence of imprisonment for the prescribed offence imposed under the law apart from this part and without regard to the following (the base component)—
(i)
the sentence that must be imposed on the offender under paragraph (b);
(ii)
the control order that must be made for the offender under section 161V;
(b)
(other than if a sentence of life imprisonment is imposed as the base component or the offender is already serving a term of life imprisonment) a sentence of imprisonment (the mandatory component) for the lesser of the following periods—
(i)
7 years;
(ii)
the period of imprisonment provided for under the maximum penalty for the prescribed offence.
Note—
See the Corrective Services Act 2006, sections 181(2A) and (2B) and 181A(3) and (4) in relation to the parole eligibility date of an offender whose sentence under this subsection does not include a mandatory component.
(3)
The mandatory component—
(a)
must be ordered to be served cumulatively with the base component; and
(b)
despite any other provision of this Act under which another sentence may be ordered, must be ordered to be served wholly in a corrective services facility; and
(c)
must not be mitigated or reduced under this Act or another Act or any law.
(4)
Also, if the offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve, imprisonment for another offence, the mandatory component must be ordered to be served cumulatively with the imprisonment for the other offence.
(5)
Despite subsection (3)(a), if the base component does not require the offender to immediately serve a sentence of imprisonment in a corrective services facility—
(a)
the offender is to immediately begin to serve the mandatory component; and
(b)
the base component is to have effect, so far as practicable, at the end of the mandatory component.
(6)
If the court is sentencing the offender for more than 1 prescribed offence committed with a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation, the court must impose the mandatory component for only 1 of the offences.
(7)
When deciding which prescribed offence to use for imposing the mandatory component, the court must choose the offence that will result in the offender serving the longest period of imprisonment available under this Act or another Act for the offences.
s 161R ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161S
Cooperation with law enforcement agencies
(1)
Subject to subsections (2) and (3), sections 13A and 13B apply for the sentencing of an offender who is convicted of a prescribed offence committed with a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation.
(2)
For section 13A, an offender mentioned in subsection (1) is taken to have undertaken to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in a proceeding about an offence, including a confiscation proceeding, only if—
(a)
the offender has undertaken to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in a proceeding about a major criminal offence; and
(b)
the court is satisfied the cooperation will be of significant use in a proceeding about a major criminal offence.
(3)
For section 13B, an offender mentioned in subsection (1) is taken to have significantly cooperated with a law enforcement agency in its investigations about an offence or a confiscation proceeding only if—
(a)
the offender has significantly cooperated with a law enforcement agency in its investigations about a major criminal offence; and
(b)
the court is satisfied the cooperation has been, is or will be of significant use to the law enforcement agency or another law enforcement agency in its investigations about a major criminal offence.
(4)
This section applies despite section 161R(3) or (4).
(5)
In this section—
major criminal offence means an indictable offence for which the maximum penalty is at least 5 years imprisonment.
s 161S ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Division 3
Control orders
pt 9D div 3 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 1
Making of orders
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 1 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161T
Court may make control order whether or not conviction recorded or other order made
A court may make a control order under this subdivision for an offender whether or not it records a conviction or makes another order for the offender under this Act or another Act.
s 161T ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161U
Conditions
(1)
A control order for an offender may impose—
(a)
the conditions the court considers appropriate to protect the public by preventing, restricting or disrupting the offender’s involvement in serious criminal activity; and
(b)
the conditions the court considers necessary to enforce the order.
Example—
a condition requiring the offender to advise a law enforcement officer if the offender changes address
(2)
Without limiting subsection (1)(a), a condition may—
(a)
prohibit the offender from—
(i)
associating with a stated person or a person of a stated class, including a person with whom the offender has a personal relationship; or
(ii)
entering or being in the vicinity of a stated place or a place of a stated class; or
(iii)
acquiring or possessing a stated thing or a thing of a stated class; or
(b)
restrict the means by which the offender communicates with other persons; or
(c)
require the offender—
(i)
to give a police officer or another stated person stated information by a stated time or at stated intervals; or
Example of stated information—
the offender’s computer passwords
(ii)
to attend before a police officer or another stated person by a stated time or at stated intervals.
Example—
attending before the officer in charge of a stated police station at weekly intervals
(3)
The control order must require the offender, within 24 hours after the order takes effect, to deliver to the commissioner’s custody at a stated police station anything the offender is prohibited from possessing under the order unless the offender has lawfully disposed of possession of the thing before the end of that period.
(4)
Also, if the control order requires the person to give stated information, the order must require the information to be given in writing.
(5)
Before imposing a condition mentioned in subsection (2)(a)(i) prohibiting the offender from associating with another person with whom the offender has a personal relationship, the court must consider the effect of the condition on the relationship and whether the prohibition should relate only to a particular class of activity or relate to activities generally.
(6)
If the control order is made for the offender under section 161X, the order may not impose a condition other than a condition mentioned in subsection (1)(b) or (2)(a)(i) or (ii) or (b).
(7)
The control order may not require the offender to—
(a)
give information if giving the information—
(i)
would disclose information that is the subject of legal professional privilege; or
(ii)
would be a contravention of another Act; or
(b)
if the offender is an individual—give information relating to an offence with which the offender is charged.
Note—
See section 161ZH for restrictions on the admissibility in a proceeding of information given under a control order.
(8)
Subsections (6) and (7) apply despite subsection (1).
(9)
In this section—
information includes a document.
s 161U ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161V
When court must make order
(1)
A court sentencing an offender for a prescribed offence committed with a serious organised crime circumstance of aggravation must make a control order for the offender.
(2)
However, if section 13A or 13B applies for the sentencing of the offender, the court may, but need not, make a control order for the offender.
Note—
See section 161S in relation to the application of sections 13A and 13B to the sentencing of an offender mentioned in subsection (1).
s 161V ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161W
When court may make order—offender who was participant in criminal organisation
(1)
A court sentencing an offender for an indictable offence may make a control order for the offender if—
(a)
section 161R does not apply to the sentencing of the offender; and
(b)
the court is satisfied the offender was, at the time the offence was committed, or at any time during the course of the commission of the offence, a participant in a criminal organisation; and
(c)
the court considers that making the order is reasonably necessary to protect the public by preventing, restricting or disrupting the offender’s involvement in serious criminal activity.
Notes—
1
See section 15 in relation to the information and sentencing submissions the court may receive for sentencing the offender.
2
See also the Evidence Act 1977, section 132C.
(2)
For subsection (1)(b), the offender’s participation in a criminal organisation need not be related to the indictable offence for which the offender is being sentenced.
(3)
A control order may be made under subsection (1) on the court’s own initiative or on an application by the prosecutor.
(4)
If the prosecutor intends to make an application under subsection (3), the prosecutor must inform the court as soon as practicable after the offender has been convicted of the indictable offence.
(5)
This section applies whether the offender is convicted of the indictable offence summarily or on indictment.
s 161W ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161X
When court may make order—offender convicted of habitual consorting
(1)
A court sentencing an offender for an offence against the Criminal Code, section 77B may make a control order for the offender if—
(a)
section 161R does not apply to the sentencing of the offender; and
(b)
the court considers that making the order is reasonably necessary to protect the public by preventing, restricting or disrupting the offender’s involvement in serious criminal activity.
(2)
A control order may be made under subsection (1) on the court’s own initiative or on an application by the prosecutor.
s 161X ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161Y
When court may make order—offender convicted of contravening order
(1)
A court sentencing an offender for an offence against section 161ZI may make a control order for the offender if the court considers that making the order is reasonably necessary to protect the public by preventing, restricting or disrupting the offender’s involvement in serious criminal activity.
(2)
A control order may be made under subsection (1) on the court’s own initiative or on application by the prosecutor.
s 161Y ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161Z
Control order to be explained
(1)
Before making a control order for an offender, the court must explain, or cause to be explained, to the offender—
(a)
the purpose and effect of the order; and
(b)
what may follow if the offender contravenes the order; and
(c)
that the order may be amended or revoked on the application of the offender, a Crown prosecutor, a senior police officer or an authorised corrective services officer.
(2)
The explanation must be made in language or in a way likely to be readily understood by the offender.
s 161Z ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZA
Offender subject to existing control order
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the court must, or may, make a control order for an offender under this subdivision; and
(b)
the offender is subject to a control order (an existing control order).
(2)
In making a further control order for the offender as mentioned in subsection (1)(a), the court must have regard to the conditions imposed on the offender under the existing control order.
s 161ZA ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZB
Duration
(1)
A control order for an offender must state the day the order takes effect.
(2)
The stated day must be—
(a)
if the sentence imposed on the offender when the control order is made requires the offender to immediately serve a term of imprisonment in a corrective services facility, or the offender is already in custody in a corrective services facility for another offence—the day the offender is released from custody; or
(b)
otherwise—the day the control order is made.
(3)
Unless it is sooner revoked under subdivision 2, a control order remains in force until the day stated in the order, which must not be more than—
(a)
for an order made under section 161X—2 years after the order takes effect; or
(b)
otherwise—5 years after the order takes effect.
(4)
However, the period applying for a control order under subsection (3)(a) or (b) is extended by, and the order remains in force for, the following periods—
(a)
any period for which the order is suspended under section 161ZC;
(b)
any period by which the order is extended under section 161ZI(5)(a).
(5)
For subsection (2)(a), an offender is in custody in a corrective services facility if the offender—
(a)
is serving imprisonment in the facility; or
(b)
is detained on remand in the facility.
s 161ZB ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZC
Effect if offender is detained on remand or imprisoned
(1)
This section applies if, while a control order is in force for an offender, the offender is detained in custody on remand or is serving a term of imprisonment.
(2)
The control order is suspended for the period the offender is detained or imprisoned.
s 161ZC ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 2
Amendment and revocation of orders
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 2 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZD
Application for amendment or revocation
(1)
The following persons may apply, in the approved form, for the amendment or revocation of a control order—
(a)
a Crown prosecutor;
(b)
a senior police officer;
(c)
an authorised corrective services officer;
(d)
the person subject to the order.
(2)
The application may be made to—
(a)
a court of equivalent jurisdiction to the court that made the control order; or
(b)
a court of higher jurisdiction, if the person subject to the control order is before the court.
(3)
An application under subsection (1) by the person subject to the control order may be made only on the ground that—
(a)
the person can no longer reasonably comply with the order; and
(b)
the person’s inability to comply with the order is because of a material change in the person’s circumstances since—
(i)
if the order has previously been amended under this subdivision—the order was last amended; or
(ii)
otherwise—the order was made.
(4)
The application must be accompanied by—
(a)
any affidavit the applicant intends to rely on at the hearing of the application; and
(b)
if the application is for the amendment of the control order—a draft of the order the applicant is seeking from the court.
(5)
If the applicant is not the person subject to the control order, the applicant must give a copy of the application, and any documents required to accompany the application under subsection (4), to the person subject to the order.
(6)
If the applicant is the person subject to the control order, a proper officer of the court must give a copy of the application, and any documents required to accompany the application under subsection (4), to the prosecuting authority.
(7)
The applicant must give the documents under subsection (5) or (6)—
(a)
as soon as practicable after the application is filed; and
(b)
at least 21 days before the day on which the application is to be heard.
(8)
In this section—
prosecuting authority means—
(a)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the control order was made was a police officer—the commissioner or a person authorised to accept the application on the commissioner’s behalf; or
(b)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the control order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or a person authorised to accept the application on the director’s behalf.
s 161ZD ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZE
Court may amend order or remit application
(1)
A court may, on an application made to it under section 161ZD for the amendment of a control order, amend the order only if the court considers—
(a)
the person subject to the order can no longer reasonably comply with the order; and
(b)
if the applicant is the person subject to the order, the person’s inability to comply with the order is because of a material change in the person’s circumstances since—
(i)
if the order has previously been amended under this subdivision—the order was last amended; or
(ii)
otherwise—the order was made; and
(c)
it is reasonable in all the circumstances to amend the order.
(2)
An order amending the control order takes effect when the order is made.
(3)
If the application is made under section 161ZD(2) to a court of higher jurisdiction than the court that made the control order for the person, the court of higher jurisdiction may, instead of deciding the application, remit the application to the court that made the control order or a court of equivalent jurisdiction to that court.
s 161ZE ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZF
Court may revoke order
(1)
A court may, on an application made to it under section 161ZD for the revocation of a control order, revoke the order only if the court considers—
(a)
the person subject to the order can no longer reasonably comply with the order; and
(b)
the person’s inability to comply with the order is because of a material change in the person’s circumstances since—
(i)
if the order has been amended—the order was last amended; or
(ii)
otherwise—the order was made; and
(c)
it is reasonable in all the circumstances to revoke the order.
(2)
The order revoking the control order takes effect when the order is made.
s 161ZF ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZG
Order amending or revoking control order to be given to interested persons
(1)
This section applies if a court makes an order under section 161ZE or 161ZF (a relevant order) amending or revoking a control order.
(2)
A proper officer of the court must immediately—
(a)
reduce the relevant order to writing; and
(b)
give a copy of the relevant order to—
(i)
the person the subject of the control order that was amended or revoked by the relevant order; and
(ii)
if the prosecutor who appeared before the court when the relevant order was made was a Crown prosecutor—the director of public prosecutions or a person authorised to accept the order on the director’s behalf; and
(iii)
the commissioner or a person authorised to accept the order on the commissioner’s behalf; and
(iv)
the chief executive (corrective services).
(3)
Failure to comply with subsection (2) does not invalidate the order.
s 161ZG ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 3
Restrictions on use of particular information
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 3 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZH
Restrictions
(1)
This section applies to information given by a person in compliance with a condition of a control order, or registered corresponding control order, that requires the person to give stated information.
(2)
The information is not admissible as evidence against the person in a proceeding other than—
(a)
a proceeding against the person for an offence against section 161ZI; or
(b)
a proceeding in which the person has adduced the information.
(3)
In this section—
information includes a document.
s 161ZH ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 4
Enforcement
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 4 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZI
Contravention of order
(1)
A person must not contravene a control order, or a registered corresponding control order, made for the person.
Maximum penalty—
(a)
for a first offence in relation to the order—3 years imprisonment; or
(b)
for a later offence in relation to the order—5 years imprisonment.
Note—
Under section 161Y, the court may also make a control order for a person convicted of an offence against this section.
(2)
An offence against subsection (1) is—
(a)
a misdemeanour, if the offence is a first offence in relation to the control order or registered corresponding control order; or
(b)
a crime, if the offence is a later offence in relation to the control order or registered corresponding control order.
(3)
An offence is a later offence to an earlier offence if the person commits the offence after the person is convicted of the earlier offence.
(4)
For a control order, subsection (1) applies whether the contravention of the order happens in or outside Queensland.
(5)
Without limiting subsection (1), if a person contravenes a control order made for the person (an existing control order), the court may, instead of making a further control order for the person under section 161Y, amend the existing control order for the person by—
(a)
extending the order by not more than—
(i)
if the order was made under section 161X—2 years; or
(ii)
otherwise—5 years; or
(b)
imposing any further conditions the court could impose if a further control order were made for the person.
(6)
In a proceeding against a person for an offence against subsection (1), it is a defence for the person to prove that the person had a reasonable excuse for contravening the control order or the registered corresponding control order.
(7)
It is not a reasonable excuse for a person not to comply with a condition of a control order, or registered corresponding control order, requiring the person to give stated information that complying with the condition might tend to incriminate the person or expose the person to a penalty.
Note—
See section 161ZH for the restrictions applying to the use of the stated information.
(8)
In a proceeding against a person for a contravention of a non-association condition, it is irrelevant whether or not the association related to the commission or potential commission of an offence.
(9)
In a proceeding against a person for a contravention of a non-association condition that has an exception about associating with a person with whom the person subject to the control order, or the registered corresponding control order, has a personal relationship, it is for the person subject to the order to prove that the person had a personal relationship with the other person at the relevant time.
(10)
A person does not commit an offence against subsection (1) in relation to a control order, or a registered corresponding control order, by possessing a thing the person is prohibited from possessing under the order unless the person is in possession of the thing after the end of—
(a)
if the person is prohibited from possessing the thing under the order as originally made and the order takes effect when it is made—24 hours after the order is made; or
(b)
if the person is prohibited from possessing the thing under the order as originally registered—24 hours after the order takes effect; or
(c)
if the person is prohibited from possessing the thing because of an amendment of the order—24 hours after the amendment takes effect.
(11)
In this section—
non-association condition means—
(a)
a condition of a control order mentioned in section 161U(2)(a)(i), whether or not the condition includes an exception about associating with another person with whom the person subject to the control order has a personal relationship; or
(b)
a condition of a registered corresponding control order that corresponds to a condition mentioned in paragraph (a).
s 161ZI ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZJ
Initial power to search and seize particular things
(1)
The power under this section—
(a)
may only be exercised in relation to a person subject to a control order, or a registered corresponding control order, within 7 days after—
(i)
for a control order that takes effect when it is made—the order is made; or
(ii)
for a registered corresponding control order—a copy of the order is given to the person under section 161ZZA; and
(b)
may only be exercised once for the premises occupied by the person or, if the person occupies 2 or more premises, once for each of the premises.
(2)
A police officer may with the help, and using the force, that is reasonably necessary—
(a)
enter premises occupied by the person; and
(b)
search for and seize anything the person is prohibited from possessing under the control order or the registered corresponding control order.
(3)
Before first entering the premises, the police officer must do, or make a reasonable attempt to do, the following—
(a)
locate the person;
(b)
identify himself or herself to the person;
(c)
tell the person—
(i)
the purpose of the entry; and
(ii)
that the police officer is permitted under this Act to enter the premises without the person’s consent; and
(iii)
about the police officer’s powers under this section;
(d)
give the person an opportunity to allow the police officer to enter the premises without using force.
(4)
In this section—
enter includes re-enter.
premises includes—
(a)
a building or structure, or part of a building or structure, of any type; and
(b)
a group of buildings or structures, or part of a group of buildings or structures, of any type; and
(c)
the land or water where a building or structure, or a group of buildings or structures, is situated; and
(d)
a vehicle or caravan; and
(e)
a tent or cave; and
(f)
a boat; and
(g)
an ocean-going vessel; and
(h)
premises held under 2 or more titles or owners.
s 161ZJ ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZK
Things seized within the first 24 hours
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a person possesses a thing the person is prohibited from possessing under a control order or a registered corresponding control order; and
(b)
a period of 24 hours has not passed since—
(i)
for a control order that takes effect when it is made—the order was made; or
(ii)
for a registered corresponding control order—a copy of the order was given to the person under section 161ZZA.
(2)
A police officer may seize the thing under section 161ZJ.
(3)
The seized thing must be—
(a)
kept in the commissioner’s custody while the order remains in force; and
(b)
returned to the person when the control order stops having effect, if the person is entitled to lawful possession of the thing at that time.
s 161ZK ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZL
Police powers for preventing contravention of control order
(1)
This section applies if a police officer reasonably suspects an offence against section 161ZI has been committed, is being committed, or is about to be committed in relation to a control order or a registered corresponding control order.
(2)
The police officer may exercise 1 or more of the following powers in relation to the person subject to the control order or registered corresponding control order—
(a)
if the order prohibits the person from associating with a stated person or a person of a stated class—require the person subject to the order to leave a place where the stated person or person of the stated class is present and not to return to the place within a stated reasonable time of not more than 24 hours;
(b)
if the order prohibits the person from entering or being in the vicinity of a stated place or a place of a stated class—require the person subject to the order to leave—
(i)
the stated place or a place of the stated class; or
(ii)
the vicinity of a place mentioned in subparagraph (i).
(3)
However, subsection (2) does not apply if requiring the person to leave the place may endanger the safety of the person or another person.
(4)
A requirement made under this section is taken to be a requirement made under the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000.
Note—
Failure to comply with a requirement made under this section is an offence against the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 791.
(5)
A person does not commit an offence against the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, section 791 if—
(a)
the person was required to do something under subsection (2); and
(b)
the court is not satisfied the police officer, at the time of giving the direction, had the suspicion mentioned in subsection (1).
(6)
In this section—
place see the Police Powers and Responsibilities Act 2000, schedule 6.
s 161ZL ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZM
Authorised corrective services officer may give direction
(1)
If a control order, or registered corresponding control order, for a person includes a condition requiring the person to comply with a reasonable direction given by an authorised corrective services officer about a stated matter, an authorised corrective services officer may give the person a reasonable direction about the stated matter.
(2)
In giving a direction under subsection (1), an authorised corrective services officer is subject to the directions of—
(a)
for a control order—the court that made the order; or
(b)
for a registered corresponding control order—the Supreme Court.
s 161ZM ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZN
Proceeding after order no longer in force
A proceeding for a contravention of a control order, or a registered corresponding control order, may be taken, and the offender may be dealt with, under this subdivision for the contravention even if the order is no longer in force.
s 161ZN ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZO
Charge must be heard and decided summarily on prosecution election
(1)
This section applies to a charge before a Magistrates Court of an offence against section 161ZI.
(2)
The charge must be heard and decided summarily if the prosecution elects to have the charge heard and decided summarily.
(3)
This section is subject to section 161ZQ.
s 161ZO ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZP
Constitution of Magistrates Court
A Magistrates Court that summarily deals with a charge under section 161ZO must be constituted by a magistrate.
s 161ZP ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZQ
When Magistrates Court must abstain from jurisdiction
(1)
A Magistrates Court must abstain from dealing summarily with a charge under section 161ZO if satisfied, at any stage, and after hearing any submissions by the prosecutor and the defence, that because of the nature or seriousness of the offence or any other relevant consideration the defendant, if convicted, may not be adequately punished on summary conviction.
(2)
If the court abstains from jurisdiction, the proceeding for the charge must be conducted as a committal proceeding.
s 161ZQ ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZR
Charge may be heard and decided where defendant arrested or served
Without limiting the places at which a charge may be heard summarily under section 161ZO, the charge may also be heard and decided at a place appointed for holding magistrates courts within the district in which the defendant was arrested on the charge or served with the summons for the charge under the Justices Act 1886.
s 161ZR ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZS
Time for prosecution
If a Magistrates Court hears and decides a charge summarily under section 161ZO, the Magistrates Court has jurisdiction despite the time that has elapsed from the time when the matter of complaint of the charge arose.
s 161ZS ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZT
Maximum penalty for offence dealt with summarily
(1)
The maximum penalty that may be imposed on a summary conviction for an offence against section 161ZI is 3 years imprisonment.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not limit section 161Y.
(3)
However, in no case may a person be punished more than if the offence had been dealt with on indictment.
s 161ZT ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZU
Appeals against decision to decide charge summarily
(1)
This section applies if a person is summarily convicted or sentenced under section 161ZO.
(2)
The grounds on which the person may appeal include that the Magistrates Court erred by deciding the conviction or sentence summarily.
(3)
The grounds on which the Attorney-General may appeal against sentence include that the Magistrates Court erred by deciding the sentence summarily.
(4)
On an appeal against a sentence relying on a ground that the Magistrates Court erred by proceeding summarily, the court deciding the appeal may, if it decides to vary the sentence, impose the sentence the court considers appropriate up to the maximum sentence that could have been imposed if the matter had been dealt with on indictment.
s 161ZU ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 5
Corresponding control orders
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 5 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZV
Definitions for subdivision
In this subdivision—
court means the Supreme Court.
registrar means a registrar of the Supreme Court.
respondent see section 161ZY(1)(b).
s 161ZV ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZW
Regulation may prescribe orders
A regulation may prescribe an order to be a corresponding control order if the order—
(a)
is made under a law of another State; and
(b)
has the same or a similar effect as a control order.
s 161ZW ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZX
Application for registration of order
(1)
The commissioner may apply to the registrar for the registration of a corresponding control order.
(2)
The application must be accompanied by—
(a)
an affidavit that includes or is accompanied by—
(i)
a copy of the corresponding control order; and
(ii)
enough information to enable the registrar to find that the order is a corresponding control order that is in force; and
(b)
any other affidavit the commissioner intends to rely on at the hearing of the application.
(3)
Also, the application must state—
(a)
whether the commissioner believes it is necessary for the corresponding control order to be adapted or modified for its effective operation in Queensland; and
(b)
if so, the details of the adaptation or modification the commissioner believes is necessary.
Example—
A condition of a corresponding control order is expressed in terms of legislation of the State in which the order was made. The application may state that the commissioner believes it is necessary for the order to be modified to refer to Queensland legislation.
s 161ZX ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZY
Registration of order
(1)
This section applies if the registrar is satisfied—
(a)
the corresponding control order is in force; and
(b)
the corresponding control order was served, or was taken to be served, on the person for whom it was made (the respondent) under the law of the State in which the order was made.
(2)
The registrar must register the corresponding control order, whether or not the respondent is given notice of the application to the registrar.
(3)
A registered corresponding control order is registered for the period during which the corresponding control order, as originally made, is in force.
(4)
A regulation may—
(a)
prescribe the way the registrar is to register a corresponding control order or an amended corresponding control order; and
(b)
provide for the keeping of the register and access to it.
(5)
Subsection (2) applies subject to section 161ZZ.
s 161ZY ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZ
Referral of order to court for adaptation or modification
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
under section 161ZX(3)(b), the application states an adaptation or modification that the commissioner believes is necessary for the effective operation of the corresponding control order in Queensland; or
(b)
the registrar believes it is necessary for the corresponding control order to be adapted or modified for its effective operation in Queensland.
(2)
The registrar must refer the corresponding control order to the court for adaptation or modification.
(3)
The commissioner must give the respondent—
(a)
a copy of the application for registration of the corresponding control order; and
(b)
a copy of any accompanying affidavit; and
(c)
an appearance notice.
(4)
The application may be heard in the respondent’s absence if the court is satisfied the respondent has been given the documents mentioned in subsection (3).
(5)
However, the court may, at any time before deciding the application, direct the commissioner to give the respondent a further appearance notice.
(6)
The court may amend the corresponding control order for the purposes of its registration by adapting or modifying it in a way the court considers necessary or desirable for its effective operation in Queensland.
(7)
For amending the corresponding control order as mentioned in subsection (6), the court must consider—
(a)
anything the court could consider on an application under subdivision 1 for a control order; and
(b)
any changes in the respondent’s circumstances since the order was made.
(8)
The registrar must register the corresponding control order as amended by the court.
(9)
In this section—
appearance notice means a notice in the approved form stating the following in relation to a corresponding control order—
(a)
that an application for the registration of the order has been referred to the court;
(b)
when and where the application is to be heard;
(c)
that the respondent may appear at the hearing of the application in person or be represented by a lawyer;
(d)
that, if the respondent fails to appear at the hearing of the application, the court may register the order, or the order as amended by the court, in the respondent’s absence.
s 161ZZ ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZA
Action by the registrar and commissioner after registration of order
(1)
The registrar must, within 2 business days after registering a corresponding control order, give the commissioner a certificate of the registration that attaches a copy of the registered order.
(2)
The commissioner must, as soon as practicable after receiving a copy of the registered corresponding control order, give the respondent a copy of the registered order.
(3)
Failure to comply with subsection (2) does not affect the validity of the registration of the corresponding control order.
(4)
However, the registered corresponding control order has no effect on the respondent until the respondent is given a copy of the registered order.
(5)
The registrar may not ask the commissioner for any fee, or reimbursement for any expenses incurred, under this subdivision.
s 161ZZA ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZB
Effect of amended order if respondent not notified of amendment
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
a corresponding control order has been amended under section 161ZZ; and
(b)
the respondent has not been notified of the amendment.
(2)
Until the respondent is notified of the amendment, the registered corresponding control order has effect and is enforceable against the respondent as if it had not been amended.
s 161ZZB ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZC
Amendment or cancellation of registered order
(1)
The court may, on application, amend or cancel a registered corresponding control order.
(2)
Subdivision 2, other than section 161ZD(2), applies to the registered corresponding control order as if—
(a)
a reference in the subdivision to a control order were a reference to a registered corresponding control order; and
(b)
a reference in the subdivision to the revocation of a control order were a reference to the cancellation of a registered corresponding control order; and
(c)
a reference in the subdivision to when a control order was last amended under subdivision 2 were a reference to when a registered corresponding control order was last amended under this section; and
(d)
a reference in the subdivision to when a control order was made were a reference to when a registered corresponding control order was registered under this subdivision; and
(e)
a reference in the subdivision to the prosecuting authority were a reference to the commissioner or a person authorised to accept an application made under this section on the commissioner’s behalf.
(3)
If the court cancels the registration of a registered corresponding control order under this section, the order, or the order as amended under this Act, stops having effect in Queensland.
s 161ZZC ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZD
Operation of order not affected
Sections 161ZZA
(4) and 161ZZB(2) do not affect any operation that a corresponding control order would, apart from this division, have in Queensland.
s 161ZZD ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Subdivision 6
Miscellaneous
pt 9D div 3 sdiv 6 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 279
161ZZE
Order not affected by appeal
The starting of an appeal against the making of a control order for a person does not affect the order.
s 161ZZE ins 2016 No. 62s 279
Part 10
Indefinite sentences
162
Definitions
In this part—
indefinite sentence means a sentence of imprisonment for an indefinite term that—
(a)
must be reviewed under this part; and
(b)
is to continue until a court orders that the indefinite term of imprisonment is discharged.
nominal sentence has the meaning given by section 163(2).
qualifying offence means an indictable offence—
(a)
against a provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in schedule 2, as in force at any time (a relevant Code provision); or
(b)
that involved counselling or procuring the commission of, or attempting or conspiring to commit, a relevant Code provision.
s 162 def qualifying offence ins 2010 No. 34s 35
violent offence ...
s 162 def violent offence amd 1997 No. 4s 11; 1997 No. 9s 50; 2000 No. 43s 56
om 2010 No. 34s 35
163
Indefinite sentence—imposition
(1)
A court may, instead of imposing a fixed term of imprisonment, impose an indefinite sentence on an offender convicted of a qualifying offence on—
(a)
its own initiative; or
(b)
an application made by counsel for the prosecution.
(2)
In imposing sentence under subsection (1), the court must state in its order the term of imprisonment (the nominal sentence) that it would have imposed had it not imposed an indefinite sentence.
(3)
Before a sentence is imposed under subsection (1), the court must be satisfied—
(a)
that the Mental Health Act 2016, chapter 5, part 3, does not apply; and
(b)
that the offender is a serious danger to the community because of—
(i)
the offender’s antecedents, character, age, health or mental condition; and
(ii)
the severity of the qualifying offence; and
(iii)
any special circumstances.
(4)
In determining whether the offender is a serious danger to the community, the court must have regard to—
(a)
whether the nature of the offence is exceptional; and
(b)
the offender’s antecedents, age and character; and
(c)
any medical, psychiatric, prison or other relevant report in relation to the offender; and
(d)
the risk of serious harm to members of the community if an indefinite sentence were not imposed; and
(e)
the need to protect members of the community from the risk mentioned in paragraph (d).
(5)
Subsection (4) does not limit the matters to which a court may have regard in determining whether to impose an indefinite sentence.
s 163 amd 2000 No. 16s 590 sch 1pt 2; 2010 No. 34s 36; 2016 No. 5s 923sch 4
164
Counsel for prosecution to inform court
(1)
If counsel for the prosecution intends to make an application under section 163(1)(b), counsel must inform the court after the offender has been convicted of the offence.
(2)
The application must be made within 15 business days after the conviction.
(3)
The court must allow any necessary adjournment to allow a consent under section 165(1) to be obtained.
(4)
On being informed under subsection (1), the court must remand the offender in custody and must not grant the offender bail.
s 164 amd 1997 No. 4s 12
165
Attorney-General’s consent
(1)
An application under section 163(1)(b) may be made only if the Attorney-General has consented, in writing, to the making of the request.
(2)
Consent must not be given under subsection (1) before the offender is convicted of the qualifying offence.
s 165 amd 2010 No. 34s 37
166
Adjournment
A court may impose an indefinite sentence on the offender only if—
(a)
the offender is advised at, or shortly after, the time of conviction that the court may consider imposing an indefinite sentence on—
(i)
its own initiative; or
(ii)
an application made by counsel for the prosecution; and
(b)
the court has, after advising the offender under paragraph (a), adjourned the offender’s sentencing for not less than 20 business days from the day of conviction of the qualifying offence so that evidence on sentence may be received by the court.
s 166 amd 2010 No. 34s 38
166A
Reports about offender
(1)
This section applies when the court adjourns the offender’s sentencing.
(2)
The court must make an order that the chief executive (corrective services) must—
(a)
prepare for the court a report about the offender; and
(b)
give the court the report within a stated period.
(3)
The court may also order the chief executive (corrective services) to provide or obtain any other report that the court considers appropriate to enable it to impose the proper sentence.
(4)
In this section—
report includes an assessment of, or information about, the prisoner.
s 166A ins 2010 No. 34s 39
166B
Distribution of reports
(1)
On receipt of a report under section 166A the court must give a copy to—
(a)
the prosecution; and
(b)
the offender’s lawyers.
(2)
The court must ensure the prosecution and the offender’s lawyers have sufficient time before the sentencing to consider and respond to the report.
(3)
The court may order the report, or part of the report, not be shown to the offender.
s 166B ins 2010 No. 34s 39
166C
Use of reports
(1)
The offender’s lawyers may, before the offender’s sentencing is to take place, file with the court a notice of intention to dispute the whole or any part of a report given under section 166A.
(2)
If a notice is filed under subsection (1), the court must not take the report or the part in dispute into consideration on the sentencing unless the offender’s lawyers have been given the opportunity—
(a)
to lead evidence on the disputed matters; and
(b)
to cross-examine the author of the report on its contents.
s 166C ins 2010 No. 34s 39
167
Evidence
(1)
Subject to the admissibility of the evidence, before a court imposes an indefinite sentence it must—
(a)
hear evidence called by the prosecution; and
(b)
hear evidence given or called by the offender, if the offender elects to give or call evidence.
(2)
Subject to subsection (3), ordinary rules of evidence apply to evidence given or called under subsection (1).
(3)
In deciding whether the offender is a serious danger to the community, the court may have regard to anything relevant to the issue contained in the transcript of, or any medical or other report tendered in, any proceeding against the offender for a qualifying offence.
(4)
Subsections (1) and (2) do not affect the admissibility of a report given under section 166A or any matter contained in the report.
(5)
In this section—
transcript, of a proceeding, means a transcription of a record under the Recording of Evidence Act 1962 of the proceeding.
s 167 amd 1997 No. 4s 13; 2010 No. 34s 40; 2013 No. 13s 61sch 2
168
Court to give reasons
(1)
If a court imposes an indefinite sentence, it must give detailed reasons for imposing the sentence.
(2)
The reasons must be given at the time the indefinite sentence is imposed.
169
Onus of proof
The prosecution has the onus of proving that an offender is a serious danger to the community.
170
Standard of proof
A court may make a finding that an offender is a serious danger to the community only if it is satisfied—
(a)
by acceptable, cogent evidence; and
(b)
to a high degree of probability;
that the evidence is of sufficient weight to justify the finding.
171
Review—periodic
(1)
A court that imposes an indefinite sentence, or a court of like jurisdiction—
(a)
must for the first time review the indefinite sentence within 6 months after an offender has served the period of time stated in subsection (2) or (2A); and
(b)
must review the indefinite sentence at subsequent intervals of not more than 2 years from when the last review was made.
(2)
For subsection (1)(a), the period of time the offender must have served is—
(a)
for an offender whose nominal sentence is life imprisonment for an offence of murder—
(i)
if the Criminal Code, section 305(2) applies on sentence—30 years; or
(ii)
if the Criminal Code, section 305(4) applies on sentence—25 years; or
(iii)
otherwise—20 years; or
(b)
if the offender’s nominal sentence is life imprisonment and paragraph (a) does not apply—15 years; or
(c)
if the offender’s nominal sentence is a term of imprisonment other than life for an offence against the Criminal Code, section 314A—the lesser of the following—
(i)
80% of the offender’s nominal sentence;
(ii)
15 years; or
(d)
otherwise—50% of the offender’s nominal sentence.
(2A)
However, for subsection (1)(a), if the indefinite sentence is imposed on the offender as the base component of a sentence under section 161R(2), the period of time the offender must have served is worked out by adding the relevant further period to the period of time the offender would otherwise be required to have served under subsection (2).
(3)
Subject to section 172, the director of public prosecutions must make any application that is required to be made to cause the reviews mentioned in subsection (1) to be carried out.
(4)
A court that imposes an indefinite sentence for which the nominal sentence is, under section 161E(2), life imprisonment or a court of like jurisdiction must for the first time review the indefinite sentence within 6 months after the offender has served 20 years and not the 15 years or 50% of the nominal sentence as prescribed under a previous subsection.
(5)
In this section—
relevant further period, in relation to an offender whose indefinite sentence is imposed as the base component of a sentence under section 161R(2), means the period of the mandatory component of the sentence imposed on the offender under that section.
s 171 amd 2002 No. 23s 64; 2012 No. 14s 8; 2012 No. 19s 16; 2014 No. 42s 99; 2016 No. 62s 280
172
Review—application by offender imprisoned
(1)
An offender imprisoned on an indefinite sentence may apply to the court for the indefinite sentence to be reviewed at any time after the court makes its first review under section 171(1)(a) if a court gives leave to apply on the ground that there are exceptional circumstances that relate to the offender.
(2)
The court must immediately forward a copy of the application to the director of public prosecutions.
(3)
Within 10 business days after the making of the application, the court must give directions to enable the application to be heard.
(4)
Subject to any directions given by the court, the application must be heard within 20 business days from the day on which it is made.
172A
Distribution of reports
(1)
The court must, a reasonable time before a review under section 171 or 172 is to take place, cause a copy of a report ordered by it under section 176 to be provided to—
(a)
the director of public prosecutions; and
(b)
the legal practitioner representing the offender; and
(c)
the offender, if the court has so directed; and
(d)
any affected victim under the Victims’ Commissioner and Sexual Violence Review Board Act 2024, section 38, of the offence for which the indefinite sentence was imposed, if the court has so decided.
(2)
If the prosecution or the defence has caused a report about the offender to be prepared for a review under section 171 or 172, it must, a reasonable time before the review is to take place—
(a)
file the report with the court; and
(b)
provide a copy of the report to the director of public prosecutions or the legal practitioner representing the offender, as the case requires.
s 172A ins 1997 No. 4s 14
amd 2009 No. 35s 212; 2024 No. 21s 113
172B
Disputed report
(1)
The director of public prosecutions or the offender may file with the court a notice of intention to dispute the whole or any part of a report provided under section 172A.
(2)
If a notice is filed under subsection (1) before the review is to take place, the court must not take the report or the part in dispute into consideration on the hearing of the review unless the party that filed the notice has been given the opportunity—
(a)
to lead evidence on the disputed matters; and
(b)
to cross-examine the author of the report on its contents.
s 172B ins 1997 No. 4s 14
172C
Review hearing
On the hearing of a review under section 171 or 172, a court must—
(a)
give both the director of public prosecutions and the offender the opportunity to lead admissible evidence on any relevant matter; and
(b)
subject to section 172B, take into consideration any report in respect of the offender that is filed with the court; and
(c)
have regard to any submissions on the review made to it; and
(d)
have regard to the rights stated in the victims charter under the Victims’ Commissioner and Sexual Violence Review Board Act 2024.
s 172C ins 1997 No. 4s 14
amd 2009 No. 35s 213; 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1; 2024 No. 21s 114
172D
Court not to have regard to possible order under Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act 2003
A court hearing a review under section 171 or 172 must not have regard to whether or not the offender—
(a)
may become, or is, the subject of a dangerous prisoners application; or
(b)
may become subject to an order because of a dangerous prisoners application.
Note—
See also section 9(9)(b) (Sentencing guidelines).
s 172D ins 2010 No. 34s 41
amd 2013 No. 31s 61; 2014 No. 9s 35
173
Indefinite sentence discharged
(1)
Unless it is satisfied that the offender is still a serious danger to the community when a review is made under section 171 or 172, the court must—
(a)
order that the indefinite sentence is discharged; and
(b)
impose a sentence (a finite sentence) on the offender under this Act for the qualifying offence for which the indefinite sentence was imposed.
(2)
If a court does not make an order under subsection (1)(a), the indefinite sentence continues in force.
(3)
A finite sentence—
(a)
is taken to have started on the day the indefinite sentence was originally imposed; and
(b)
takes the place of the indefinite sentence; and
(c)
must be not less than the nominal sentence.
s 173 amd 2010 No. 34s 42
174
Parole application if finite sentence imposed
(1)
An offender on whom a finite sentence has been imposed may apply under the Corrective Services Act 2006 for release on parole under that Act.
(2)
However, an application under subsection (1) can not be made less than 6 months before the relevant period of imprisonment for the offender ends.
(3)
If the decision on the application is to grant the parole, the Queensland board must decide the parole period.
(4)
The board can not on the application decide a parole period that ends before the relevant period of imprisonment ends.
(5)
The board may decide a parole period that ends after the relevant period of imprisonment ends.
(6)
The parole period decided by the board must be 5 years, subject to subsections (7) and (8).
(7)
The parole period may be more than 5 years if—
(a)
the rest of the offender’s period of imprisonment immediately before deciding the parole period is more than 5 years (the remaining period); and
(b)
the parole period is the remaining period.
(8)
The parole period may be less than 5 years only if the board considers that period is appropriate having regard to any relevant board guidelines.
(9)
In this section—
relevant period of imprisonment, for the offender, means a period of imprisonment for the offender consisting of or including a finite term of imprisonment, whether or not the finite term has ended.
s 174 amd 1999 No. 9s 3sch
sub 2006 No. 29s 499
amd 2009 No. 30s 43
sub 2010 No. 34s 43
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
174A
When parole order must be made
(1)
This section applies if an offender on whom a finite sentence has been imposed is not currently on parole 6 months before the relevant period of imprisonment for the offender ends (the 6-month period).
(2)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that this section applies even if the offender made an application under section 174 (an offender application) that has not been not decided.
(3)
The Queensland board must, within the 6-month period, make a parole order under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 194.
(4)
If the offender has made an offender application, subsection (3) applies even if the decision on the application was not or would not have been to grant the parole.
(5)
If the offender has not made an offender application, subsection (3) applies as if the offender had lawfully made an offender application.
Note—
The word ‘lawfully’ is necessary because ordinarily an offender application within the 6-month period would be prevented under section 174(2).
(6)
The parole order may order the offender’s release at any time during or at the end of the 6-month period for a parole period ending after the relevant period of imprisonment ends.
(7)
The board must decide the parole period which is to start from the release.
(8)
The parole period decided by the board must be 5 years, subject to subsection (9).
(9)
The parole period may be less than 5 years only if the board considers that period is appropriate having regard to any relevant board guidelines.
(10)
In this section—
relevant period of imprisonment, for the offender, see section 174(9).
s 174A ins 2010 No. 34s 43
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
174B
Provisions for parole orders under part
(1)
This section applies if a parole order is made under section 174 or 174A.
(2)
The Corrective Services Act 2006, chapter 5, part 1, divisions 5 and 6 apply to the parole order.
(3)
The Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act 2003 continues to apply to a prisoner, within the meaning of section 5(6) of that Act, who is or has been subject to the application of section 174 or 174A.
Note—
See also the Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act 2003, section 51 (Parole).
(4)
During the parole period decided under section 174 or 174A, the offender must be under the authority of the Queensland board and the supervision of an authorised corrective services officer.
(5)
Subsections (6) and (7) apply if (other than for this section) there would exist a period (the gap period) between the end of the relevant period of imprisonment for the offender and the last day of the parole period.
(6)
The finite term included in the relevant period of imprisonment is taken to be extended by the gap period.
(7)
Any term of imprisonment ordered to be served cumulatively with the finite term is taken to be ordered to be served cumulatively with the finite term as extended.
(8)
In this section—
relevant period of imprisonment, for the offender, see section 174(9).
s 174B ins 2010 No. 34s 43
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
174C
Parole provisions on cancellation of parole order
(1)
This section applies if a parole order under section 174 or 174A is made for an offender and the order is cancelled.
(2)
No further parole order may be made under either section against the offender.
(3)
Any extension of the finite term under section 174B(6) continues to apply and is not affected by the cancellation.
(4)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that this section does not limit the offender’s ability under the Corrective Services Act 2006 to apply for, or to be granted, further parole.
(5)
The Queensland board must hear and decide any application for the further parole.
s 174C ins 2010 No. 34s 43
amd 2017 No. 15s 24sch 1
175
s 175 amd 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2
om 2006 No. 29s 499
176
Registrar of court to give report
(1)
For a review under section 171 or 172, the court may direct the registrar of the court to give to the court—
(a)
reports provided by the chief executive (corrective services) or the chief executive of the department in which the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011 is administered or such other similar persons or bodies as the court considers appropriate; and
(b)
such other reports as the court considers appropriate.
(2)
A person who is requested by the registrar to give to the registrar reports mentioned in subsection (1) must comply with the request.
(3)
Reports mentioned in subsection (1)(a) are to be relevant to the period from the time the indefinite sentence was imposed on the offender or the last review was made by the court.
(4)
The Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011, section 142(1), does not apply to a designated person under part 7 of that Act who gives a report or information to a court or the registrar of the court for this part.
(5)
Reports mentioned in subsection (1) are in addition to any other evidence that may be placed before the court.
s 176 amd 1996 No. 61s 15sch; 1997 No. 4s 15; 1999 No. 9s 3sch; 2000 No. 46s 3sch; 2005 No. 10s 50sch; 2011 No. 32s 332 sch 1pt 2 (amd 2012 No. 9s 47)
177
Appeals—general
For the purposes of the Criminal Code, chapter 67—
(a)
an indefinite sentence imposed under section 163; and
(b)
if a court, on making a review under section 171 or 172—
(i)
refuses to act under section 173—the refusal; or
(ii)
acts under section 173—the sentence imposed;
is taken to be a sentence imposed on conviction.
178
Appeals—Attorney-General
The Attorney-General may appeal to the Court of Appeal against—
(a)
the making of an order under section 173(1)(a); and
(b)
a sentence imposed under section 173(1)(b).
179
Hearings—offender to be present
(1)
Subject to this section, the offender must be present during the hearing of—
(a)
evidence under section 167; and
(b)
an application made under section 171 or 172.
(2)
A court may order that, at the time evidence under section 167 is to be heard, the chief executive (corrective services) bring the offender before the court.
(3)
On the hearing of an application made under section 171 or 172, the court may order the chief executive (corrective services) to bring the offender before the court.
(4)
If the offender acts in a way that makes the hearing of the evidence or application in the offender’s presence impracticable, the court may order that—
(a)
the offender be removed; and
(b)
the hearing of the application continue in the offender’s absence.
(5)
If the court is satisfied that the offender is unable to be present during the hearing of the evidence or application because of the offender’s illness or another reason, the court may allow the offender to be absent during the whole or a part of the hearing if it is satisfied that—
(a)
the offender’s interests will not be prejudiced by the hearing continuing in the offender’s absence; and
(b)
the interests of justice require that the hearing should continue in the offender’s absence.
s 179 amd 2006 No. 29s 500
Part 10A
Offender levy
pt 10A hdg ins 2012 No. 17s 37
179A
Purpose of pt 10A
The purpose of this part is to provide for a levy imposed on an offender on sentence to help pay generally for the cost of law enforcement and administration.
s 179A ins 2012 No. 17s 37
179B
Definition for part
In this part—
proper officer of the court, for an offender levy, means the proper officer of the court that imposed the sentence for which the offender is liable to pay the levy.
s 179B ins 2012 No. 17s 37
sub 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
179C
Imposition of offender levy
(1)
On being sentenced for an offence, an offender becomes liable to pay the State a levy (the offender levy).
(2)
Subsection (1) applies whether or not a conviction is recorded.
(3)
If in the same sentencing proceeding the court sentences the offender for more than 1 offence, only one levy is payable for all the offences.
Examples—
1
An offender is sentenced in the same proceeding for more than 1 offence charged in a single indictment, complaint or other form of charge.
2
An offender is sentenced in the same proceeding on more than 1 indictment, complaint or other form of charge.
(4)
The imposition of the levy is not a sentence (including punishment) and is in addition to any sentence imposed by the court for the offence.
(5)
The levy is the amount prescribed under a regulation.
Note—
This Act does not prescribe a limit to the amount that may be prescribed under a regulation.
(6)
This section does not apply to an offence under the Bail Act 1980, section 29 or 33.
(7)
This section is subject to section 179D.
s 179C ins 2012 No. 17s 37
amd 2012 No. 37s 38 (retro)
179D
Subsequent sentences
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the sentencing court sentences the offender for an offence (the original sentence); and
(b)
subsequently, a court, whether or not differently constituted, resentences the offender.
(2)
The liability of the offender to pay the levy for the original sentence is unaffected but the offender is not liable to pay an offender levy for the resentence.
(3)
In this section—
resentence includes, on appeal or otherwise, in relation to the sentencing of the offender, any of the following—
(a)
substitute another sentence;
(b)
further deal with the offender including make a further order;
(c)
confirm, vary or amend the sentence or order made on the original sentence.
Examples of resentences under this Act—
Orders made under section 20(1)(a), 20(2), 27(1)(c), 27(2), 33A(1), 33A(3), 33B(1)(a), 33B(2), 33C(7), 38(1), 39A, 43D(8), 43F(4), 43L(7), 43O(4), 60(1), 68(1), 74(7), 80(1), 120(1), 121(1), 125(4)(a), 126(4), 127(1), 147(1), 159A(5)(b), 173(1), 173(2), 182(5)(a), 182(7)(b), 185(1), 188(3), 188(4) or 195(5).
s 179D ins 2012 No. 17s 37
179E
Payment of offender levy
(1)
The offender must pay the offender levy under subsection (2) or (3).
(2)
If the particulars of the levy have been registered with SPER under section 179F, the offender must pay the levy under the SPE Act.
(3)
However, if the particulars of the levy have not been registered with SPER under section 179F, the offender must pay the levy to the proper officer of the court.
s 179E ins 2012 No. 17s 37
179F
Enforcement of offender levy by registration
(1)
When an offender becomes liable to pay the offender levy under section 179C, the proper officer of the court must give the same particulars in relation to the levy to the SPER registrar for registration that it would give if—
(a)
the court made an order fining the offender the amount of the levy for the offence; and
(b)
the proper officer were the registrar of the court; and
Note—
The SPE Act uses the term ‘registrar of the court’.
(c)
the particulars were the prescribed particulars of the unpaid amount of the fine.
(2)
The SPER registrar must register the particulars.
(3)
For the purposes of registration, and on registration, the SPE Act, other than the excluded provisions, applies, with all necessary and convenient changes, to the levy and to the offender in the same way as it applies—
(a)
to the unpaid amount of a fine, for an offence, imposed by a court on a person the particulars of which are registered; and
(b)
to that person.
(4)
The requirement under subsection (1)(c) to give prescribed particulars is subject to a regulation made under the SPE Act for offender levies.
(5)
The proper officer may give amended particulars to SPER for registration if amendment of the particulars is necessary because of error.
(6)
This section does not apply if all of the amount of the levy is paid under section 179E(3) before the particulars have been given under subsection (1).
(7)
In this section—
excluded provisions means the following provisions of the SPE Act—
(a)
provisions of that Act relating to infringement notices;
(b)
section 52 to the extent it applies to an arrest and imprisonment warrant, and the other provisions of that Act relating to arrest and imprisonment warrants;
(c)
section 54;
(d)
part 6;
(e)
part 8.
prescribed particulars see the SPE Act, schedule 2.
registration means registration under the SPE Act, section 34.
SPER registrar means the registrar under the SPE Act.
s 179F ins 2012 No. 17s 37
amd 2017 No. 13s 90sch 1 amdts 3–4
amd 2017 No. 13s 90sch 1 amdts 1–2 (uncommenced amendment)
179G
Amounts to be satisfied before satisfying offender levy
An amount paid under section 179E(3) must first be applied by the proper officer towards satisfying an unpaid amount, known to the proper officer, ordered by a court for the following—
(a)
compensation;
(b)
restitution;
(c)
damages;
(d)
a fixed portion of a penalty.
Note—
See also the Justices Act 1886, section 175A.
s 179G ins 2012 No. 17s 37
179H
Effect of appeal against relevant convictions
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the offender has paid all or part of the offender levy under section 179E(3); and
(b)
on appeal all convictions that resulted in the imposition of the offender levy are quashed.
(2)
The proper officer must refund to the offender any amount paid to the proper officer for the offender levy.
s 179H ins 2012 No. 17s 37
Part 10B
Victim impact statements
pt 10B hdg ins 2017 No. 8s 12
179I
Definitions for part
In this part—
harm means physical, mental or emotional harm.
victim means an affected victim under the Victims’ Commissioner and Sexual Violence Review Board Act 2024, section 38, including a victim mentioned in section 38(3) or (4) of that Act.
s 179I def victim sub 2024 No. 21s 115
victim impact statement means a written statement that—
(a)
is signed and dated; and
(b)
states the particulars of the harm caused to a victim by an offence; and
(c)
may have attached to it—
(i)
documents supporting the particulars, including, for example, medical reports; or
(ii)
photographs, drawings or other images.
s 179I ins 2017 No. 8s 12
amd 2023 No. 23s 166
179J
Application of part
This part applies for sentencing an offender for an offence that is a relevant offence under the Victims’ Commissioner and Sexual Violence Review Board Act 2024, section 39.
Note—
Under the Youth Justice Act 1992, section 256A, this part also applies in relation to an offender who is a child.
s 179J ins 2017 No. 8s 12
amd 2024 No. 21s 116; 2024 No. 54s 60sch 1
179K
Giving details of impact of crime on victim during sentencing
(1)
A victim of the offence is to be permitted to give the prosecutor for the offence details of the harm caused to the victim by the offence, for the purpose of the prosecutor informing the sentencing court.
Notes—
1
If the offender’s mental condition relating to the offence is referred to the Mental Health Court under the Mental Health Act 2016, see section 162 of that Act for the information a victim of the offence may give that court to help it make a decision on the reference.
2
See also the victim’s rights set out in the victims charter under the Victims’ Commissioner and Sexual Violence Review Board Act 2024.
(2)
The prosecutor may continue with the sentencing proceeding without having permitted the victim to give details of the harm if it is reasonable to do so in the circumstances, having regard to the following matters—
(a)
the interests of justice;
(b)
whether permitting the details of the harm to be given would unreasonably delay the sentencing of the offender;
(c)
anything else that may adversely affect the reasonableness or practicality of permitting details of the harm to be given.
(3)
If details of the harm are given to the prosecutor, the prosecutor must—
(a)
decide what, if any, details are appropriate to be given to the sentencing court; and
(b)
give the appropriate details to the sentencing court, whether or not in the form of a victim impact statement under section 179L.
Note—
In sentencing the offender, the sentencing court must have regard to the harm done to, or impact of the offence on, the victim under—
(a)
section 9
(2)
(c)
(i); or
(b)
if the offender is a child—the Youth Justice Act 1992, section 150(2).
(4)
In deciding what details are appropriate, the prosecutor may have regard to the victim’s wishes.
(5)
The fact that a victim impact statement is absent at the sentencing, or that details of the harm caused to a victim by the offence are otherwise absent at the sentencing, does not, of itself, give rise to any inference that the offence caused little or no harm to the victim.
(6)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that it is not mandatory for a victim to give the prosecutor details of the harm caused to the victim by the offence.
(7)
Subject to section 179M, the sentencing court is to decide if, and how, details of the harm are to be given to the court in accordance with the rules of evidence and the practices and procedures applying to the court.
Example of how details of harm may be given to sentencing court—
production of a victim impact statement to the sentencing court
s 179K ins 2017 No. 8s 12
amd 2017 No. 8s 101sch 1; 2021 No. 9s 3; 2024 No. 21s 117; 2024 No. 54s 60sch 1; 2025 No. 20s 13
179L
Preparation of victim impact statement
(1)
For section 179K(3), details of the harm caused to a victim by the offence may be given to the prosecutor in the form of a victim impact statement prepared by—
(a)
the victim; or
(b)
another person if the victim can not give the statement because of the victim’s age or impaired capacity.
(2)
If a victim impact statement is given to the prosecutor electronically, the statement is taken to have been signed by the person who gives it.
s 179L ins 2017 No. 8s 12
179M
Reading aloud of victim impact statement during sentencing
(1)
This section applies if a person has prepared a victim impact statement under section 179L.
(2)
The prosecutor for the offence may request, orally or in writing, that all or part of the victim impact statement be read aloud before the court by—
(a)
if the person who prepared the statement wishes to read it—the person; or
(b)
if the person who prepared the statement wishes the prosecutor to read it—the prosecutor.
(3)
If a request is made under subsection (2), the court must allow the person stated in the request to read the whole of the victim impact statement, or a part of the victim impact statement identified in the request, aloud before the court unless the court considers that, having regard to all relevant circumstances, it is inappropriate to do so.
(4)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that—
(a)
the purpose of the reading aloud of the victim impact statement before the court is to provide a therapeutic benefit to the victim; and
(b)
it is not necessary for a person, reading aloud the victim impact statement before the court under this section, to read the statement under oath or affirmation.
s 179M ins 2017 No. 8s 12
179N
Special arrangements for reading aloud of victim impact statement during sentencing
(1)
This section applies if a person who is to read aloud a victim impact statement (the reader) is the person who prepared the statement.
(2)
The sentencing court may, on its own initiative or on the application of the prosecutor for the offence, direct that any of the following arrangements be made that the court considers, having regard to all relevant circumstances, are appropriate—
(a)
that, while the reader is reading aloud the victim impact statement before the court, the offender be obscured from the view of the reader;
(b)
that, while the reader is reading aloud the victim impact statement before the court, all persons other than those specified by the court be excluded from the courtroom;
(c)
that a person approved by the court be present while the reader is reading aloud the victim impact statement to provide emotional support to the reader;
(d)
if there is an audiovisual link within the court precincts—that the reader read aloud the victim impact statement outside the courtroom and the reading be transmitted to the courtroom by means of the audiovisual link.
(3)
For subsection (2)(c), the person providing emotional support to the reader must be permitted to be in close proximity to the reader, and within the reader’s sight, while the reader is reading aloud the victim impact statement before the court.
(4)
For subsection (2)(d)—
(a)
the place outside the courtroom from which the reader reads aloud the victim impact statement is taken to be part of the sentencing court; and
(b)
it is not necessary that the place be within the court precincts.
(5)
The court may, on its own initiative or on the application of the prosecutor, vary or revoke a direction made under subsection (2).
s 179N ins 2017 No. 8s 12
Part 11
General
180
Effect of alterations in sentences
(1)
If a provision of this or another Act increases the sentence, or the maximum or minimum sentence, for an offence, the increase applies only to offences committed after the commencement of the provision.
(2)
If a provision of this or another Act reduces the sentence, or the maximum or minimum sentence, for an offence, the reduction—
(a)
extends to offences committed before the commencement of the provision; but
(b)
does not affect any sentence imposed before the commencement.
180A
Meaning of certain sentence provisions
A provision of an Act that provides to the effect that the maximum penalty for an offence may be a fine or imprisonment means that the sentencing court may order the offender—
(a)
to pay a fine; or
(b)
to be imprisoned; or
(c)
to pay a fine and also to be imprisoned.
Example—
‘Maximum penalty—100 penalty units or imprisonment for 2 years’ means the offender is liable to—
(a)
a maximum fine of 100 penalty units; or
(b)
maximum imprisonment of 2 years; or
(c)
a maximum fine of 100 penalty units and also maximum imprisonment of 2 years.
s 180A ins 1993 No. 36s 12
181
Corporations entitled to aggrieved party payments
If under this Act or another Act a penalty or forfeiture is payable to a party aggrieved, it is payable to a corporation if the corporation is the party aggrieved.
s 181 amd 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
181A
Corporations to be fined if imprisonment is the only penalty
(1)
If—
(a)
an Act provides that the punishment for an offence against a provision of the Act is imprisonment only; and
(b)
a body corporate is convicted of having committed the offence;
the court by or before which the body corporate is convicted may impose a fine on the body corporate determined under subsection (2).
(2)
The fine mentioned in subsection (1) may be—
(a)
if the imprisonment is not more than 6 months—not more than 415 penalty units; or
(b)
if the imprisonment is more than 6 months but not more than 1 year—not more than 835 penalty units; or
(c)
if the imprisonment is more than 1 year but not more than 2 years—not more than 1,660 penalty units; or
(d)
if the term of imprisonment is more than 2 years—an unlimited amount.
(3)
Subsection (1) does not apply to an offence if the Act concerned provides another way of enforcing the punishment mentioned in subsection (1)(a) against a body corporate.
s 181A (prev s 181(2), (3), (6)) renum 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
181B
Corporation fines under penalty provision
(1)
This section applies to a provision prescribing a maximum fine for an offence only if the provision does not expressly prescribe a maximum fine for a body corporate different from the maximum fine for an individual.
(2)
The maximum fine is taken only to be the maximum fine for an individual.
(3)
If a body corporate is found guilty of the offence, the court may impose a maximum fine of an amount equal to 5 times the maximum fine for an individual.
s 181B ins 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
181C
Corporation fines under provision authorising subordinate legislation
(1)
This section applies to a provision of an Act prescribing the maximum fine for an offence that may be imposed under subordinate legislation under the Act only if the provision does not expressly prescribe a maximum fine for a body corporate different from the maximum fine for an individual.
(2)
The maximum fine is taken only to be the maximum fine for an individual that may be imposed under the subordinate legislation.
(3)
The maximum fine for a corporation that may be imposed under the subordinate legislation is taken to be 5 times the maximum fine for an individual.
s 181C ins 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
182
Enforcement of order for penalty for an offender dealt with on indictment
(1)
If an offender dealt with on indictment fails to pay a penalty, or an instalment of a penalty, that a court ordered the offender to pay, the prosecution may apply to the court for the offender to be further dealt with for the offence according to law.
(2)
Notice may be served on the offender requiring the offender to appear before the court at the time and place mentioned in the notice for the hearing of the application mentioned in subsection (1).
(3)
The court may issue a warrant directing that the offender be arrested and brought before the court or a justice to be dealt with according to law—
(a)
in the first instance instead of proceeding by way of notice mentioned in subsection (2); or
(b)
if the offender fails to appear as required by the notice.
(4)
If an offender is brought before a justice under a warrant issued under subsection (3), the justice may commit the offender to prison or may remand the offender on bail to be brought before the court that ordered the penalty to be paid.
(5)
On the hearing of an application under subsection (1), if the court is satisfied that the offender failed to pay the penalty, or an instalment of the penalty, it may—
(a)
set aside the sentence imposed for the offence and deal with the offender in a way in which the court could have dealt with the offender if the offender had just been convicted by or before it of the offence; or
(b)
dismiss the application.
(6)
If the court deals with the offender under subsection (5)(a) and imposes a fine, the court must inform the offender that the offender may immediately verbally apply to the court for a fine option order in relation to the fine.
(7)
If an application is made under subsection (6), the court—
(a)
must immediately proceed to hear the application but may adjourn the application to obtain further information; and
(b)
may make a fine option order.
s 182 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1
182A
Court may make order for default payment of penalty
(1)
A court that orders an offender to pay a penalty may also order that, if the offender fails to pay the penalty immediately or within the time allowed by the court in its order, the offender is to be imprisoned for a term calculated—
(a)
under subsection (2)(a); or
(b)
by dividing the amount of the penalty by the cut-out rate mentioned in the SPE Act, schedule 2, definition cut-out rate, paragraph (a), rounded down to the nearest whole number and expressed as a number of days.
(2)
The term of imprisonment—
(a)
must be—
(i)
the term that, in the court’s opinion, will satisfy the justice of the case; but
(ii)
not more than 14 days imprisonment for each penalty unit, or part of a penalty unit, that the offender was ordered to pay; and
(b)
must be served cumulatively with any term of imprisonment the offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve, unless the court orders otherwise.
(3)
This section has effect—
(a)
subject to the Act under which the penalty is ordered to be paid; and
(b)
despite section 152, whether or not a conviction is recorded.
s 182A ins 1993 No. 36s 13
amd 2007 No. 3s 56; 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
182B
s 182B ins 1993 No. 36s 13
amd 1994 No. 6s 4
om 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
183
Imprisonment unless penalty paid
If—
(a)
an Act under which a penalty is ordered to be paid does not provide, or a court that orders an offender to pay a penalty does not make an order, for default in payment of the penalty; and
(b)
an offender ordered to pay the penalty does not pay the penalty;
the offender may be imprisoned for a period prescribed by section 185.
s 183 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1994 No. 6s 5
184
Imprisonment unless act done
Unless an Act otherwise provides, if an offender who is ordered by a court to do an act fails to do the act, the court may order the offender to be imprisoned for a term not longer than 2 years.
185
Scale of imprisonment for non-payment of penalty
(1)
If—
(a)
an offender is ordered to pay a penalty; and
(b)
the court may order imprisonment of the offender or execution against the property of the offender if the penalty is not paid; and
(c)
either of the following subparagraphs applies—
(i)
the penalty is not paid;
(ii)
execution to recover the amount of the penalty is to be against property of the offender and execution does not satisfy the amount;
the court may order the offender to be imprisoned for a term calculated under subsection (2)(a).
(2)
The term of imprisonment—
(a)
must be—
(i)
such as, in the court’s opinion, will satisfy the justice of the case; but
(ii)
not more than 14 days imprisonment for each penalty unit, or part of a penalty unit, that the offender was ordered to pay; and
(b)
must be served cumulatively with any term of imprisonment the offender is serving, or has been sentenced to serve, unless the court otherwise orders.
(3)
This section has effect—
(a)
subject to the provisions of the Act under which the penalty is ordered to be paid; and
(b)
despite section 152 whether or not a conviction is recorded.
s 185 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 1994 No. 6s 6
185A
If offender does not pay penalty under s 182A or 185
(1)
If the offender does not pay the penalty mentioned in section 182A or 185 immediately or within the time allowed by the court, the proper officer of the court must either—
(a)
issue a warrant for the arrest and imprisonment of the offender for the term ordered by the court; or
(b)
give to the registrar under the SPE Act, the information and particulars the registrar requires under that Act for registration under that Act of the unpaid amount of the penalty.
(2)
However, if the proper officer of the court intends to act under subsection (1)(a) and the court did not order a default period of imprisonment for the offender, the proper officer must first refer the matter to the court for an order for the imprisonment of the offender under section 185.
(3)
A warrant under subsection (1)(a) is to be directed to all police officers.
s 185A ins 1993 No. 36s 14
amd 1993 No. 76s 3sch 1
sub 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
amd 2007 No. 3s 57; 2016 No. 31s 7sch 1
185B
Power of proper officer to postpone warrant
(1)
The proper officer of the court may postpone the issue of a warrant under section 185A if the officer considers it just to postpone the issue of the warrant.
(2)
The postponement of the warrant may be subject to the reasonable conditions the proper officer considers necessary in the circumstances.
(3)
Application for a postponement under subsection (1)—
(a)
must be in writing; and
(b)
may be made by a party to the proceedings in which the warrant is to be issued.
(4)
If the offender fails to comply with a condition to which the postponement is subject, the proper officer must deal with the offender under section 185A(1)(a) or (b) as if the offender had only just failed to pay the penalty mentioned in section 182A or 185.
s 185B ins 1993 No. 36s 14
amd 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1; 2007 No. 3s 58
185C
Power of proper officer to recall warrant and issue new warrant on part payment of penalty
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
the proper officer of the court issues a warrant under section 185A(1); and
(b)
before the warrant is executed, the offender pays an amount in part satisfaction of the penalty.
(2)
The proper officer may—
(a)
recall the warrant; and
(b)
issue a new warrant for the reduced penalty for the arrest and imprisonment of the offender.
(3)
For subsection (2)(b) the term of imprisonment is to be reduced in the way stated in section 186(1).
(4)
If the offender pays a further amount in part satisfaction of the penalty, the proper officer may recall a warrant issued under subsection (2)(b) if it has not been executed and issue further warrants in accordance with subsection (2)(b) until the penalty is fully paid.
s 185C ins 1999 No. 67s 14
186
Reduction of imprisonment
(1)
If it appears to the proper officer of the court that the amount of the penalty has been reduced by the offender who was ordered to pay the penalty by—
(a)
payment of part of the penalty; or
(b)
an amount realised by execution against the property of the offender;
the term for which the offender may be imprisoned is the number of whole days worked out by dividing the balance of the penalty by the original penalty and multiplying the result by the number of days ordered to be served in default of payment of the penalty.
(2)
If—
(a)
an offender is imprisoned for failing to pay a penalty; and
(b)
an amount is paid to the chief executive (corrective services) in satisfaction or part satisfaction of the penalty;
imprisonment the offender is serving is reduced to the number of whole days worked out by dividing the balance of the penalty by the original penalty and multiplying the result by the number of days ordered to be served in default of payment of the penalty.
(2A)
For subsections (1) and (2), a fraction of a day is to be disregarded.
(3)
The chief executive (corrective services)—
(a)
must—
(i)
accept payment of all amounts tendered under subsection (2); and
(ii)
pay every amount tendered to the proper officer of the court; and
(b)
must release the offender from custody when the penalty is fully paid, unless the offender is in custody for another matter.
s 186 amd 1996 No. 79s 92; 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1; 2006 No. 29s 501
187
Disqualification from holding Queensland driver licence
(1)
If—
(a)
an offender is convicted of an offence in connection with or arising out of the operation, or the interference in any way with the operation, of a motor vehicle by the offender; and
(b)
the court by or before which the offender is convicted is satisfied having regard to the nature of the offence, or to the circumstances in which it was committed, that the offender should, in the interests of justice, be disqualified from holding or obtaining a Queensland driver licence;
the court may, in addition to any sentence that it may impose, order that the offender is, from the time of the conviction, disqualified absolutely, or for such period as is ordered by the court, from holding or obtaining a Queensland driver licence.
(2)
Subsection (1) applies whether or not a conviction is recorded.
(3)
The proper officer of the court must send a copy of the order to the chief executive of the department that administers the Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995.
s 187 amd 1999 No. 42s 51schpt 3; 2007 No. 37s 125sch; 2010 No. 48s 3sch; 2013 No. 45s 52; 2014 No. 39s 67; 2016 No. 62s 281
188
Court may reopen sentencing proceedings
(1)
If a court has in, or in connection with, a criminal proceeding, including a proceeding on appeal—
(a)
imposed a sentence that is not in accordance with the law; or
(b)
failed to impose a sentence that the court legally should have imposed; or
(c)
imposed a sentence decided on a clear factual error of substance; or
(d)
failed to fix a date for the offender to be released on parole as required under part 9, division 3;
the court, whether or not differently constituted, may reopen the proceeding.
(2)
Also, if—
(a)
a court has in, or in connection with, a criminal proceeding reduced a sentence because the offender has undertaken in a written declaration to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in a proceeding about an offence, including a confiscation proceeding; and
(b)
the offender, without reasonable excuse, does not cooperate under the undertaking;
the court, whether or not differently constituted, may reopen the proceeding.
(3)
If a court reopens a proceeding, it—
(a)
must give the parties an opportunity to be heard; and
(b)
may resentence the offender—
(i)
for a reopening under subsection (1)(a)—to a sentence in accordance with law; or
(ii)
for a reopening under subsection (1)(b)—to a sentence the court legally should have imposed; or
(iii)
for a reopening under subsection (1)(c)—to a sentence that takes into account the factual error; or
(iv)
for a reopening under subsection (2)—to a sentence under subsection (4); and
(c)
may amend any relevant conviction or order to the extent necessary to take into account the sentence imposed under paragraph (b).
(4)
On an application under subsection (2)—
(a)
if the court is satisfied that the offender has completely failed to cooperate, the court must resentence the offender having regard to the sentence that would otherwise have been imposed if an undertaking under section 13A had not been given; or
(b)
if the court is satisfied that the offender has partly failed to cooperate, the court may substitute for the reduced sentence the sentence it considers appropriate, not greater than the sentence that would have been imposed if the undertaking had not been given.
(5)
The court may reopen the proceeding—
(a)
on its own initiative at any time; or
(b)
for a reopening under subsection (1)—on the application of a party to the proceeding made within—
(i)
28 days after the day the sentence was imposed; or
(ii)
any further time the court may allow on application at any time; or
(c)
for a reopening under subsection (1)(d)—on the application of the chief executive (corrective services); or
(d)
for a reopening under subsection (2)—on the application of the prosecution made at any time, whether or not the appeal period under the Criminal Code, section 671(2) has expired.
(6)
Subject to subsection (7), this section does not affect any right of appeal.
(7)
For an appeal under any Act against a sentence imposed under subsection (3) or (4), the time within which the appeal must be made starts from the day the sentence is imposed under subsection (3) or (4).
(8)
This section applies to a sentence imposed, or required to be imposed, whether before or after the commencement of this section.
s 188 sub 1997 No. 3s 122sch 2
amd 2006 No. 29s 502
189
Outstanding offences may be taken into account in imposing sentence
(1)
A court that sentences an offender for an offence may proceed under this section if—
(a)
the prosecution consents; and
(b)
it is satisfied that—
(i)
there has been lodged in court a form that includes, or has attached, a list of other offences, that are not excluded offences, that it is alleged the offender has committed but of which the offender has not been convicted; and
(ii)
a copy of the form has been given to the offender; and
(iii)
in all the circumstances of the case it is proper to do so.
(2)
The court may take all or any of the offences contained in the list mentioned in subsection (1)(b)(i) into account if the offender—
(a)
is represented by counsel or a solicitor; and
(b)
pleads guilty to the offences; and
(c)
asks that they be taken into account by the court in imposing sentence for the offence of which the person has been convicted.
(3)
The court must not impose a sentence that is more than the maximum sentence that may be imposed for the offence of which the person has been convicted.
(4)
The court must certify on the form mentioned in subsection (1)(b)(i) the offences mentioned in the list that have been taken into account in imposing sentence on the offender.
(5)
Subject to subsection (6), proceedings or further proceedings for offences contained in the certification mentioned in subsection (4) can not be taken against the offender.
(6)
Proceedings or further proceedings mentioned in subsection (5) may be taken if the court’s decision is quashed or set aside.
(7)
If the court’s decision is quashed or set aside, an admission of guilt for an offence made by the offender for the purposes of this section is not admissible in evidence—
(a)
in proceedings or further proceedings taken against the offender; or
(b)
in proceedings or further proceedings for the offence if the offence was not taken into account under this section in imposing sentence.
(8)
Subject to section 35(4), an offence taken into account under this section in imposing sentence on an offender for another offence must not, because it was taken into account, be regarded for any purpose as an offence of which the offender has been convicted.
(9)
If, under this section, an offence is taken into account in imposing sentence on an offender for another offence, then, in criminal proceedings—
(a)
if reference may lawfully be made to the fact that the person was convicted of the other offence—reference may also be made to the fact that the first offence was taken into account; and
(b)
if evidence may lawfully be given of the fact that the offender was convicted of the other offence—evidence may also be given of the fact that the first offence was taken into account.
(10)
The fact that an offence was taken into account may be proved in the same way as the conviction for the offence in relation to which it was taken into account may be proved.
(11)
Subsection (8) has effect despite subsection (9).
(12)
In this section—
excluded offence means an offence against section 123(1) if the community based order to which the offence relates is a graffiti removal order.
s 189 amd 1993 No. 36s 2sch 1; 2013 No. 31s 62
190
Magistrates Court may release offender
(1)
If a Magistrates Court convicts an offender of an offence relating to property, it may release the offender without imposing any sentence if the offender pays to the person entitled to the property the amount that the court orders.
(2)
The amount mentioned in subsection (1)—
(a)
is to be for damages assessed by the court; and
(b)
may include costs.
191
Effect of order under s 190
(1)
If an offender mentioned in section 190(1) pays the amount ordered by the court, the person aggrieved can not take civil proceedings against the offender for damages arising out of a cause of action that gave rise to the damages mentioned in section 190(2)(a).
(2)
The order made is taken to be a sentence for the purposes of—
(a)
section 7 or 179C; and
(b)
an Act that gives a right of appeal from an order made by a Magistrates Court.
s 191 amd 2012 No. 17s 38
192
Magistrates Court to assess value of property
If a Magistrates Court imposes a penalty for an offence on the basis of—
(a)
the value of property taken, killed or destroyed; or
(b)
the amount of damage done to property;
the value or amount must be assessed in money by the court.
193
Payment of value or amount assessed under s 192
(1)
If the value or amount mentioned in section 192 is recovered, it must be paid—
(a)
to the person aggrieved; or
(b)
if the person aggrieved is unknown or the property is public property—to the consolidated fund or to the relevant public authority, as the case may be.
(2)
If a Magistrates Court under section 192 imposes a penalty on several offenders for a single offence—
(a)
the person aggrieved must not be paid more than the value or amount assessed under section 192; and
(b)
any amount that is left after paying the assessed value or amount to the person aggrieved must be paid to the consolidated fund.
194
Restoration of property
(1)
If an offender is convicted on indictment on a charge of which the unlawful obtaining of property by the offender is an element, then, on the complaint of—
(a)
the owner of property; or
(b)
a person who is legally entitled to possession of the property;
the court may order the property to be restored to the owner or person.
(2)
The order—
(a)
may be enforced as a judgment; and
(b)
is binding on the offender, and any person claiming through the offender, as determining the ownership of the property;
but, as regards any other person, has the effect only of changing the possession of the property, and does not affect any right of property or right of action.
(3)
In a case to which subsection (1) applies, the court may order that any personal property—
(a)
that is found in the offender’s possession; and
(b)
that appears to the court to have been obtained, directly or indirectly, from the unlawful obtaining mentioned in subsection (1);
be delivered to the person who appears to the court to be entitled to the personal property.
(4)
This section does not apply to a valuable security if it appears that—
(a)
the security has been paid or discharged in good faith by a person liable to make payment of the security; or
(b)
if the security is a negotiable instrument—the security has been taken or received by transfer or delivery in good faith by a person for a valuable consideration without notice and the person did not have reasonable cause to suspect that the security had been unlawfully obtained.
(5)
In subsection (4)—
valuable security includes any document that—
(a)
is the property of any person; and
(b)
is evidence of the ownership of any property or of the right to recover or receive any property.
195
Passport orders
(1)
If an offender is convicted of an offence and the court records a conviction, it may make 1 or more of the orders mentioned in subsection (2) in addition to any other order it may make under this Act.
(2)
An order made under subsection (1) may order that the offender—
(a)
must remain in Australia or the State; or
(b)
must not apply for, or obtain, an Australian passport; or
(c)
must surrender any passport held by the offender.
(3)
An offender who contravenes an order under subsection (1) commits an offence.
Maximum penalty—2 years imprisonment.
(4)
An order under subsection (1) stays in force for the duration of the sentence (whether or not the sentence is one that involves, in whole or part, a term of imprisonment).
(5)
The court may, by order, amend an order under subsection (1).
(6)
If the court makes an order under subsection (1) or (5), the proper officer of the court must, as soon as practicable, give a copy of the order to the secretary to the department of the Commonwealth responsible for matters arising under the Australian Passports Act 2005 (Cwlth) and the Foreign Passports (Law Enforcement and Security) Act 2005 (Cwlth).
(7)
If an order under subsection (1) states that the offender must surrender any passport held by the offender—
(a)
the passport must be given to the proper officer of the court; and
(b)
the proper officer must cause the passport to be kept in such custody as the proper officer considers appropriate until—
(i)
the passport must be returned under subsection (8); or
(ii)
the authority that issued the passport requests its return;
whichever happens first.
(8)
If the passport is still in the custody of the proper officer of the court when the order under subsection (1) finishes, the proper officer must cause it to be returned to the offender.
(9)
This section does not affect any other powers of the court.
s 195 amd 2010 No. 48s 3sch
195A
Failure to perform community service in a satisfactory way
(1)
For the purposes of sections 66(1)(b), 103(1)(d) and 114(1)(e), an offender is taken not to perform community service in a satisfactory way if the offender—
(a)
reports to perform community service under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a dangerous drug; or
(b)
is under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a dangerous drug while performing community service; or
(c)
unlawfully damages—
(i)
anything supplied to the offender for the purpose of performing community service; or
(ii)
property in relation to which the offender is required to perform community service.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not limit the circumstances in which an offender does not perform community service in a satisfactory way.
(3)
In this section—
dangerous drug means a dangerous drug within the meaning of the Drugs Misuse Act 1986.
s 195A ins 2004 No. 43s 81
195B
Access to court files by representative of community justice group in offender’s community
(1)
This section applies if an offender is an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person.
(2)
A representative of the community justice group in the offender’s community may inspect a court file, or a document in a court file, or obtain a copy of information from a court file or document, that may be relevant to making a submission about the offender under section 9(2)(p).
(3)
However, subsection (2) applies only if the court directs that the information be made available or given to the representative.
(4)
The court may make the direction whether or not the representative has made an application to the court for the direction.
(5)
In deciding whether to direct that information be made available or given to the representative, the court may have regard to the following—
(a)
whether the representative would otherwise have access to the information;
(b)
whether the offender consents to the information being made available or given to the representative.
(6)
Subsection (5) does not limit the matters to which the court may have regard.
s 195B ins 2007 No. 59s 139
amd 2014 No. 9s 36; 2016 No. 38s 62
195C
Confidentiality
(1)
A person who is a member of a community justice group must not—
(a)
record or use information the person, or another person who is a member of the community justice group, gains through performing a function under this Act, or intentionally disclose it to anyone, other than under subsection (2); or
(b)
recklessly disclose the information to anyone.
Maximum penalty—100 penalty units or 2 years imprisonment.
(2)
A person who is a member of a community justice group may—
(a)
record, use or disclose the information if the recording, use or disclosure—
(i)
is done as part of making submissions to the court under section 9(2)(p); or
(ii)
is otherwise required or permitted by law; or
(b)
disclose the information to another member of the community justice group.
(3)
In this section—
disclose information to someone else means—
(a)
orally disclose the information to the other person; or
(b)
produce to the other person, or give the other person access to, a document containing the information; or
(c)
disclose the information to the other person in another way.
s 195C ins 2007 No. 59s 139
amd 2014 No. 9s 37; 2016 No. 38s 63
195D
Protection from liability
(1)
This section applies to a person who—
(a)
is a member of the community justice group in an offender’s community; and
(b)
is responsible for the making of a submission about the offender to a court under section 9(2)(p).
(2)
For subsection (1)(b), it does not matter that the person did not personally make the submission to the court.
(3)
The person is not civilly liable for an act done, or an omission made, honestly and without negligence in relation to the making of the submission.
s 195D ins 2007 No. 59s 139
amd 2014 No. 9s 38; 2016 No. 38s 64
195E
Court may require copies of report to be given to corrective services department
(1)
A court that sentences an offender for an offence may order that a copy of a medical or other report tendered during the sentencing proceeding must be given to the corrective services department.
Note—
Information contained in the report may be confidential information under the Corrective Services Act 2006, section 341 that must not be disclosed other than under that section.
(2)
The order may include—
(a)
the time within which the copy must be given to the corrective services department; and
(b)
any other requirement to facilitate the giving of the copy to the corrective services department.
(3)
In this section—
corrective services department means the department in which the Corrective Services Act 2006 is administered.
s 195E ins 2020 No. 32s 54
196
Regulation-making power
(1)
The Governor in Council may make regulations under this Act.
(2)
A regulation may prescribe matters relating to the recording of convictions for domestic violence offences, or the making of entries in criminal histories about domestic violence offences, including, for example, the way in which, and time within which, the records or entries are to be made.
s 196 amd 1995 No. 58s 4sch 1; 2010 No. 48s 3sch; 2015 No. 17s 19
197
Forms
The chief executive may approve forms for use under this Act.
s 197 ins 2004 No. 43s 82
Part 12
Queensland Sentencing Advisory Council
pt 12 hdg prev pt 12 hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres pt 12 hdg ins 2016 No. 31s 5
Division 1
Establishment and functions
pt 12 div 1 hdg prev pt 12 div 1 hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres pt 12 div 1 hdg ins 2016 No. 31s 5
198
Establishment
The Queensland Sentencing Advisory Council is established.
s 198 prev s 198 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 198 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
199
Functions of council
(1)
The functions of the council are—
(a)
if asked by the Court of Appeal, to give the court the council’s views, in writing, about the giving or reviewing of a guideline judgment; and
(b)
if asked by the Attorney-General, to advise the Attorney-General on matters relating to sentencing; and
(c)
to give information to the community to enhance knowledge and understanding of matters relating to sentencing; and
(d)
to publish information about sentencing; and
(e)
to research matters about sentencing and publish the outcomes of the research; and
(f)
to obtain the community’s views on sentencing and matters about sentencing.
(2)
To help in performing its functions, the council may consult with, and ask for information from, the judiciary, government departments and other entities.
Example of information that may be requested—
statistical information about crime held by a government department
(3)
In this section—
publish includes give information to the judiciary, government departments and other entities.
s 199 prev s 199 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 199 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
200
Powers of council
The council has the power to do anything necessary or convenient to be done in the performance of its functions.
s 200 prev s 200 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 200 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
Division 2
Membership
pt 12 div 2 hdg prev pt 12 div 2 hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres pt 12 div 2 hdg ins 2016 No. 31s 5
201
Appointment of members
(1)
The council consists of not more than 14 members appointed by the Governor in Council, by gazette notice, on the recommendation of the Attorney-General.
(2)
At least 1 member of the council must be an Aboriginal person or Torres Strait Islander.
(3)
At least 1 member of the council must be a person who has lived experience as a victim of crime.
(4)
In recommending a person to the Governor in Council, the Attorney-General must be satisfied the person has expertise or experience relevant to the functions of the council, including, for example, in relation to the following—
(a)
victims of crime;
(b)
justice matters relating to Aboriginal people or Torres Strait Islanders;
(c)
justice matters relating to domestic and family violence;
(d)
vulnerable persons facing the criminal justice system;
Examples of vulnerable persons—
•
persons who have a mental illness
•
persons who have an intellectual or other disability
•
persons who have a substance abuse problem
•
homeless persons
(e)
law enforcement;
(f)
crime prevention;
(g)
criminal prosecutions;
(h)
criminal defence representation;
(i)
civil liberties;
(j)
corrective services, including offender rehabilitation;
(k)
juvenile justice matters;
(l)
criminal justice policy;
(m)
criminal law, including sentencing;
(n)
criminology.
(5)
In this section—
corrective services see the Corrective Services Act 2006, schedule 4.
s 201 prev s 201 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 201 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
amd 2023 No. 34s 4
202
Chairperson and deputy chairperson
(1)
The Governor in Council may, on the recommendation of the Attorney-General, appoint—
(a)
a member of the council to be the chairperson of the council; and
(b)
another member of the council to be the deputy chairperson of the council.
(2)
A member may be appointed as the chairperson or deputy chairperson at the same time the person is appointed as a member.
(3)
The chairperson or deputy chairperson holds office for the term, ending not later than the person’s term of appointment as a member, stated in the person’s appointment as chairperson or deputy chairperson.
(4)
The deputy chairperson must act as chairperson—
(a)
during a vacancy in the office of chairperson; and
(b)
during all periods when the chairperson is absent from duty or for another reason can not perform the duties of the office.
s 202 prev s 202 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 202 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203
Term of appointment
(1)
A member of the council holds office for the term, not longer than 3 years, stated in the member’s instrument of appointment.
(2)
Subsection (1) does not prevent a member from being reappointed.
s 203 prev s 203 ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203 ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203A
Conditions of appointment
(1)
A member is entitled to be paid the remuneration and allowances decided by the Governor in Council.
(2)
A member holds office on the terms, not provided for by this Act, decided by the Governor in Council.
(3)
The members are appointed under this Act and not the Public Sector Act 2022.
s 203A prev s 203A ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203A ins 2016 No. 31s 5
amd 2022 No. 34s 365sch 3
203B
Vacancy in office
(1)
A member’s office becomes vacant if—
(a)
the member resigns office by signed notice given to the Attorney-General; or
(b)
the member’s appointment is terminated by the Governor in Council under subsection (3).
(2)
A notice given by a member under subsection (1)(a)—
(a)
must—
(i)
state the day the member’s resignation takes effect; and
(ii)
be given to the Attorney-General at least 30 days before the stated day; and
(b)
takes effect on the stated day or another day agreed between the member and the Attorney-General.
(3)
The Governor in Council may terminate the appointment of a member if the Attorney-General recommends that the member’s appointment be terminated.
(4)
The Attorney-General may recommend that a member’s appointment be terminated only if satisfied that the member—
(a)
is incapable of performing the member’s duties; or
(b)
has been convicted, including by summary conviction, of an indictable offence; or
(c)
has neglected the member’s duties or performed them incompetently or inefficiently.
s 203B prev s 203B ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203B ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203C
Council decision not invalidated by defect in appointment or vacancy
A decision of the council is not invalidated by—
(a)
a defect or irregularity in the appointment of a member of the council, including in the appointment of the chairperson or deputy chairperson; or
(b)
a vacancy in the membership of the council.
s 203C prev s 203C ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203C ins 2016 No. 31s 5
Division 3
Proceedings
pt 12 div 3 hdg prev pt 12 div 3 hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres pt 12 div 3 hdg ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203D
Conduct of business
Subject to this division, the council may conduct its business, including its meetings, in the way it considers appropriate.
s 203D prev s 203D ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203D ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203E
Quorum
A quorum for a meeting of the council is a majority of the council’s members for the time being.
s 203E prev s 203E ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203E ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203F
Presiding at meetings
(1)
The chairperson presides at all meetings of the council at which the chairperson is present.
(2)
If the chairperson is absent from a meeting, the deputy chairperson presides.
(3)
If neither the chairperson nor deputy chairperson is present at a meeting, a member of the council chosen by the members present is to preside.
s 203F prev s 203F ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203F ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203G
Conduct of meetings
(1)
A question at a council meeting is decided by a majority of the votes of the members present at the meeting.
(2)
Each member present at a meeting has a vote on each question to be decided.
(3)
If there is an equality of votes at a meeting, the member presiding at the meeting also has a casting vote.
(4)
A member present at a meeting may abstain from voting.
(5)
A meeting may be held using any technology allowing reasonably contemporaneous and continuous communication between members.
Example of use of technology—
teleconferencing
(6)
A member who takes part in a meeting under subsection (5) is taken to be present at the meeting.
s 203G prev s 203G ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203G ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203H
Minutes
The council must keep minutes of its meetings.
s 203H prev s 203H ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203H ins 2016 No. 31s 5
Division 4
Other matters
pt 12 div 4 hdg prev pt 12 div 4 hdg ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres pt 12 div 4 hdg ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203I
Council may engage persons to help in performing functions
(1)
The council may, with the chief executive’s approval, engage persons with suitable qualifications and experience to help the council in performing its functions.
(2)
The engagement may be in an honorary capacity or for remuneration.
s 203I pres s 203I ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203I ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203J
Reports
(1)
The council must give the Attorney-General a written report—
(a)
each financial year, by the date requested in writing by the Attorney-General; and
(b)
otherwise, as requested in writing by the Attorney-General.
(2)
A report under subsection (1)(a)—
(a)
must include information about—
(i)
performance of the council’s functions, in particular about the provision of information to the community to enhance knowledge and understanding of matters about sentencing; and
(ii)
the work to be carried out by the council in the future in performing the council’s functions; and
(b)
must be tabled in the Legislative Assembly by the Attorney-General within 14 sitting days after the Attorney-General receives the report.
s 203J prev s 203J ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
pres s 203J ins 2016 No. 31s 5
203K
s 203K ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
203L
s 203L ins 2010 No. 48s 8
om 2012 No. 19s 17
Part 13
Miscellaneous
204
General transitional provisions
(1)
This Act applies to any sentence imposed after the commencement of this section, irrespective of when the offence was committed.
(2)
However, this Act (the original Act) as in force immediately before the commencement of the Penalties and Sentences Legislation Amendment Act 1993 (the amending Act) continues to apply to sentences imposed after the commencement of the original Act and before the commencement of the amending Act.
(3)
An offender in relation to whom a sentence is in force immediately before the commencement of this section continues to be subject to the requirements of the sentence in all respects as if this Act had not been enacted.
(4)
A sentence mentioned in subsection (3) may be amended, and any failure to comply with it may be dealt with, under this Act as it if were a sentence imposed after the commencement of this section.
(6)
For the purposes of this section, a sentence imposed by an appeal court after the commencement of this section, on setting aside a sentencing order made before the commencement, is taken to have been imposed at the time the original sentencing order was made.
(7)
If an offender fails to comply with a requirement of a sentence mentioned in subsection (3) that is not amended under subsection (4), the failure may be dealt with under this Act as if the sentence were a sentence imposed after the commencement of this section.
204A
s 204A ins 1994 No. 6s 7
om 1995 No. 58s 4sch 1
205
Penalty Units Act 1985
references
In an Act or document, a reference to the Penalty Units Act 1985 may, if the context permits, be taken to be a reference to this Act.
s 205 ins 1995 No. 58s 4sch 1
Part 14
Transitional provisions
pt 14 hdg ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
Division 1
Transitional provisions before Criminal Law Amendment Act 2012
pt 14 div 1 hdg ins 2012 No. 19s 18
206
Transitional provisions for Penalties and Sentences (Serious Violent Offences) Amendment Act 1997
(1)
Section 157(7)(b) applies to a recommendation made under section 157 even if the recommendation was made before the commencement of section 157(7).
(2)
For subsection 161C(2)(b), sentences of imprisonment imposed on the offender for offences mentioned in section 161C(1)(c) or (d) must be taken into account even if the sentences were imposed before the commencement of part 9A.
s 206 ins 1997 No. 4s 16
207
Transitional provisions for State Penalties Enforcement Act 1999
(1)
This section applies if, on the commencement of this section, an offender or surety has not paid an amount under an order under the Crown Proceedings Act 1980, section 13 (the repealed law).
(2)
Despite the repeal of the repealed law, the following provisions have effect—
(a)
the order continues to have effect as if it were an order made under section 33A of this Act;
(b)
any amount that has not been paid under the order under the repealed law continues to be payable until it is paid or otherwise satisfied;
(c)
despite the repeal of the Crown Proceedings Act 1980, section 15, an application may be made under section 33B as if the order forfeiting the recognisance were an order under section 33A;
(d)
any warrant that has not been enforced may be enforced according to its terms as if the repealed law had not been repealed;
(e)
any proceeding commenced before the repeal for an order under the repealed law may be continued as if it were a proceeding for an order under section 33A.
s 207 ins 1999 No. 70s 166sch 1
208
Transitional provisions for Criminal Law Amendment Act 2000
(1)
The definition of violent offence in section 162 applies as if the reference in the definition to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 1 included a reference to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 2 as in force at any time before the commencement of this section.
Column 1
Column 2
215
215
349
347
352
337
(2)
The Criminal Code items in the schedule (Serious violent offences) apply as if the reference in the item mentioned in column 1 to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 2 included a reference to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 3 as in force at any time before the commencement of this section.
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
9
215
215
35
349
347
36
350
349
37
351
336
38
352
337
39
354
351 or 354
s 208 ins 2000 No. 43s 57
209
Transitional provision for Penalties and Sentences (Non-contact Orders) Amendment Act 2001
Part 3A applies only to an offence committed after the commencement of this section.
s 209 ins 2001 No. 94s 6
210
Transitional provisions for Criminal Law Amendment Act 2002
(1)
For applying section 92(1)(b)(i) for the purpose of making or amending a probation order under part 5, division 1 in relation to an offence, it does not matter whether the offence was committed before or after the commencement of this section.
(2)
For applying section 147(1)(a), it does not matter when the order mentioned in section 146(1)(a) or (b) was made under section 144.
(3)
Section 171(1)(a), as in force immediately before the commencement of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 2002, section 64, continues to apply in relation to an indefinite sentence that was imposed in relation to an offence committed before the commencement.
s 210 ins 2002 No. 23s 65
(3) (prev s 171(3)) reloc 2012 No. 19s 16(4)
211
Transitional provision for the Sexual Offences (Protection of Children) Amendment Act 2003
Section 9 as amended by the Sexual Offences (Protection of Children) Amendment Act 2003, section 28, applies to the sentencing of an offender whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement of that section.
s 211 ins 2003 No. 3s 29
212
Transitional provisions for the 2004 amendments—approved forms and serious violent offences
(1)
A form approved by the chief executive (corrective services) for a purpose under this Act, and in force immediately before section 4 was amended by the 2004 Amendment Act, continues as the approved form for the purpose under this Act after the amendment.
(2)
The amendment of section 161 by the 2004 Amendment Act applies in relation to a declaration to be made under section 161(3)(c) or (3B)(c) after the commencement of the amendment—
(a)
whether the offences were committed before or after the commencement of the amendment; and
(b)
whether the offender was convicted of the offences before or after the commencement of the amendment.
(3)
The amendment of the schedule by the 2004 Amendment Act applies for the purposes of sections 161A to 161C—
(a)
whether the offences were committed before or after the commencement of the amendment; and
(b)
whether the offender was convicted of the offences before or after the commencement of the amendment.
(4)
In this section—
2004 Amendment Act means the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2004.
s 212 ins 2004 No. 43s 83
amd 2006 No. 29s 503
213
Transitional provision for s 157 (Eligibility for post-prison community based release)
(1)
The date recommended under former section 157 as the date that an offender be eligible for post-prison community based release is, after the commencement, taken to be the parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3.
(2)
However, if—
(a)
there is more than 1 recommendation in force immediately before the commencement; and
(b)
the recommendations recommend different dates as the date the offender is eligible for post-prison community based release;
the date that is latest in time is taken to be the parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3.
Example—
Recommendation A was made on 1 August 2005 and recommends that the offender be eligible for post-prison community based release on 1 January 2007.
Recommendation B was made on 1 March 2005 and recommends that the offender be eligible for post-prison community based release on 1 July 2007.
The date taken to be the current parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3 is 1 July 2007.
(3)
The date that a period recommended under former section 157 as the non-release period for an offender ends is, after the commencement, taken to be a parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3.
(4)
However, if—
(a)
there is more than 1 recommendation in force immediately before the commencement; and
(b)
the recommendations recommend different non-release periods for the offender;
the date of the last non-release period to end is taken to be the parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3.
Example—
Recommendation A was made on 1 August 2005 and recommends that the offender’s non-parole period ends on 1 January 2007.
Recommendation B was made on 1 March 2005 and recommends that the offender’s non-parole period ends on 1 July 2007.
The date taken to be the current parole eligibility date fixed for the offender under part 9, division 3 is 1 July 2007.
(5)
In this section—
commencement means the commencement of this section.
former section 157 means section 157 as in force before the commencement.
recommendation means a recommendation made by a court under former section 157 before the commencement that is in force.
s 213 ins 2006 No. 29s 504
214
Transitional provision for pt 9, div 3
Part 9, division 3 applies in relation to an offence for which a court imposes a term of imprisonment after the commencement of this section whether the offence or the finding of guilt for the offence happened before or after the commencement.
s 214 ins 2006 No. 29s 504
215
Transitional provision for State Penalties Enforcement and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2007
(1)
This section applies if, immediately before the commencement of this section—
(a)
a probation order was subject to requirements under section 94(1)(c), (d) or (e); or
(b)
a community service order was subject to requirements under section 104; or
(c)
an intensive correction order was subject to requirements under section 115(1)(c), (d) or (e).
(2)
On the commencement, the probation order, community service order or intensive correction order continues to be subject to the requirements as if the amendment Act had not commenced.
s 215 ins 2007 No. 3s 59
216
Transitional provision for Criminal Code and Other Acts Amendment Act 2008
(1)
The definition offence of a sexual nature in section 15E(4) applies as if the reference to the Criminal Code, section 208 included a reference to the Criminal Code, section 209 as in force at any time before its repeal by the Criminal Code and Other Acts Amendment Act 2008.
(2)
The Criminal Code items in the schedule apply as if the reference in the item mentioned in column 1 to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 2 included a reference to the provision of the Criminal Code mentioned in column 3 as in force at any time before the commencement of this section.
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
2
61
63
5
208
209
23
319
319A
s 216 ins 2008 No. 55s 143
217
Transitional provision for Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010
(1)
Section 9(7B) and amended part 10, other than new sections 172D and 174 to 174C, apply to the sentencing of an offender and to a review under that part no matter when the relevant offence happened or happens.
(2)
However, section 9(7B) and amended part 10, other than new sections 172D and 174 to 174C, only apply if the conviction for the offence took place after the date of assent of the amending Act.
(3)
New sections 172D and 174 to 174C apply to an offender on whom a finite sentence has been imposed no matter when the relevant offence or conviction happened or happens, or when the finite sentence was made.
(4)
Subsections (1) and (3) apply despite the Acts Interpretation Act 1954, section 20C.
(5)
In this section—
amended part 10 means part 10 as amended under the amending Act.
amending Act means the Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010.
new sections 172D and 174 to 174C means those numbered sections of the post-amended Act, as affected by any relevant definitions under the post-amended Act.
post-amended Act means this Act as amended by the amending Act.
s 217 ins 2010 No. 34s 44
amd 2013 No. 31s 63
218
Transitional provision for Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction Reform and Modernisation Amendment Act 2010
On the commencement of this section, section 152A, as amended by the Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction Reform and Modernisation Amendment Act 2010, has effect in relation to a proceeding, regardless of when the proceeding was commenced.
s 218 ins 2010 No. 26s 108
219
Transitional provision for the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010
This Act as amended by the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010, part 25 applies to a sentence imposed after the commencement of part 25, whether the offence was committed before or after the commencement of part 25.
s 219 ins 2010 No. 42s 164
220
Transitional provision for Liquor and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010
(1)
Part 3B, as inserted by the Liquor and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2010, section 55 applies in relation to an offence only if the offender was convicted for the offence after the commencement of this section.
(2)
For subsection (1), it is irrelevant whether the act or omission constituting the offence happened before or after the commencement.
s 220 ins 2010 No. 51s 56
Division 2
Transitional provisions for Criminal Law Amendment Act 2012
pt 14 div 2 hdg ins 2012 No. 19s 19
221
Transitional provision for s 171
(1)
For section 171(2)(a)(i) as inserted by the amendment Act, the period of time an offender must have served before the offender’s indefinite sentence must be reviewed for the first time continues to be 20 years if—
(a)
the Criminal Code, section 305(2) as amended by the amendment Act does not apply on sentence; but
(b)
that section as it existed before the commencement applies on sentence.
(2)
Section 171(2)(a)(iii), as inserted by the amendment Act, only applies to an offender who is serving an indefinite sentence for an offence of murder committed after the commencement.
(3)
In this section—
amendment Act means the Criminal Law Amendment Act 2012.
commencement means the commencement of the amendment Act, section 16.
s 221 ins 2012 No. 19s 19
222
s 222 ins 2012 No. 19s 19
om 2016 No. 31s 6
Division 3
Transitional provision for Criminal Law (Two Strike Child Sex Offenders) Amendment Act 2012
pt 14 div 3 hdg ins 2012 No. 14s 9
223
Transitional provision for s 161E
(1)
For applying section 161E, it does not matter whether the previous offence was committed, or the offender was convicted of the previous offence, before or after the commencement.
(2)
For a previous offence mentioned in subsection (1) as having been committed before the commencement, a reference in schedule 1A to the provision to which the offence relates is taken to be a reference to the provision as in force at any time before the commencement.
(3)
This section applies despite the Acts Interpretation Act 1954, section 20C(3) and the Criminal Code, section 11.
(4)
In this section—
commencement means the commencement of this section.
previous offence, for applying section 161E, means an offence mentioned in section 161E(1)(b).
s 223 ins 2012 No. 14s 9
Division 4
Transitional provisions for Penalties and Sentences and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2012
pt 14 div 4 hdg ins 2012 No. 17s 39
224
Retrospective application of s 179C in particular circumstances
(1)
Section 179C applies in relation to an offence for which the offender is sentenced after the commencement, even if the offence was committed, or the offender was charged with or convicted of the offence, before the commencement.
(2)
In this section—
commencement means the commencement of section 179C.
sentenced does not include resentenced as defined under section 179D.
s 224 ins 2012 No. 17s 39
225
s 225 ins 2012 No. 17s 39
om 2013 No. 39s 109sch 2
Division 5
Transitional provision for Criminal Proceeds Confiscation (Unexplained Wealth and Serious Drug Offender Confiscation Order) Amendment Act 2013
pt 14 div 5 hdg ins 2013 No. 21s 64
226
Retrospective application of pt 9C in particular circumstances
(1)
Part 9C applies in relation to a serious drug offence if the offender is charged with the offence on or after the commencement, regardless of whether the offence was committed before or after the commencement.
(2)
In this section—
commencement means the commencement of this section.
s 226 ins 2013 No. 21s 64
Division 6
Transitional provisions for expiry of Drug Court Act 2000
pt 14 div 6 hdg ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
227
Definitions for div 6
In this division—
Drug Court Act means the Drug Court Act 2000 as in force before its expiry.
intensive drug rehabilitation order means an order made under the Drug Court Act, section 19.
s 227 ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
228
Application of div 6
This division applies from 1 July 2013.
s 228 ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
229
Continuation of warrants
(1)
This section applies to a warrant issued under the Drug Court Act, section 40, for an offender before 30 June 2013—
(a)
but not enforced; or
(b)
enforced but not returned before a drug court magistrate before that day.
(2)
The warrant is taken to be a warrant—
(a)
issued by a magistrate; and
(b)
that authorises any police officer to arrest the offender and bring the offender before a magistrate.
s 229 ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
230
Dealing with offences after enforcement of warrant
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
an offender is arrested on a warrant mentioned in section 229; and
(b)
the offender is brought before a magistrate.
(2)
The magistrate must—
(a)
order that the record of the conviction for the offence be revoked; and
Note—
For the effect of not recording a conviction, see section 12.
(b)
vacate the offender’s intensive drug rehabilitation order; and
(c)
deal with the offender according to law.
(3)
Also, the magistrate must, under the Justices Act 1886, section 113, commit the offender to the District Court for sentence if—
(a)
the offence, in relation to which the intensive drug rehabilitation order for the offender was made, is a prescribed drug offence under the Drug Court Act; or
(b)
the magistrate is satisfied, under the Criminal Code, section 552D, the offender, if dealt with under subsection (2)(c), may not be adequately punished on summary conviction.
Note—
For the maximum penalty for indictable offences dealt with summarily, see the Criminal Code, section 552H.
(4)
Subsection (3) applies even though the magistrate has not addressed the defendant as required under the Justices Act 1886, section 104(2).
(5)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that—
(a)
the Bail Act 1980 applies to the offender; and
(b)
the offender has pleaded guilty to the offence under the Drug Court Act, section 19(c).
s 230 ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
231
Sentencing an offender after enforcement of warrant
(1)
This section applies if a magistrate sentences an offender to whom section 230 applies.
(2)
In sentencing the offender, the magistrate must have regard to the initial sentence contained in the offender’s intensive drug rehabilitation order.
(3)
To remove any doubt, it is declared that, in applying section 159A to a sentence for a term of imprisonment imposed on an offender under this section, time spent in custody under the Drug Court Act, other than under section 32(1)(f) of that Act, is taken to be imprisonment already served under the sentence.
s 231 ins 2013 No. 29s 59ZP
Division 7
Transitional provision for Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2013
pt 14 div 7 hdg ins 2013 No. 35s 142G
232
Transitional provision for sch 1
Schedule 1, as amended by the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2013, is taken to have had effect on and from 13 August 2013.
s 232 ins 2013 No. 35s 142G
Division 8
Transitional provision for Criminal Law (Criminal Organisations Disruption) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2013
pt 14 div 8 hdg ins 2013 No. 64s 121
233
Application of amended s 15A
Section 15A, as amended by the Criminal Law (Criminal Organisations Disruption) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2013, applies to the sentencing of an offender for an offence whether the proceeding for the offence was started before, on or after the commencement of this section.
s 233 ins 2013 No. 64s 121
Division 9
Transitional provision for Youth Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2014
pt 14 div 9 hdg ins 2014 No. 9s 39
234
Sentencing guidelines
This Act applies to the sentencing of an offender convicted after the commencement of this section even if 1 or both of the following happened before the commencement—
(a)
the commission of the offence the subject of the conviction;
(b)
the start of the proceeding for the offence.
s 234 ins 2014 No. 9s 39
Division 10
Transitional provisions for Criminal Law Amendment Act 2014
pt 14 div 10 hdg ins 2014 No. 39s 68
235
Application of s 13B
(1)
Section 13B applies to the sentencing of an offender for an offence on or after the commencement, even if—
(a)
the proceeding for the offence was started before the commencement; or
(b)
some or all of the offender’s cooperation with a law enforcement agency occurred before the commencement.
(2)
In this section—
commencement means the commencement of section 13B.
s 235 ins 2014 No. 39s 68
Division 11
Transitional provisions for Safe Night Out Legislation Amendment Act 2014
pt 14 div 11 hdg ins 2014 No. 42s 100
236
Sentencing guidelines
Section 9(9A) applies to the sentencing of an offender if the offender is convicted of the offence after the commencement of this section, even if the offence was committed, or the offender was charged with the offence, before the commencement of this section.
s 236 ins 2014 No. 42s 100
237
Banning orders
A court may make a banning order under section 43I, as amended by the Safe Night Out Legislation Amendment Act 2014, if the offender is convicted of the offence after the commencement of this section, even if the offence was committed, or the offender was charged with the offence, before the commencement of this section.
s 237 ins 2014 No. 42s 100
238
Community service orders required under s 108B
Section 108B does not apply to an offence committed before the commencement of that section.
s 238 ins 2014 No. 42s 100
Division 12
Transitional provision for Tackling Alcohol-Fuelled Violence Legislation Amendment Act 2016
pt 14 div 12 hdg ins 2016 No. 4s 72
239
Imposition of DAAR condition
(1)
Section 19(2B), as inserted by the amending Act, applies to an order made under section 19(1)(b) in relation to an offender on or after the commencement.
(2)
For subsection (1), it is irrelevant whether the act or omission constituting the offence for which the order is made happened, or the proceeding for the offence was started, before or after the commencement.
(3)
In this section—
amending Act means the Tackling Alcohol-Fuelled Violence Legislation Amendment Act 2016.
s 239 ins 2016 No. 4s 72
Division 13
Transitional provision for Criminal Law (Domestic Violence) Amendment Act 2016
pt 14 div 13 hdg (prev pt 14 div 12 hdg 2nd occurring) ins 2016 No. 16s 7
renum 2016 No. 62s 493 sch 1pt 1
240
Sentencing submissions
The amendments made to section 15 by the Criminal Law (Domestic Violence) Amendment Act 2016 apply in relation to sentencing an offender even if the offence or conviction happened before the commencement.
s 240 (prev s 239 2nd occurring) ins 2016 No. 16s 7
renum 2016 No. 62s 493 sch 1pt 1
Division 14
Transitional provision for Youth Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act (No. 1) 2016
pt 14 div 14 hdg (prev pt 14 div 13 hdg 1st occurring) ins 2016 No. 38s 65
renum 2016 No. 62s 493 sch 1pt 1
241
Sentencing guidelines
Section 9, as amended by the Youth Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act (No. 1) 2016, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 241 (prev s 240 1st occurring) ins 2016 No. 38s 65
renum 2016 No. 62s 493 sch 1pt 1
Division 15
Transitional provision for Health and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016
pt 14 div 15 hdg (prev pt 14 div 13 hdg 2nd occurring) ins 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1
renum 2017 No. 6s 75sch 1
242
Offence of a sexual nature taken to include references to Criminal Code, ss 208 and 209
The definition offence of a sexual nature in section 15E(4) applies as if the reference to the Criminal Code, section 215 included a reference to—
(a)
the Criminal Code, section 208 as in force at any time before its repeal by the Health and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016; and
(b)
the Criminal Code, section 209 as in force at any time before its repeal by the Criminal Code and Other Acts Amendment Act 2008.
s 242 (prev s 240 2nd occurring) ins 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1
renum 2017 No. 6s 75sch 1
Division 16
Transitional provisions for Serious and Organised Crime Legislation Amendment Act 2016
pt 14 div 16 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 282
Subdivision 1
Transitional provisions for repeal of Vicious Lawless Association Disestablishment Act 2013
pt 14 div 16 sdiv 1 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 282
243
Definitions for subdivision
In this subdivision—
commencement means the commencement of the Serious and Organised Crime Legislation Amendment Act 2016, part 35.
repealed VLAD Act means the Vicious Lawless Association Disestablishment Act 2013 repealed by the Serious and Organised Crime Legislation Amendment Act 2016, part 35.
s 243 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
244
Application of subdivision
This subdivision applies if a court has in, or in connection with, a criminal proceeding, including, for example, a proceeding on appeal, sentenced a person as a vicious lawless associate for a declared offence under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7.
s 244 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
245
Application to Supreme Court to reopen sentencing proceedings
(1)
The person may apply to the Supreme Court to reopen the proceeding to the extent the court imposed on the person either or both of the following—
(a)
a further sentence of 15 years imprisonment served wholly in a corrective services facility under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7(1)(b);
(b)
a further sentence of 10 years imprisonment served wholly in a corrective services facility under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7(1)(c).
(2)
The application must be made within 3 months after the commencement.
(3)
The court may, at any time, extend the period mentioned in subsection (2).
(4)
The court must give a copy of the application to the director of public prosecutions.
(5)
Within 10 business days after the making of the application, the court must give directions to enable the application to be heard.
s 245 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
246
Supreme Court may reopen sentencing proceedings
(1)
On the hearing of an application under section 245, the Supreme Court may reopen the proceeding to the extent mentioned in section 245(1).
(2)
The Supreme Court may also, at any time, reopen the proceeding to the extent mentioned in section 245(1) if a court reopens the proceeding under section 188.
(3)
If the Supreme Court reopens the proceeding under subsection (1) or (2), the court must—
(a)
give the parties an opportunity to be heard; and
(b)
if the person was sentenced under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7(1)(a) to a sentence other than life imprisonment or an indefinite sentence—resentence the person to a further sentence as if the law applicable to the further sentence were the law mentioned in section 161R(2)(b); and
(c)
if the person was sentenced under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7(1)(a) to life imprisonment or an indefinite sentence—resentence the person to a further sentence as if the law applicable to the further sentence were the Corrective Services Act 2006.
(4)
The court may have regard to—
(a)
relevant material admitted before the court during the previous trial and sentence of the person; and
(b)
any other material relevant to the further sentence.
(5)
If the previous sentencing court reduced, under section 13A, the further sentence imposed under the repealed VLAD Act, section 7(1)(b) or (c), the court must have regard to the material placed on the court file under section 13A(7)(c).
(6)
Subsection (5) does not—
(a)
affect an order prohibiting publication that has been made in relation to the material under section 13A(8); or
(b)
limit the reopening of a proceeding under section 188.
(7)
Also, if the Supreme Court reopens the proceeding under subsection (2), and the court that reopened the proceeding under section 188 was a court other than the Supreme Court, the Supreme Court may remit the resentencing of the person under subsection (3)(b) or (c) to the other court.
(8)
In this section—
indefinite sentence means an indefinite sentence under part 10.
s 246 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
247
Appeals
If a further sentence is imposed under section 246, the person, and the Attorney-General, have the same rights to appeal against the further sentence as if it were the further sentence originally imposed on the person.
s 247 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
248
No cause of action
No cause of action may be started or continued against the State in relation to any period of imprisonment the person may have actually served that is more than the period of imprisonment the person would have served if originally sentenced to the further sentence imposed under section 246.
s 248 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
Subdivision 2
Other transitional provisions
pt 14 div 16 sdiv 2 hdg ins 2016 No. 62s 282
249
Making of control order for offender convicted of committing indictable offence before commencement
Section 161W applies to the sentencing of an offender convicted of an indictable offence after the commencement whether the offence was committed before or after the commencement.
s 249 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
250
Application of amended s 187
Section 187, as amended by the Serious and Organised Crime Legislation Amendment Act 2016, applies to the sentencing of an offender for an offence after the commencement whether the proceeding for the offence was started before or after the commencement.
s 250 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
251
Application of s 161Q to particular prescribed offences
(1)
This section applies if—
(a)
an offender is convicted of an offence against—
(i)
the Criminal Code, section 218B, 229B or 229HB; or
(ii)
the Drugs Misuse Act 1986, section 5 or 9D; or
(iii)
the Weapons Act 1990, section 65; and
(b)
the offence is committed partly, but not wholly, after the commencement.
(2)
Section 161Q applies in relation to the offence only if, at a time after the commencement, the offender—
(a)
was a participant in a criminal organisation; and
(b)
knew, or ought reasonably to have known, a matter mentioned in section 161Q(1)(b).
s 251 ins 2016 No. 62s 282
Division 17
Transitional provision for Criminal Law Amendment Act 2017
pt 14 div 17 hdg ins 2017 No. 6s 69
252
Warrant for arrest of offender failing to enter into recognisance under order made before commencement
Part 3, division 3AA applies in relation to an original order whether the order was made before or after the commencement.
s 252 ins 2017 No. 6s 69
Division 18
Transitional provision for Victims of Crime Assistance and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2017
pt 14 div 18 hdg ins 2017 No. 8s 13
253
Victim impact statements
(1)
Part 10B applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
(2)
A victim impact statement given under the Victims of Crime Assistance Act 2009, repealed section 15(5) before the commencement, including a statement given electronically, is taken to have been given under section 179L.
(3)
In this section—
repealed section 15(5), of the Victims of Crime Assistance Act 2009, means section 15(5) of that Act as it was in force from time to time before its repeal by the Victims of Crime Assistance and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2017.
s 253 ins 2017 No. 8s 13
Division 19
Transitional provision for Liquor and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2017
pt 14 div 19 hdg ins 2017 No. 5s 28
254
Banning orders
A court may make a banning order under section 43J if the offender is convicted of an offence mentioned in section 43J(1)(a)(i) or (ii) after the commencement, even if the offence was committed, or the offender was charged with the offence, before the commencement.
s 254 ins 2017 No. 5s 28
Division 20
Transitional provision for Justice Legislation (Links to Terrorist Activity) Amendment Act 2019
pt 14 div 20 hdg ins 2019 No. 10s 24
255
Application of s 160B to sentencing offenders after commencement
Section 160B, as amended by the Justice Legislation (Links to Terrorist Activity) Amendment Act 2019, applies in relation to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 255 ins 2019 No. 10s 24
Division 21
Transitional provisions for Criminal Code (Child Sexual Offences Reform) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2020
pt 14 div 21 hdg ins 2020 No. 32s 55
256
Sentencing guidelines
Section 9, as amended by the Criminal Code (Child Sexual Offences Reform) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2020, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before, or happens after, the commencement.
s 256 ins 2020 No. 32s 55
257
Application of s 195E
Section 195E applies to a court sentencing an offender after the commencement—
(a)
whether the offence or conviction happened before, or happens after, the commencement; and
(b)
even if the sentence is imposed on appeal or reopening of sentencing proceedings under section 188.
s 257 ins 2020 No. 32s 55
Division 22
Transitional provision for Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2020
pt 14 div 22 hdg ins 2020 No. 15s 165
258
Application of ss 9 and 159A to sentencing offenders after commencement
Sections 9 and 159A, as amended by the Justice and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2020, apply in relation to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 258 ins 2020 No. 15s 165
Division 23
Transitional provisions for Criminal Law (Coercive Control and Affirmative Consent) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024
pt 14 div 23 hdg ins 2024 No. 5s 84
259
Sentencing guidelines
Section 9, as amended by the Criminal Law (Coercive Control and Affirmative Consent) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 259 ins 2024 No. 5s 84
260
Convictions for offences relating to domestic violence
Section 12A, as amended by the Criminal Law (Coercive Control and Affirmative Consent) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024, applies only in relation to convictions for relevant domestic violence offences committed from the commencement.
s 260 ins 2024 No. 5s 88
Division 24
Transitional provision for Criminal Code (Decriminalising Sex Work) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024
pt 14 div 24 hdg ins 2024 No. 23s 30
261
Particular offences continue as prescribed offences
On the commencement, repealed sections 229G, 229H, 229HB, 229K and 229L of the Criminal Code continue to be prescribed offences for part 9D.
s 261 ins 2024 No. 23s 30
Division 25
Transitional provision for Respect at Work and Other Matters Amendment Act 2024
pt 14 div 25 hdg ins 2024 No. 47s 72
262
Application of s 9 to sentencing offenders after commencement
Section 9, as amended by the Respect at Work and Other Matters Amendment Act 2024, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 262 ins 2024 No. 47s 72
Division 26
Transitional provisions for Penalties and Sentences (Sexual Offences) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2025
pt 14 div 26 hdg ins 2025 No. 20s 14
263
Definition for division
In this division—
amendment Act means the Penalties and Sentences (Sexual Offences) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2025.
s 263 ins 2025 No. 20s 14
264
Application of s 9 to sentencing offenders after commencement
Section 9, as amended by the amendment Act, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 264 ins 2025 No. 20s 14
265
Application of s 179K to sentencing offenders after commencement
Section 179K, as amended by the amendment Act, applies to the sentencing of an offender after the commencement whether the offence or conviction happened before or after the commencement.
s 265 ins 2025 No. 20s 14
Schedule 1
Serious violent offences
sections 156A
(1)
(a), 161A(a), 161B(3)(a) and 161C(1)(c) and (d)
Criminal Code
2
section 61 (Riot)
3
section 75 (Threatening violence)
4
section 142 (Escape by persons in lawful custody)
7
section 210 (Indecent treatment of children under 16)
7A
section 210A (Sexual acts with a child aged 16 or 17 under one’s care, supervision or authority)
8
section 213 (Owner etc. permitting abuse of children on premises)
9
section 215 (Engaging in penile intercourse with child under 16)
10
section 216 (Abuse of persons with an impairment of the mind)
11
section 217 (Procuring young person etc. for penile intercourse)
11A
section 217A (Obtaining commercial sexual services from person who is not an adult)
11B
section 217B (Allowing person who is not an adult to take part in commercial sexual services)
11C
section 217C (Conduct relating to provision of commercial sexual services by person who is not an adult)
12
section 218 (Procuring sexual acts by coercion etc.)
12A
section 219 (Taking child for immoral purposes)
13
section 222 (Incest)
14
section 229B (Repeated sexual conduct with a child)
14B
section 236
(2) (Misconduct with regard to corpses)
15
sections 303 (Definition of manslaughter) and 310 (Punishment of manslaughter)
16
section 306 (Attempt to murder)
16A
section 309 (Conspiring to murder)
17
section 313 (Killing unborn child)
18
section 315 (Disabling in order to commit indictable offence)
19
section 316 (Stupefying in order to commit indictable offence)
20
section 317 (Acts intended to cause grievous bodily harm and other malicious acts)
21
section 317A
(1) (Carrying or sending dangerous goods in a vehicle)
22
section 318 (Obstructing rescue or escape from unsafe premises)
23
section 319 (Endangering the safety of a person in a vehicle with intent)
25
section 320 (Grievous bodily harm)
26
section 320A (Torture)
27
section 321 (Attempting to injure by explosive or noxious substances)
28
section 321A (Bomb hoaxes)
29
section 322 (Administering poison with intent to harm)
30
section 323 (Wounding)
30A
section 324 (Failure to supply necessaries)
31
section 326 (Endangering life of children by exposure)
32
section 328A (Dangerous operation of a vehicle)
32A
section 334C (Coercive control)
33
section 339 (Assaults occasioning bodily harm)
34
section 340 (Serious assaults)
35
section 349 (Rape)
36
section 350 (Attempt to commit rape)
37
section 351 (Assault with intent to commit rape)
38
section 352 (Sexual assaults)
39
section 354 (Kidnapping)
40
section 354A (Kidnapping for ransom)
40A
section 364 (Cruelty to children under 16)
41
section 411
(1) (Punishment of robbery)
42
section 411
(2) (Punishment of robbery)
43
section 412 (Attempted robbery)
43A
section 417A (Taking control of aircraft)
44
section 419
(1) (Burglary), if section 419(3)(b)(i) or (ii) applies
Criminal Code
(Provisions repealed by Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997)
1
section 208 (Unlawful anal intercourse)
2
section 221 (Conspiracy to defile)
3
section 222 (Incest by man)
4
section 223 (Incest by adult female)
5
section 318 (Preventing escape from wreck)
Criminal Code
(Provision repealed by Health and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016)
1
section 208 (Unlawful sodomy)
Criminal Code
(Provision repealed by Criminal Code (Decriminalising Sex Work) and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024)
1
section 229G
(1) (Procuring engagement in prostitution), if section 229G(2) applies
Corrective Services Act 2006
1
section 122
(2) (Unlawful assembly, riot and mutiny)
2
section 124(1)
(a) (Other offences)
Corrective Services Act 2000
(Provisions repealed by Corrective Services Act 2006)
1
section 92
(2) (Unlawful assembly, riot and mutiny)
2
section 94
(a) (Other offences)
Drugs Misuse Act 1986
1
section 5 (Trafficking in dangerous drugs), if the offender is sentenced for the offence on or after the commencement of the Serious and Organised Crime Legislation Amendment Act 2016, section 164, whether the offence or conviction happened before or after that commencement
2
section 6 (Supplying dangerous drugs), if the offence is one of aggravated supply as mentioned in that section
3
section 8 (Producing dangerous drugs), if the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of the penalty apply
sch 1 ins 1997 No. 4s 17
amd 2000 No. 43s 58; 2000 No. 63s 276sch 2; 2002 No. 34s 74sch 6; 2004 No. 43s 84; 2005 No. 70s 166sch; 2006 No. 29s 505; 2007 No. 37s 132; 2008 No. 55s 144
num 2010 No. 34s 33sch
amd 2013 No. 31s 65; 2013 No. 35s 142H; 2014 No. 39s 69; 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1; 2016 No. 62s 283; 2017 No. 6s 70; 2019 No. 15s 10; 2023 No. 14s 52sch 1; 2023 No. 1s 97 sch 1pt 2; 2024 No. 23s 36sch 1; 2024 No. 5s 89; 2024 No. 48s 49 sch 1pt 1
Schedule 1A
Serious child sex offences
section 161D
Criminal Code
Section
Section heading or description of offence
213
Owner etc. permitting abuse of children on premises
215
Engaging in penile intercourse with child under 16
219
Taking child for immoral purposes
222
Incest
229B
Repeated sexual conduct with a child
349
Rape
352
Sexual assaults
Criminal Code
(Provisions repealed by Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997)
Section
Section heading
208
Unlawful anal intercourse
222
Incest by man
Criminal Code
(Provisions amended, renumbered or repealed by Criminal Law Amendment Act 2000)
Section
Section heading
215
Carnal knowledge of girls under 16
337
Sexual assaults
347
Rape
Criminal Code
(Provision repealed by Health and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016)
Section
Section heading
208
Unlawful sodomy
sch 1A ins 2012 No. 14s 10
amd 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1; 2023 No. 1s 97 sch 1pt 2
Schedule 1B
Serious drug offences
section 161F
Drugs Misuse Act 1986
Part 1
Category A offences
Column 1
Column 2
Section
Section heading
5
Trafficking in dangerous drugs
Part 2
Category B offences
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Section
Section heading
Relevant circumstance
6(1)
Supplying dangerous drugs
The quantity of the dangerous drug is of or exceeds the quantity specified in the Drugs Misuse Regulation 1987, schedule 3 in respect of that drug.
7
Receiving or possessing property obtained from trafficking or supplying
8
Producing dangerous drugs
The circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d) of the penalty apply.
10B
Possession of a prohibited combination of items
Part 3
Category C offences
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Section
Section heading
Relevant circumstance
8
Producing dangerous drugs
The circumstances mentioned in paragraph (e) of the penalty apply and the court has made a finding of fact that the offender committed the offence with a commercial purpose.
Note—
See the Evidence Act 1977, section 132C.
9
Possessing dangerous drugs
The circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of the penalty apply and the court has made a finding of fact that the offender committed the offence with a commercial purpose.
Note—
See the Evidence Act 1977, section 132C.
sch 1B ins 2013 No. 21s 65
Schedule 1C
Prescribed offences
section 161N, definition prescribed offence
Criminal Code
•
section 61 (Riot)
•
section 87 (Official corruption)
•
section 92A (Misconduct in relation to public office)
•
section 119B (Retaliation against or intimidation of judicial officer, juror, witness etc.)
•
section 122 (Corruption of jurors)
•
section 127 (Corruption of witnesses)
•
section 140 (Attempting to pervert justice)
•
section 210 (Indecent treatment of children under 16)
•
section 210A (Sexual acts with a child aged 16 or 17 under one’s care, supervision or authority)
•
section 213 (Owner etc. permitting abuse of children on premises)
•
section 215 (Engaging in penile intercourse with child under 16)
•
section 217 (Procuring young person etc. for penile intercourse)
•
section 217A (Obtaining commercial sexual services from person who is not an adult)
•
section 217B (Allowing person who is not an adult to take part in commercial sexual services)
•
section 217C (Conduct relating to provision of commercial sexual services by person who is not an adult)
•
section 218 (Procuring sexual acts by coercion etc.)
•
section 218A (Using internet etc. to procure children under 16)
•
section 218B (Grooming child under 16 years or parent or carer of child under 16 years)
•
section 219 (Taking child for immoral purposes)
•
section 228A (Involving child in making child exploitation material)
•
section 228B (Making child exploitation material)
•
section 228C (Distributing child exploitation material)
•
section 228D (Possessing child exploitation material)
•
section 228DA (Administering child exploitation material website)
•
section 228DB (Encouraging use of child exploitation material website)
•
section 228DC (Distributing information about avoiding detection)
•
section 228I (Producing or supplying child abuse object)
•
section 228J (Possessing child abuse object)
•
section 229B (Repeated sexual conduct with a child)
•
sections 302 (Definition of murder) and 305 (Punishment of murder)
•
sections 303 (Definition of manslaughter) and 310 (Punishment of manslaughter)
•
section 306 (Attempt to murder)
•
section 307 (Accessory after the fact to murder)
•
section 308 (Threats to murder in document)
•
section 309 (Conspiring to murder)
•
section 314A (Unlawful striking causing death)
•
section 317 (Acts intended to cause grievous bodily harm and other malicious acts)
•
section 317A (Carrying or sending dangerous goods in a vehicle)
•
section 320 (Grievous bodily harm)
•
section 320A (Torture)
•
section 321 (Attempting to injure by explosive or noxious substances)
•
section 339 (Assaults occasioning bodily harm), if the offence is committed in circumstances where the offender is liable to imprisonment for 10 years
•
section 340
(1)
(b) (Serious assaults), if the offence is committed in circumstances where the offender is liable to imprisonment for 14 years
•
section 349 (Rape)
•
section 350 (Attempt to commit rape)
•
section 351 (Assault with intent to commit rape)
•
section 352 (Sexual assaults)
•
section 354 (Kidnapping)
•
section 354A (Kidnapping for ransom)
•
section 359 (Threats), if the offence is committed in circumstances where the offender is liable to imprisonment for 10 years
•
section 359E (Punishment of unlawful stalking, intimidation, harassment or abuse)
•
section 398 (Punishment of stealing), if item 14 (Stealing firearm for use in another indictable offence) or 15 (Stealing firearm or ammunition) applies
•
section 408C (Fraud), if the offence is committed in circumstances where the offender is liable to imprisonment for 14 or more years
•
section 408D (Obtaining or dealing with identification information)
•
sections 409 (Definition of robbery) and 411(1) or (2) (Punishment of robbery)
•
section 412 (Attempted robbery)
•
section 415 (Extortion)
•
section 419
(1), but only if section 419(3) applies, or 419(4) (Burglary)
•
section 433 (Receiving tainted property)
Criminal Proceeds Confiscation Act 2002
•
section 250 (Money laundering)
Drugs Misuse Act 1986
Note—
See the Evidence Act 1977, section 132C in relation to findings of fact on sentencing.
•
section 5 (Trafficking in dangerous drugs)
•
section 6 (Supplying dangerous drugs), if the offence is committed with a commercial purpose
•
section 7 (Receiving or possessing property obtained from trafficking or supplying)
•
section 8 (Producing dangerous drugs), if the offence is committed with a commercial purpose
•
section 9B (Supplying relevant substances or things), if the offence is committed with a commercial purpose
•
section 9C (Producing relevant substances or things), if the offence is committed with a commercial purpose
•
section 9D (Trafficking in relevant substances or things)
Weapons Act 1990
•
section 50B (Unlawful supply of weapons), if either of the following applies—
•
the penalty, paragraph (a), (b) or (c)(i) or (ii)
•
the penalty, paragraph (c)(iii) for a category A or B weapon or category M crossbow
•
section 65 (Unlawful trafficking in weapons)
sch 1C ins 2016 No. 62s 284
amd 2020 No. 32s 56; 2023 No. 1s 97 sch 1pt 2; 2024 No. 23 ss 31, 36 sch 1 amdts 4–5 (amdts could not be given effect); 2024 No. 48s 49 sch 1pt 1
Schedule 2
Qualifying offences
section 162, definition qualifying offence, paragraph (a)
Criminal Code
Section
Section heading or description of offence
54A
Demands with menaces upon agencies of government
210
Indecent treatment of children under 16
213
Owner etc. permitting abuse of children on premises
215
Engaging in penile intercourse with child under 16
216
Abuse of persons with an impairment of the mind
217
Procuring young person etc. for penile intercourse
218
Procuring sexual acts by coercion etc.
219
Taking child for immoral purposes
221
Conspiracy to defile
222
Incest
229B
Repeated sexual conduct with a child
302, 305
Murder
303, 310
Manslaughter
306
Attempt to murder
309
Conspiring to murder
311
Aiding suicide
313
Killing unborn child
314A
Unlawful striking causing death
315
Disabling in order to commit indictable offence
317
Acts intended to cause grievous bodily harm and other malicious acts
320A
Torture
321
Attempting to injure by explosive or noxious substances
322
Administering poison with intent to harm
349
Rape
350
Attempt to commit rape
351
Assault with intent to commit rape
352
Sexual assaults
411(2)
Robbery with circumstance of aggravation
412
Attempted robbery
Criminal Code
(Provisions repealed by Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997)
Section
Section heading
208
Unlawful anal intercourse
221
Conspiracy to defile
222
Incest by man
223
Incest by adult female
Criminal Code
(Provisions amended, renumbered or repealed by Criminal Law Amendment Act 2000)
Section
Section heading
215
Carnal knowledge of girls under 16
336
Assault with intent to commit rape
337
Sexual assaults
347
Rape
349
Attempt to commit rape
Criminal Code
(Provision repealed by Criminal Code and Other Acts Amendment Act 2008)
Section
Section heading
209
Attempted sodomy
Criminal Code
(Provision repealed by Health and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016)
Section
Section heading
208
Unlawful sodomy
sch 2 ins 2010 No. 34s 45
amd 2016 No. 50s 40sch 1; 2023 No. 1s 97 sch 1pt 2